本题目来源于试卷: Nuclear & Quantum Physics E.1 Atomic Structure，类别为 IB物理学
[单选题]
A student investigates 9t hs*j*ourb)q-l(0kvp0 gf athe scatte5 wu a2kn 0n.kzaeq0)i quz(g,ring of alpha particles. Initially, she uses a gold foil (Z = 79) and next she repeats the experiment using an aluminum (Z = 13) foil of the same thickness. The scattered alpha particles are observed on w5z n,.00 aukau(qn) g2qeik za detector that fluoresces.
Which of the following will be true as she switches from the gold foil to the aluminum foil?
I. The alpha particles deflect more from the gold nucleus than the aluminum.
II. The alpha particles approach the gold nucleus closer than the aluminum nucleus.
III. There is no change in the observed scattering pattern.
A. $I$ only
B. $II$ only
C. $III$ only
D. $II$ and $III$ only
参考答案: A
本题详细解析:
Explanation: The aluminum nucleus has fewer protons than the gold nucleus hence the effects of repulsion are less for the aluminum nucleus when compared with the gold. The particles will be able to have a closer approach to the aluminum, and the gold will cause more scattering than the aluminum due to its stronger charge.
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