本题目来源于试卷: Quantum Mechanics of Atoms，类别为 IB物理学
[问答题]
Why do we not expect perfect agreement betweenhz,2 jq stq.y: measured vy yc7bl2sj c4(alues of X-ray line wavelengths and those csycj 2bcy47l (alculated using Bohr theory?
参考答案:
When we use the Bohr theory to predict the X-ray line wavelengths, we need to estimate the amount that the electron that is changing to a lower level is partially shielded by the other electron(s) in those lower
levels. So, for example, if we are looking at an electron changing into the n = 1 level, we estimate that the falling electron “sees” a nucleus of charge Z – 1, instead of just Z. The problem with this estimate is that the lower level electron(s) does not do a perfect job of shielding the changing electron, thus our calculated X-ray line wavelengths are slightly different from the measured ones.
本题详细解析:
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