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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V g (,xe +52 em stia 5bi1er-7aqysxc;orraph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there s mle3no.. :,vdo bid6is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,bo9g elgr).vgn(i a. : $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no ch4uk, pfk j2q9qange in its temperature. This process ijuq2 k 4kpf9,qs

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed ic5yr hqcn9*se+9azycsqi. 2ah xr9 ;2 sothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism tnrs xy9rcca y2csa;+2z9 qh 5ih*eq.9hat compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its: tnnli0j5 q*p original volume during an isothermal process. The final presspql jni5n*:0t ure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally froz9 o 7apcvp0o/m 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the voo0ca/zpp9 7 following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly com*4aqvj pm-8x whl,ce8 pressed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surq *jew alpc-xhv84,m 8roundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyqfv,c ,acar( *namics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is cobe 3h0(fwvx3 wzmr piu)xd e fx10:;0pmpressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabat 0v b)(er1f 3e0 0h3mxwzxpiuxdwf;:pic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all resvm*6g+wqmrak r)t )u. pects except that one contains )vmagq+*t )rk6rmwu.$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except thapc7rj0 rr,yi; -yh3i nt one contains yiprr, h3ycnr; 7ji-0$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on dix0 v b))fo1(nz.dsxthe PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change d3 q h -)bl6t12.d ow)kdwe.pzys .lqpin

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o39 d u;9pceacnf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressd+h pex. )0mjfure as heat is added to it. This process is+ jd.0fe )xhpm

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas g 9,ys27wi sk9l:kj)te4w p fbat constant pressure.fl:ksgb ,s 7j99e) wi4t2ykpw As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV fz,h9u: eh1 zz-ly9imdiagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, themvd1p08f:( hqtla/9 l vis8( qzadqg.re is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic ciuijj* 1b(vt8w8 y9xs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid c4)ei2t cda8mg4z-qw:* ay hai ontainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This process ih4c q8iaeta: - m*w)2izag 4dys

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at p c:o3wt// 2ei yj; ae9mcqpa:qp*so+constant volumq9//wey josp:a*a2 pcm ieq:top 3c+;e. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of tamkc f7c.dhq 0:s 21oehermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer 1t*uc.xslumfi z7 4+j heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold rel /us:/: cj6mjudb(la3j kg5cservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accorc )lidsd ze+j5kbrf88k d/i7 (-v 1jshding to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycloh pphv:ud8 7rqutkv ;mo(a2i42n0 .le illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is q ovnv4 8turpuk2; h 0i(alpm.7d2oh: done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defcxwan02-+ gumzs4 /rc ined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is 0 k. x2,fnvwcrf 2//zmvuzu v7to be 100%, the heat sink murn .c 2uk v2/zzuxfmf /wvv,07st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consie 4.fanem+ubxn6 q)v1sts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck sta1xpw3 bw ) 4yauqse4m9tement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator eqo2z)ctm: 6ais defined as the ratio oe2 q6ao:tmc z)f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defip1,on yy+mch9ul+ 7rxned as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the watepl9tw) g 3g.xqr

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermoaidq:z t;*i-8gb qnt 6tt8 9uwdynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choicetd8gta*:i8wb-u9z ;6 qt nq tis applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamig.tik9 wc7( 9+y.r5s7vttc/rdr soo mcs.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leadsdivt0z5f*e-lok3 9w ok1 mu,a us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Whath ysa7h( bplgr 2 b+9 ge49p4ejbu;+er is the change in internagee ;4gb+29lsy4h(9j u b ehp +brr7apl energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fah5y cy419sr wx:t,vhrom an ideal gas. What is the work done wvcsy9ar:5y1txh4 ,hin the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system inl 1uxsnbx// nr2e:p(t an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in inteltx/exn p/( 2br:1nsu rnal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing xnhx1.gu p 5f/a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of tu1xgx f.n/p5 hhe gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while do/zm; i4j* z8wwglbnup9 m)wo 1ing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal 1jw nwuo;wpm im/*g 4z89z)bl energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the inter k5r4pz z8seh;a k2f+pnal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What iskzr8h+ 5e4zp ;k afp2s the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric processz)c2rykl .q5 o 2bhqr7, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchange?5q)b7z2qkr c y.rho2l

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume asd.h oeswd; 97s it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accos97sh.d w oe;dmplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cool-f-r, ybmu fz3ed by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the samp fr-u-3,fbmyzle?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.bk o0w-k6vn6e lx2w.t 0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J inz mzmwjp/hc8t2/ 51w 0oeiq/ o each cycle. What is tmwj io2/ct5 w0z /8hope1zq /mhe efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an 3 *,rwqnw,h0a7u ch l;tg2dmyefficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much word ;,h7,hlq3t*n2 wru0camg yw k does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycl f*:njds3/9 ics. ep kwpl78 xe(unms,e. How much heat does it e nfsswp9iu mnde,c3se(7.lj/* 8pk: xxhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kc2b l -uqyiik:i6(-kp s.2tyciks9n:i al of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency i -qby9 kiti l2nuk:cpsk-:y2si i (.6of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of h6je+vapqfxx2 ;ndtl*1 nw4m- eat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done eacd- x2 ;nq1aeltfw6n+vj x*mp 4h cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient euysz2+nh tcl5j8 um 8/l2osv4ngines built so far has the following characteristics: coms/mczvl828+o 4ys un j2lhut5 bustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followingo/ 5,f8c vjmco k6rce8 characteristics: combustion chamber temperaturer8 oe cm5 /cjvf,86okc = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginesq8 r *fw3i qvn1slz-6ape2 gf0 built so far has the following characteristics: combustionrzvqs 1pg2al fe0 6f inw*q-83 chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Theof,7 . pmzfqy d8v8q bgau4l55 plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The planvvqln(xkb / /(t uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. xk rm2 um:tc)jct.a+4The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an enginekxg ryjcdw h 8p9:rw3q) odhn +-olh5y:+kq16 which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operati bpx9+bdbdpfr / m)9:eng between / p9mddb)p:fbxb re9+$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. jly8-jmo ,d8dxwpw7w; q9x98 s1qa urWhat is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temp8sawmdj,99r-x l7 qq;p 1wxjwo8 yd8uerature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betf6e4 ej 5p/i.htwj hy1ik8+y p(ts5sa ween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the tns(x1upd fx:jm. k/0 freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a p0m.s/jkn1 t f:xxu(d room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of eaw o i30(zpha .0s ;o2:hghww20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. oh;:w3z w.pags 0woahe(2 h0i What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operat)tg 2,pyeemfne7q/ co t;ov np162h x;ion, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in e qp ;)7,xcve;6p/e1eoto2hymf t ngn2ach cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 5-bk*ue+ 7 yfs5vu9f. maoi zv8ut-qr:0 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in enie0akg jucl4vmb qa cy.9(2hr1,j,+etropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entrop7 ge.ek8.ai w wlf.zc68 leai.kew7 zgc.6w. fy changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at zj8 i:km7. ekd$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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