Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmental valdq h3h,4(v,u 7yuq vhfue system:dv3f7vu,hqy,( hq4h u

  igure: Sample EU enerjea( ,gx7qjh t2fx44ngy efficiency label for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental value systems is most like jy.5ly nw2f*lm42n9 uswy x3tly held by Elon Musk, the founder t.3 nu lys*n242w9jfyx ly 5mwof Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Majcqf4 69f wgzi(mu,c 5k) c-xprble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a priority in a technocentrist worldvie2 o02 /qddcirmw.

  Figure: Systems model fpfo-1sfx 5+qx5kiq,(yr vkf 0or developing an environmental value system


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic right wha do5w7qfby15 r 5kra t4i. t5p9fjg+ffles


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.Wd 7mm4t g*y;ot -ba-a:lu.q crhat is input and o r.a-*t;4 :- mulqd7tyocmgbautput?

  Determine which is the best definition fk9qzk5-j1qlb or ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmexyeo1 en+, zc691ezu sntal value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsic val;;v(aqo-qo :71saxcs 9enq-gjn:d dg ue.

  Identify which of the following statements is most closely associated wivo*)7oz u.idi:s: z xlth an anthro:xsizzo:i*. dlov) u7pocentric environmental value system.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate in Kato6c u b7yopcpwf9-:w) xwice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old gi6yc -nvb1gxp fh,n u 9/6 acj1v3tmnx8rl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992. She spoke about the damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you dg f1x3 yh/n1u -txjbccvp89n nav,66mon’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maathai 3jce5zil9el8tzl2l ,






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events thatchm7;wqz; g(*qy6 qfz shaped our modern view of envir6hq;;(fzzgyq q c *7mwonmentalism:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctj6t0ebhp8w) bs2 1 q( oqxtl t3rv60ebly drawn systems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed system makes with the e3/ba0k +zlchl nvironment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environme xp*+s 99u xh-msr9xqrntal value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of regxtmm(q e9w6 ic(*3jfbqf+p . ality used to help people understand complex workiniqjxef3b6. (mp(m*f+q wgtc9 gs.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for investigating an aquatic fomve c0 rg3jgc l19gu83od chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement abouh1+kh /43lre vgu,mhft a systems diagram that is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cycl-x.v2kj8uw( bb .vzzne




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environm0p3fi(fa 7n4 z nq,encamt3o*ental value system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the f mjt00rse:muy-y:raxk1: a :dollowing is not true of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of carbon through ds yuou26/sl-ty ths-3 tp8,rj7 +tydfk 4q)cthe carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram an l.6cws p)(rzypx2.of a tree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rhhp6,+cm7f mc6g*t 0u y8yo pbise on the carbon sequestration of a salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input ，Output xg+2;5wnupv l b3ow p9 ，Boxopg w5v ;blpw3nu92+th input and output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following ij b1ms*mlsin10-oq ,cs an example of transformation.

  what is Positive feedback loops..4/1ffkrjnmo * xyy1*mekr72 r .;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to lead an5 wsjume g6/8/oylt0n ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densities of a predator and its prey /nj/t ytp-*s b




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options6 scrr-e,awyu,;;jyn about feedback is not correctly paired with the exampluyswre,6,yja;rn -; c e?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage inckci -13r :k8s(p,sust) e5ues6xx tu succession that is most likely to show resilience and the ability ussx1u6kxesr)s5ke cpt ct i-3:,u 8(to withstand changes.

  Determine which of the following sequences is p*19p5coai ucej ;ng;an example of a negative feedback mechanisa e5g; ;cju1i *9nocppm.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by o um6ftnh:- r15vkaw+r xxw83an Environmental Impact Assessme t:ruf5ar6m 3x xh+1o8vw- kwnnt (EIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut in rotation in different sectpkljze+ww-xvn qj(2e3e8 ;k mp5e vsh mj531-ions of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one3mk-xv5j1pe p 5( -h;q +w32jzm seljv8 wknee year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yield.

  Identify the aspect that does not define sustainabil+/v:p ncbtp;msaw b 12ity.

  Which of the following:j crt 03 nthukqm- 37nqq11c3xuh8qv would not fall under the classification of ecological goods that 8 7hmjk31u rctq0n3tqvx -qnhu13cq:can produce natural capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capacitydf m.m/ox.rs0 vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact A p9ug8z n u0a:4 rre6m-riu7gpssessment) is usually carried out before a major construction pri7n ruu6auggrp : pr-840mz9eoject is undertaken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per t*gmz+-w1iou * zm*5uxutyzl2b* o t+capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in whic4--k vgy5js gih the factor is not correctly paired with how it affec45v gi--gks yjts sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is not a way to increase 55givd s4pj z5fgso.j** l* nxsustainability.

  Figure: Average per capita khfl,jp 4rc1gv8m.1u $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is n j75y27ptk bkxot considered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP pepmf l kug7s0v41g++ gur capita 2019


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is/(a0pyvfm 4ywpu *p:k not a direct method of measuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts dcx5:(:ys9 sdw8ni4 vof l7v+shgb*f of methyl isocyanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after iyb4wx5 dv7o:hs*(sfcl+98dvs g:fn the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match jx9 v4i(a zabok2deo/ tei- +8the term and the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (v/t 3f b .y z;qi:r:us ppvqyrq2m1:k.DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per ca5zowk( -qw 3dgpita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater l ,t1 qi1tb9kkat Palmira Beach







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per c:) asw gk)t+amapita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capitn4 ralsnhq;: 4k3,s cxa $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.