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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown onav2hf cfz*...fdf ij1 the T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, thiak7a-k.0ou j8 v nn1tere is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermj c ;p r1;rbgjoewx.1(odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temperatu*jq3a6gfi fi rg/for9(b/) elre. e*f) lijrqfo(93g/b r6afgi / This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally frj o,2wsi hbr -cz1 dsv0f :-.w*cfn8d6(lobsbom 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechf1 f 0h bc*:d,nsis wvcj(o62ors .bwz- ldb8-anism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original vol3w89ubismk90n kbn3t 0 sx/fg+wnpq)ume during an isothermal process. Tb+9 0fn/)qkws93u i3n mx0t8bw ks npghe final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, rax2klk 441y u6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statemenr4 1xuy4kalk2ts is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an zxz lq9+ rjq34yk jly1)c.iv2isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This pyy1rk39li2l . jzqj )4q+xvcz rocess is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynh- kce*v(pp t5m d2i1pamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an ad*sx f5buu0-/ syj-dlyyuggs70h0 e6 oiabatic process. The final pressure of the gag6 -s u0ys*h0/ ly7ugo50suxbd j-ey fs

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all re21dk mi9hb+7l6ran qdspects except that one contains dm2ha n 7kq1 b9+lidr6$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one c1s*ilyw v3dhl+o/e-i ontains*/dhsew-y oi v+i3ll 1 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on s,:pn3pi)7 q7ty vefathe PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no eg 1rf*rfpi8 j;rwod-svt*1 6 change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of 40 bremt:gzx .thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant prky 1h3s2j8vd 0s x3/ os moddgspx./5 aku9;whessure as heat is added to it. This proces;/.m8xdy2ho1 ao k5sdsk v 3sg du9/0wjs3xhps is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferredh ioj: x8 d xrr.timj.s+)5i vj*a+8oa to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result5)j tiv:oi8jr+.*mxhr8sx. o i+ adj a, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagramb*0w g-nzxr ,w is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, thkcv ;d 3ote mf:ad.2v7,fg+ ziere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo4xe;,rwwa uc6dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expan *,j:zugo5a emd as heat energy is added to it. This progj5um ,:oa ze*cess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas x pi *w* 5vy.j a/d yw:m:wcw7x6b6oevat constant volume. As a result, the internal env .jexo6vmx :cwb5*/w y6d :7*iwpwayergy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyisc1 hvcz0t62namics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir :do6 )vv3vk)7wfjlc wto a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoic lf.w hold,r-,0;of cr to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clausb) k07 u goiw*l-sgn8hius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Duru 7yc+k *v tjwul8hd((ing one cycle, how much work is done bycv(* +7yk8 wujtuhd (l an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is definbfky3gd/low -a03:yved as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine xwo52tm;dzy, ,h v3e kis to be 100%, the heat sink must be,2odev5k,3 whtx ;zmy

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consisths;;yhx lf4(as r*n2htf/ase5/fm ) o s of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planuh+7x lvu f:v ,zs2e/uck statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of ar17s,qei, rir mt 6*pa refrigerator is defined as the ratio om7* a6ip,isq,tr er 1rf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) ofx h 3(yqyzy-9e-c0b yduo) g92njg(jj5hx ;ta a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wate. sunjv/8j y)3mcyy u.r

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second . nrkg;vfiu0 88lnt -ylaw of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an i8.0nfg8-lnk ;i tu vyrsolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law o9og i 4bovgi1ijn*)h-m s39rkf thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamiu4-gqwelu3j4odj1/ 4ejc or 1cs leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat ilzk7q6mdl va5 j ei-3r82 /ptgs removed from an ideal gas. What is k / l6rjmg-3lqpd8e5tz72 viathe change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.3t) .xmyfcujmn)d q8j g(,tp/0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the proc)cyt./ 3juntg x)q( mm d,8jfpess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas systeyuem jo dg p9 -o65ybo,o8s;5vm in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in iuoopmogj-o;v56y,eb 8d y 95snternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a2d8.uzy jx4c j gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the y.xj2dcjz 8u4gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing ab t* 1rg:+wtm25 J of work. What is the change in internal+tw:r1b a*tmg energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a fb22ygq 60y g5zph0a u;qeymn1k w.:hsystem decreases by 50 J. What is 2qpbn wmgq62u:.z ha y5; 0k0ye 1fyhgthe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whady1czkfb,dp)u0i /y7 t is the heat exchange?p7fdcub /yd ,zi0k1)y

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintain2fe *pf 4l d+-hnayx9med at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is doen x*9mp2+l yf-a4dh fne by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled jefe : ii8lhggw**4h,by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How manihl*eg: ef ,*i8w jg4hy moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water at wszs6+ hin+v-wc/th;$80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is tvwe uga+ -a)o9he effici+va)ewa-g uo9 ency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receinum7, pv tx11o:mlt;kue yd*)ves 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work;t1y1ovp 7ummxdk t,u)e*: nl does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 1lt0xzrjf wyz-yz 2to* 45 y6f+cz ;v0hiyu6g -50 J of heat per cycle. How l42tz zr+-;j0zxytg0uyvcw- foy5 yf 6z6i*hmuch heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heaiu;uyuq 6 :z *(scb-xvgmn(u 2t each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate(znuxgvu-(su 2 u;my6b*i :cq the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts1g jou2m9vtw(2ua; x/ pqoz41onn0ey 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each cyaztn1uuo4 29mpw/(oo1q ;0 v yxj2gnecle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chbeo6 .yc wx::laracteristics: combust blox:w:y ce6.ion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most effib+ e h/vr+nr;wcient engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion vewr;+ /hrb n+chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follo8grxr8e:z jj6 ;a (klwwing characteristics: xg:86z jrar8j(wlk; ecombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plante ;uxyg+ 14wti uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pjfm7afwusq9;(b 3o 8 slant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600bsb43miszn:-a z t9 e4q9 h+lc MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficien)1-o bi-n r-sbdjl4)azx; bca :ox:d icy of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for nw gl/ 0+ejp:fv (xrx*an engine operating betweex w/xrl+0 vj(:ef *gnpn $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot g pi ;17cj t 00lfvi(0czxuz0z* l8czzengine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir igz(tv; p x 1700cfi czlz*uzz0jc0l i8f the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betw)2wv*ws*g omvff c) bb7an (vv6,p8qkeen $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the ratv5bm+(ys 8l rhu/agk,e of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cy+58 br yg /mhva,sk(ulcle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 23y z7ap7 l4fcvzwidjb 35en91a sqp) ; 6ie)cc0 kJ and ejectci5pin14sz)aqee776d cjlcb z3 pw9vayf 3);s 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operatio k +l33vose5m +.bm4 psovq3urn, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required inoob3m+ lr k4mvvspseq53 u3. + each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy whe:8 6hg v4ehnu ahcgt2s*rx5,in 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the ch2 pxw3 8c erno,::uypo96)j-icl ckjdange in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal 7kqt, w5 vh gdtd-la;2gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy change57q dl d ,wtgvt-h2k;as by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at mz.c+aib e.*p$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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