本题目来源于试卷: Optical Instruments，类别为 IB物理学
[问答题]
Which aberrations present in a simple lens are not l/h yu.ora0ri5 37x dwpresent (or are greatly redctkkb3v2 )ld: 2t(hu p7+ts ayuce2bt3t2u 7ts+( hy pkdl)a vkc:d) in the human eye?
参考答案:
Spherical aberrations can
be present in a simple lens. To correct
this in a simple lens, usually many lenses are used together in combination to
minimize the bending at each of the surfaces.
Your eye minimizes spherical aberrations by also bending the light at
many different interfaces as it makes its way through the different parts of
the eye (cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, etc.), each with their
own n. Also, the cornea is less curved at the edges
than it is at the center and the lens is less dense at the edges than at the
center. Both of these reduce spherical
aberrations in the eye since they cause the rays at the outer edges to be bent
less strongly. Curvature of field occurs
when the focal plane is not flat. Our
curved retina helps with this distortion, whereas a flat piece of film in a
camera, for example, wouldn’t be able to fix this. Distortion is a result of the variation of
the magnification at different distances from the optical axis. This is most common in wide-angle lenses,
where it must be corrected for. This is
compensated in the human eye because it is a very small lens and our retina is
curved. Chromatic aberrations are mostly
compensated for in the human eye because the lens absorbs shorter wavelengths and
the retina is not very sensitive to most blue and violet wavelengths where most
chromatic aberrations occur.
本题详细解析:
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