A. Their cells are unable to respond to insulin
B. Their liver is unable to store glucose
C. Their immune system destroys β-cells in the pancreas
D. Their immune system destroys α-cells in the pancreas
参考答案:
C
本题详细解析:
Type 1 diabetes in an autoimmune disease. In type 1 diabetes, the immune system targets and destroys the β-cells in the pancreas, resulting in a severe deficiency of insulin. Without insulin, the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels, leading to hyperglycemia. Therefore Choice C is correct.
Cells being are unable to respond to insulin (Choice A) describes a condition known as insulin resistance, which is more commonly associated with type 2 diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, cells become less responsive to the effects of insulin, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.
The liver plays a role in storing glucose as glycogen and releasing it when needed to maintain blood sugar levels. However, the primary issue in type 1 diabetes is the destruction of insulin-producing β-cells, leading to a lack of insulin, rather than a direct problem with liver glucose storage. Choice B is therefore not correct.
α-cells in the pancreas produce glucagon, another important hormone involved in blood sugar regulation. However, the destruction of α-cells (Choice D) would primarily affect glucagon levels, not insulin production, and would not explain the need for insulin injections in type 1 diabetes.
