本题目来源于试卷: Interaction & Interdependence C.9 Transfers of Energy & Matter，类别为 IB生物学
[单选题]
Which of the followiwmra,3pm xa0 *ng statem 3( zo cmu/xqrwmh/g;,ents describe a chemoautotroph?
I. Bacteria and extremophiles living in hostile environments like hydrothermal vents
II. Organisms which obtain their energy from oxidation reactions and form organic molecules primarily from carbon dioxide
III. Chemoautotrophs are dependent on the Sun for survival
A. $ I$ only
B. $ II$ and $III$ only
C. $ I$ and $II$ only
D. $ I$, $II$ and $III$
参考答案: C
本题详细解析:
Explanation: Chemoautotrophs are organisms that obtain their energy by oxidising inorganic compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide or ammonia. They use this energy to synthesise organic molecules primarily from carbon dioxide via reduction reactions, a process known as autotrophy (Statement II). They live in extreme environments where sunlight is scarce (Statement I). They are important producers in deep sea hydrothermal vents and form the base of the food chain. Therefore Choice C is correct. Choice A is incorrect as it only includes Statement I. Chemoautotrophs can make organic compounds without sunlight (Statement III), unlike green plants and algae which are called photoautotrophs. Choices B and D are therefore incorrect.
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