本题目来源于试卷: IB ESS Unit 1 Foundations of ESS，类别为 IB环境系统与社会
[单选题]
Identify the stage in succession that vurh wiuw84d(f i /:*zis most likely to sspx23k*pogs 1wi )u(ohow resilience and the ability to wit* (u )w goo3kiss2pxp1hstand changes.
A. Pioneer community when abiotic conditions are poor
B. Pioneer community with the growth of lichens and grasses
C. Intermediate stages of succession when consumers join the food chain
D. Climax community when food chains are fully developed
参考答案: D
本题详细解析:
Climax communities are reached when 0dpwavy5u.6p x8z-evsecondary productivity is at a maximum and complex food webs exist in the community. This community is stable and resilient to diseases and other unforeseen changes that may occur because there are many organis ve-pa8y.5 6dupvzxw0 ms that can compensate. Negative feedback cycles maintain equilibrium at this stage and can avoid tipping points.
Options A and B are the early stages of succession, when productivity is low, food chains are simple and the ecosystem is unstable.
The intermediate stages of succession (Option C) tend to have more complex food chains but not very complex food webs; they are not as stable as the climax stages. Secondary productivity will start to increase as more consumers join the food chain and the system becomes more stable than pioneer communities.
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