Suggest which of the following might influence a person’s environmental values8 h)qqojf ni4ria/6w+y (d2a sy 6n i +8yo4d(qw qraif)/hasj2stem:

  igure: Sample EU energy efficiency laal/inz 9* teh+bel for a washing machine


[Source: Dunn, Andrew (2004, December 30). File: EU energy label.png. Wikimedia. Retrieved 28 July 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. Copyright free]
Improving the energy efficiency of household machines will help us decrease the amount of energy we use.
Identify the environmental value system that best matches this approach.

  Identify which of the following environmental valueg hyo-g4 pka7+j-+ckrf 6aq) u:- izey systems is most likely held by Elon Musk, the foufzyu:+6 kha-e+p g 7cjy-o r- ga)kiq4nder of Tesla and Space-X.

  Figure: "The Blue Maxta+ qay ;-/igrble"




[Source: Category: The Blue Marble (7 December 1972). Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved July 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category
#/media/File
.png. Copyright free.]
When we talk about the environmental movement we are referring to organised groups of people who take actions to protect the world around them. Humans have always taken care of their surroundings to some extent, but since the 1960s a sense of urgency has grown as we realise how beautiful, fragile and threatened our planet is.
State which of the following is not likely to have been a significant historical influence on the environmental movement.

  Identify the statement that is a pri s60ce;wt(z7 dya cs:th6p8zvority in a technocentrist worldview.

  Figure: Systems model for developing an environmental value sjhqi-u-ff5 p hu69 -2; v1dqzdw jwu0qystem


Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  Figure: A sign about North Atlantic ri9agooo1 9def 1ght whales


[Source: DrStew82. (2018, Dec 24). File
North Atlantic Right Whales sign, Belfast, Maine.jpg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved Aug 16 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
,_Belfast,_Maine.jpg. CC SA 4.0]
The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is critically endangered.
Suggest a technocentric method to save this species from extinction.

  List an input and an output of an environmental value system.Wq+fy8(oi4ulr hat is input and output?(lq y+r8o f4iu

  Determine which is the best definition foreupu+/zc gz ,t;34 k,nj(kwsm y4ue 6k ‘environmental value system’ (EVS).

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental value sysfn)vmha))ed ueqn; b4)z 7*r utem





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Explain the idea that the environment has an intrinsicui*0ij .:tm lq value.

  Identify which of the following szi /4bdaq;k ,4n9 (wn;gtkogr tatements is most closely associated with an anthropocentric environmental value systb 4;w4ndo(,kzg 9q/ng ir;akt em.


I. The use of technological advancements is our best chance at stopping climate change.
II. As humans, we are the dominant species and thus responsible to take care of the planet.
III. Nature is inherently balanced and will restore itself if not interfered with.
IV. Small-scale agriculture is more sustainable than large-scale agriculture.

  Figure: March for Climate ink* krljqepcny;8zb 5 azs0i /:pm5 01wjdjc83 Katowice (2018)




Source: Mafo (2018). Marz Dia Klimatu 2018. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 29, 2023, from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Marsz_Dla_Klimatu_2018.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0]
Determine which of the following terms could describe the people taking part in the demonstration shown in this image.

  As a young 12-year-old girl, Severn Suzuki spoke at the Earth Summit in Rio i3uel;hkjta -q9kj2k ) n 1992. She spoke about tl2-)qekkh ja;3j u9kthe damage she saw around her home in Canada and heard about from around the world. She asked world leaders to change their policies. She said, ‘If you don’t know how to fix it, please, stop breaking it.’
Describe how Severn Suzuki may have shaped the outcomes of the Earth Summit in Rio.

I. Government leaders were made aware of the impact of environmental degradation on the next generation and, therefore, the impact of the legislation they were writing.
II. Legislation was written to tackle the hole in the ozone.
III. People around the world realised that raising their voices could influence the decisions made at the Rio Earth Summit.

  Figure: Wangari Maath6fk9pu lq,2ofai






[Source: File
Maathai Receives the Nobel Peace Prize.png. Wikemedia Commons. Retrieved July 17 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.png. CC SA 4.0]
Wangari Maathai received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004 for her efforts in sustainable development. Since 1977 the Green Belt Movement that she started encouraged women to plant trees in order to combat desertification which was affecting the livelihood of the subsistence farmers in Kenya and other African countries.
Identify which of the environmental value systems listed below best matches the description of Wangari Maathai.

  Consider the following list of influential events thsh, w1hde-nv; h70xb0mpdj8 r29vlya at shaped our modern view of environmentali v2 dna1p rm,dwh8svyehj0lxhb-97;0sm:

I. Al Gore's book ““An Inconvenient Truth''
II. Rachel Carson's book ““Silent Spring''
III. The Fukishima Nuclear Disaster
IV. The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Deduce which of the following is the correct order of these according to when they occurred earliest to latest.

  Identify the diagram that is not a correctly drawn syhpimn(ome(.(c ffy7- stems

  Identify the exchanges that a closed sysxp i);l8t1nlh4; hl4 l g6utixtem makes with the environment.
I. Energy
II. Matter

  Figure: Systems model for developim*yh- 2 itov:dng an environmental value system



Using the Figure, deduce which stage of a system would best match participating in a climate demonstration in your city.

  A model is a simplified version of reality useba lm8cm5xla q9,ik7v6px95t d to help people understand complex 8m59x9cbqxa5 6ti, mkap7l lvworkings.
Identify which items on the following list could best be described as models.

I. The human body
II. An office building
III. The atom
IV. The solar system

  Figure: Two mesocosms for invesdh swo3/ odt ;(m +-dzyg0l8iytigating an aquatic food chain




Identify the correct description for the mesocosms shown in the Figure.What is Mesocosm 1?What is Mesocosm 2?

  Identify the statement about a systems diagram thcrxxb8 0 1c0niat is true.

  Figure: A simplified model of the carbon cycl2( l7efo3bs ise




In the model of the carbon cycle shown in the Figure, identify the flows or processes which increase the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

  Figure: A systems model for developing an environmental val;d9eb ioj+ burr7)ak) ue system





Identify which of the following best represents stage II in the development of an environmental value system as represented in the system diagram in the Figure.

  Identify which of the following is not tro)hf:h 9keha 4ne *2vyue of a systems diagram?

  Figure: Movement of c gg.rn;cz,7kvcu+ j+zf:e m+ qarbon through the carbon cycle





[Source: Saff, K. (2008, May 30). Filecycle-cute diagram.jpeg. Wikipedia Commons. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File
.svg. Copyright free]Distinguish between transfers and transformations of carbon on the diagram of the carbon cycle.what is l. ll?

  Figure: Systems diagram of a ;lu4naka;g 9+ st o5zctree

Deduce the processes represented by the flows of matter in the Figure.

I.RespirationII. Photosynthesis
III. Evapotranspiration
IV. Absorption

  Figure: Effect of sea level rise on the carbon sequestration of 77tdp5h jtm 8ba salt marsh





[Source: Adapted from Tanner, Katherine, and Aaron L. Strong. (March, 2023) Assessing the Impact of Future Sea Level Rise on Blue Carbon Ecosystem Services on Long Island, New York. Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4733. Retrieved May 15, 2023, from doi.org/10.3390/su15064733. CC0 4.0]
The model in the Figure shows how sea level changes in a salt marsh area could affect the sequestration (capture) of carbon in the coming years. Data collected over the years have been used to make a prediction on the rise of sea levels in the near future and how it can decrease the capture of carbon.
Outline the disadvantages of using models like the one shown to make predictions.

I. Models do not accommodate all the factors involved.
II. Models use data that may not be the most accurate.
III. Models are oversimplified for understanding and therefore misleading.

  Figure: Systems diagram of a tree . what it Input a)qc;1xnexd 7 ，Output ，Both input and ex;1)dx7qnac output？



Identify the inputs and outputs of matter and energy for a tree.
I. Water
II. Sunlight
III. Heat
IV. $CO_2$
​V. O2


​

​

  Identify which of the following is an example of transform 8*vep0jku)q/ 0cnnr sation.

  what is Positive feedback loops..n fvqt gy5.4g:sow 6b-.;Negative feedback loops...?

  State which of the following is likely to 2yimo95b n;my lead an ecosystem to a tipping point.

  Figure: Population densie qdht 569g2sdties of a predator and its prey




[Source: Adapted from Hczam (March 2020) File: predator prey.jpg - wikimedia commons A generalized graph of a predator-prey population density cycle. Retrieved June 18,2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Predator_prey_curve.png Copyright under CC0 4.0]
The Figure shows the population density cycles of a predator and prey. Describe the relationship between the two animals.

  ldentify which of the following options about feedbacmf al3 5d0 01vad7zp h-c;aarck is not correctly paired withrhdcm;1a5f ad -azcvpa70l 0 3 the example?

what is Feedback cycles; Example?

  Identify the stage in succession that is most likely to shod93o,da pl 27 u5qy,fe h7uc sihkp3/dw resilience and the ability to withstand changes.c 27uhdp l5a9hpodi3,,/yusdeq73kf

  Determine which of the followingz *8g2ijpflqw7f ru; w*s.0jg sequences is an example of a negative feedback mew 0z7j*fs8i.ugpl r2;j qfw *gchanism.

  State which of the following is not accomplished by an Environmental Im,2a,ki niss -/irgg2zpact Assessment (/ gkrg zii,ssi-2 2,naEIA).

  In a small wooded area, trees are cut o :8 -w55sv hzq5xe5lclts*st in rotation in different sections of the area depending on the type of wood and their growth rate. If the biomass of the woods is 20,000 kg at the start of one year and the following year it is 24,000 kg, calculate the sustainable yieldsqs5wl:ht z 58*xcvets -o55l .

  Identify the aspect that does not define :yhxs +u-qb/r sustainability.

  Which of the following would not fall under the classification of ecol,8* :0qdck:rnj6 nbrih1k+qnx6 fiii4 , xx foogical goods that can produce natur *cbok0 f ,+n8 6: :1x ,4xjrifkd6xrqihnniiqal capital?

  Figure: Our planet




[Earth illustration, sustainability, energy, Globe, Renewable, Earth, world, humanity, together, population. (n.d.) Pxfuel. Retrieved July 14, 2023, from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/free-photo-ehpza. Copyright free.]Explain the concept of sustainable development.

I. Any development in a country or society that will bring about the reduction of natural capital is not sustainable.
II. Sustainable development is to meet the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations.
III. Any development that increases the ecological footprint (EF) of a population is not considered sustainable.

  Figure: Environmental capac t:*e1/ ,*0vuy xxbz rnej*gtlity vs. resource consumption




Identify which following terms best describes the difference indicated by the yellow arrow:

  An EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment)*on72-e4 anoafzv pr ; is usually carried out before a major construction project is undertapon-rn;afzo e4 a72* vken. Outline the basic structure of an EIA.

I. Baseline studies to help monitor changes in the future.
II. Assessment of the social, economic and environmental impacts of the project in the long term.
III. Directions to observe indirect impacts of the project.

  Figure: Average per capi o pyacju4)o.:ta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014

what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ; Brazil (tonnes)?


[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total $CO_2$ emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Identify the option in which the factor is not correctlye(z5p (1 g d wt1k()m-yoocfeh paired with how it affect pme tg1(zyok5 f(w)c- o1h(des sustainability.
what is Factor ;How it affects sustainability?

  Identify the factor that is nott ,ltt3bf8 b7w9/uf wht3ry53z dcp:e a way to increase sustainability.

  Figure: Average per b oha/egtzpg389n1/o capita $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014



[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.
III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.

  Identify which of the following is not considems5h83qhib: ;i mx/ zered a pollutant.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollution vs. GDP per capita 20u,/e8bzuk5:scf1 s ,nljkooiejy (0919


[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
Using the Figure, identify which country had the largest GDP per capita (income per person) in 2019.

  Identify the method that is not a direct method of measd)dtwoz4 1t 2mb.sz.vuring pollution.

  In 1984 the Union Carbide plant in Bhopal, India, released vast amounts csq u q6pc(p4ht1o7p: of methyl isocyoc1 p4h(7pq: cqt6psuanate gas into the air. Thousands of people died in the first few days after the disaster.
State the type of pollution that occurred.
what is Source ;Effect of pollution?

  State which row does not correctly match the term an g/1e1fwc0yyqd the example.
what is Term ;Example?

  List the statements that are true about Dichlorodiphenyltrichlol44h pde7li r(b,o/i froethane (DDT):
I. DDT has saved millions of lives in the battle against malaria.
II. DDT is biomagnified along a food chain but does not bioaccumulate.
III. DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that has been used effectively as an insecticideI.

  Figure: Average per capi -ywie0s a y53hf)ue:qta $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014
what is Luxembourg (tonnes) ;Brazil (tonnes)?







[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]
The estimated population of Luxembourg is 640,000, while Brazil is estimated at 214 million. Using these estimates and the Figure above, calculate the total
CO2 emissions in tonnes for both countries.

  Figure: Levels of zinc in seawater at Palmira Beach jid7r) (qorm09z sg-t







[Source: adapted from Tovar-Sanchez, A., et al. (2013) Sunscreen products as emerging pollutants in coastal waters.
PLoS ONE,8(6). Retrieved June 1, 2023 from https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065451. Copyright under CC BY 4.0]
Some sunscreens contain chemicals such as zinc (Zn) that may be toxic to some marine life. The figure shows the concentration of zinc found in the seawater at Palmira Beach on Majorca Island over the course of a day.
Suggest the most likely conclusion that could be made from this graph.

  Figure: Death rates from outdoor pollutioh+9vpppq**d )t vxnp9n vs. GDP per capita 2019




[Source: Outdoor Air Pollution (2019) OurWorldindata.org. Retrieved July 30, 2023, from https://ourworldindata.org/outdoor-air-pollution. CC BY 4.0]
The population of Egypt was approximately 100 million in 2019. Calculate approximately how many people in Egypt died from outdoor air pollution in that year.

  Figure: Average per capitvj-)sm i ck9-cxhw 1d6a $CO_2$ emissions from deforestation for food production from 2010 - 2014






[Adapted from Ritchie, H and Roser, M. (2021). File: Per-capita-co2-food-deforestation.svg. Wikimedia Commons. Retrieved June 17, 2023 from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File.svg CC BY-SA 4.0]Suggest which of the following statements are supported by the information in the graph.
I. China and the U.S. had low $CO_2$ emissions between 2010 and 2014.
II. Brazil and Luxembourg had high $CO_2$emissions between 2010 and 2014.III. France and Spain had the same amount of $CO_2$ emissions due to deforestation for food production during that time.