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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the kmev2.6 s;-kd9ghslm l:,p nn T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, zzsf e1osd8 .6m6s;ml there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o23vu(v t v.ss/l*aliv9s kq0ne)ut 0kf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its orirj ,:b8(miota ginal volume with no change in its temperature. This pro8m(iao,jrt: b cess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isotherma8 jkd-o5aonuiv0 7tci0cd/+ a33gy k slly from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of 03o c-g7sc5 ki+ado ta 8nu3k0d/iyjvinternal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isotherma5w367l9bi*m gp:xe dsuc 4pdh8r xmx 7l process. The final pressure of the m*b7 674 ismrwg8lxdhdu5xec p3:9xp gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L.,. :fhnd6zb9 jn8lhea During this process, 6 Jajnnl,b.h:f6d zh98 e of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly comphzd634 br8x4qd.iqa 3wa x*poressed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process 36 b*wq4rx z x4ap 3qdi8a.ohdis

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ,d8 y )e 3. afk k*tllqpgcz-,ztb,l-cthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressedeac d41*d wt qh+z;pb7 to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressuz;pha7t1w d*ce4 bdq +re of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects exc- r657lremsmhc 1bd+1 7mgavx ept that one contains 15ad+7mb mcrsg1 - x hrmev6l7$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identicawfs5g /n/kx7 mxh6bx;l in all respects except that one contains xfk6n7x 5bsm;wg/h x/$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagrapvin,fmk rk)01x rs.,m is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change inli2y k(hg me*6

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics4 xpqm,uv)7-aa -(nkh n*lkb:kq khl 8, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. mc py3o4pgc-0tb5 /n y This process isbn/ -c t3 gomycp4y0p5

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred t -a2w-,zj dbnno a sample of ideal gas at constant prbnn- da2,wjz- essure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on *l4jf (- w h7s d :qorsgqmo8-jt))cshthe PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there z5 jzogy:.u ;0 6tecmfis no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyname ;1ju vtznp4 (a-zo;uics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container t-b5vk k (l6xmihat cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This processbkliv-6x m( 5k is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gricoazqy;r0t,0.hu ..ys47bkw g ,ahas at constant volume. As a result, tgci qk ,u.t y.oh;a0brr .yz0s4aw,h7 he internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics.mj 7(l9jy 2 sf5ilyzpk(24tiuxyqqd q3:g82k
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold ren c (ko3,jzdn,dd/ fk7b02z nhservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservccc9g* e/w7jn oir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accordingm,kz2ybmdhh-e.rgr5 ;y s4.3z ; op rb to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cyclwq+isdij 2)eqq; /qodjdm2.7e illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done /qq 2di 2j w+qo;.)7iejsdmdqby an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat enui9t q xb415 n3ixykej;4hsehb8z lo0x,3wk7 gine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine /2+v r xyyagib6p t*4eis to be 100%, the heat sink mus+gvetx6rypi ay/ b2 *4t be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofu 6.pi0jc1;h5bem(qdu9rq ja

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law ;9ep nw 9l8zsaof thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio nyjh+wb- 19u mofh+n9 1b-w myju

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio ofw-vpx,jmd r v*2ni4kghj m(-.

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the ent) a zp4oa0sp:j98b fobropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the secon5iykxfqa t4s ;mf+i7 +b9xd d:d law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated s+ 5dxxia47 mdf y:bif9q k;+tsystem, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamlq.j4wuqs .m1n+wq y:5w;xc tics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us tjqb (p (b ak4*m3dmc:qo conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J ofbep-* g d3,a :tjmlg5l heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the changelt -:bgpd5, jea* l3mg in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is remo8f(md g1;viizoqmxhs i5 z ,2(ved from an ideal gas. What is the work done ingziq( d,(2v;miszmi1xf 5o8 h the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isoth*z8o-wq 0lq qr,7l xqoermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal energy?8- lqqzl*o ,q7 0xorqw

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically80jn8lp ymez1 qhr b11vtp)s; . What is the change in internal energy o81pn;8sl1yret)0hzb1mp vq j f the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an ad)0x.n, kmpy:yu 1n*: d ffnfasiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in interna,* nf.)fnu a 0:k :1dyymxfpnsl energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, tn 7us)j y +a;viw4r)wvhe internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whatnu 4;viva yrj+)wws) 7 is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of af 41bitn4 hig. system decreases by 50 J. Whagn1.it4f 4ibht is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at hc6 -6j 5ieceyconstant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work j6e hy-c5ci e6is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant voluvg*dtz- mg/c 6me when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the sampv *d-/6ggtc zmle?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water i3 0xm2 emhs1qshzr;3at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What iqdakv *yhp, b6hcla /l:3rr8 t0/ xgt0q/ dgp6s the efficiency?:y vkxlr,8 * 6gpcb0/rl6hatp/3d0qd /tag hq

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and re2x0zur zf ;w2vceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it performz;r v ux02z2wf in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and rec) k*6w6ypvbaub+. rmc eives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat doespumrba 6 bkv*y ).6cw+ it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eac wpwwg k;3j (lnj5,4sdc7f4, z oxu.hch cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efj(clw,.7 53d4pnwfz, ckgj;suhx4wo ficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 k(d/yv 5inml7x cal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each cycle.v il md(57ny/x

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterist007lgepd 9wzgics: combustion c0plwe g7 z0dg9hamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterist1whk. y ya-:;5+ywmjj j+vyqoics: combustion chaj1ya-wy+ v;+.yo5m w qjhyj :kmber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so fx+s1- 7te. lc-( xvj-zusesfa ,fil)p ar has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatj z.-p is-+ selvffs71c- xte )ux,a(lure = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant genercj8; bs jxv1ep1b itl9f;q 2t.ates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electrixe/n0x obt.c 2c power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pl. b85wuiunyu3 ant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot ef-gz,qj-k3ir y).qbyk-i apzj e s0g* 7ficiency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating abg0 selep,1. g4/kb v7(je jobetweel0.7/ejakje(eg so vb,gb 1p4n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine iw)4dka/hr8-(k tmtl+eu o ,kkj2:fmcs 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the tempera w ukhk(k mtj)rk/ +o,4le cmadt8-2:fture of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatinln1 h/tpdg+7:z n(l bpg between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heas.lq ifz:s-xmceth9 xr:2.7 uq-b 5yat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and7u.z95xmbtxiqe af:q.shl2 :s- yrc - ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 9c 1gh bv7z 1fpwx3pp6kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cvb196g z1cp p 3ph7fwxycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator e 259nc( 5rvk)uz.2lb b udcqzvlk w5+absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat toc.bu5 2zn v)kek52 rqb(c dl9 zl+wvu5 the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy 3ar/ uc4k.j ctwhen 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entrtc v7+ k pwue5b1hj/jpceh ko2o 2us21p(x.g9opy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an iqxueci9b; (n )sothermal expansion and its entropy changqin b9cxe;) u(es by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at pegvzk2y;4 o . -xamond10-hk$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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