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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-Von:qwfxe13) ll+6 cmn graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, thery;4 qpko 16fkl ku;mw7e is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therm:g5nkta -4z drodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its originalj59w0 t;17*f5pgxqv n wovm qq volume with no change in its temperature. This proq;vmjgw ox1tw95f5q70q *p vncess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is comprlb7e4m jof-c lz)hk *( ,mlvk2essed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. -cmlj27fkl*o(kz4hm ,bev)l What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume x (3z )p0)vkdak* 4:uwpkdzn ,bbtic5during an isothermal proceu(),d:45kkz ) bpcp n *abvd k0xtw3izss. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6cpx/ g 91l3akn J of energy is expended by the external mechani9/nck 3a1glpxsm that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compr8m /m, 8 pnui 4nj -fbptb0r)vjzwe;y(essed in an isolated environment. During the event, the ganemi;/ztjr 4j8pv (0b 8 fu,pnw)m-ybs exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynaui-/l5 gezn0 a7ezf-cmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume durek 16:r7;5l(gcbo (e wj:waxj btcc6 aing an adiabatic process. The fintcar wc;e:ojg6xc ae 7lb wbj(1 :56k(al pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one conpvwf b 9/af33gfyffi/ r72t/qtains pfywr7/ vff/i93 3qffag/ t2b $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas iden rz0 l h)c-43pwye -s8glyyf9a;k-lx uq;gxz5tical in all respects except that one containsw0 r-hk- 5;lpayx4 8 zlysf-)cg9 ly;3gquzex $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the Pva )gidw e(r5*V diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, therefg, wk i)8l2 1dzgod)e7suqfck8u:,w is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod ;.ps1:xp eruxynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Tuf0rbgvd:,l n )v.gf.his pro .lu: v.r ,b0f)ggnfvdcess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of c w4izohe+ 6 4rihi.v5ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resw4cirhv 5i.+6oh 4izeult, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV bfy-6,d4hn fqf q5(zc diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, thtav;m (1u;0 uqsnb r0zere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o-; y5p5wc(fqd4r xd yj tt.7xef thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigit o52 6, dsf:hde .azxuuzwn5)d container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This pro 5z5)2ddaut,6 hw.u:fzo sxe ncess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of idealf3 1 v47jl:m s.k(pbsumnh1ay gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy of . :b7alk43(f1s hy spuvnjm1mthe gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodxe+4b e8ml- rzynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer g-xk tj) 8:rtwrvce:y 5 84zuzheat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot r9j b sbl-f-6lneservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law r;n japg-.0dh of thermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Dr1iw 7 lgx*)waf oz/ige2)vy.uring one cycle, how much wo.r)i2/ a*wf1xy iggze 7vwol)rk is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is define5.8iw(m oe( k.bic jxhpb-la;d as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine ip nxdz b3)me j(z6t21cvr,1ujs to be 100%, the heat sink mus2prz 3j untj(1 1eb ,dvm6xc)zt be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofv9t;;3 b,rjr+rfgx de

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statemenhah5 9-tjs71yczct b0v/ xmm 0ff hzj) m140plt of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP)9mi,(vj51 ,q8c p;ywnt wluz5jz3m ru of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio opzuw5q (l t;jy195uji ,3cm 8zvr mwn,f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is definenquab-fk dl;r*;*;:vo w . qbhd as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the watw tk k 1v3er:m22lvu6oer

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process thatp.9 tj kdz(,iazy.f3pd+ p sc; may occur within an isolated sysaf3 dz.9;+itps( pd, jpz .ykctem, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second l5 0ovgxwx6*yw8hms8law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of then-g.r +h/eivu* jo mn2rmodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process,*7tw- 8:;9jet mxqk6ar g7oijg 3qglt 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is jgka 8*o39;t7 t gqqiemxr 7g:t- ljw6the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an idezwg:j ): dc ydrk.n,4d8b *vaual gas. What is the work d:.bz ,uwdvdaknd8: j4)cyg *r one in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isot; dljxdnpguizep (6 8*:(c 6bbhermal process is -400 J. What is thelddj6p( uix ;:*b(geb6 8nzp c change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas ajeq,9:dqz5 z yb js/-kdiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the q: z /-ezjkd9ybq5s,jgas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What -ohp 7n 3-uq;dlrx1w0v gnk, eis the change in olw-g,kh0 npuqxer -d73n1v ; internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric proce si7n.u+6 vhrzgi 9xl*ss, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is 67rlinvgih s. +*x z9uthe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energysc,mqna4 4+ kt;y4 8aomf8ozn of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat excha 48ma;kf8 ms+a4nn ozty4coq,nge?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at const4e8k/:o wmnoh v-c3rct *q.hmant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat cnot:/rh-4q83vk. me cw*mohis accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at ch-5 lpgr 2f.3h16xw fnum/qxv onstant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gasp3/ 6-g nxvw1uh 5qlxfm.2frh are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg o jbc6:k3+nb )eg +ylpzf water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J os7 +o ty;net.bf heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is t; os.entbty +7he efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J xwam63t s v1dx:a7r*bof heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in d7* x1mbrast63vw x:aeach cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an eff9d-e k i 6q(a0xsmvyd)iciency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much hd-)x 069ek(q mydvia seat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and ey(oqoy3:r7 e mui-lc6xhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of:q 3 lryyoom7e6uc(-i each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhlf41a())jj8avt amvb austs 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each8)ab j)at1l j(fvam v4 cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the fooy w(v*i /cj*qllowing characteristics: combustion chamber temperatu(ow i cqj*vy*/re = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient en) zjci(l -7cxxgines built so far has the following characteristics: combustio(cxi-jzx7 ) lcn chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following c:n:(egfiib pulc)* i;9n.d a pharacteristics: combustion chacb da (fl: u*;nn)egi.piip9:mber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powe6ry0 oaaj o5+nr. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. auk, 4-1glxd f)nwb osxq0-1 kThe plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric poweg/k 41l sx +7x0c,hm+*y* iygtmognzer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates be4si* k*miwcox/ fnx70x;m q*ptween $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine *i8o4+jkbks a+myy9 y operating between 8b y+kskyoa*+ 4mji9y$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine (4ga7 l). yl r(jfx-ahv7qfc w2pvd,a is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reservowf7c7p4.yvvd-j(fahqa argl ) l(x 2, ir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betw3 ,v9k3ldpsag v /(7t4ox6ibho ,oerm;z*znqeen $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 k6feg1l8m.iau )q8a smJ and ejects 1e gaal m)6sm 8fu8qi.24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate i- d/omr cedgyz(r.rh,v207c of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of perv/re, o.7ddgm2cyh0 (rr ci-zformance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerat*sy 5j5p.m-mlvud +d oor absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How jpm .do5 syu5-m +v*ldmuch work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entc 8wqroc+4d t;ropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entro+:+t, xf(p/mpv 8fk 5obyc teypy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at vrgu40*6u c8ahkibi, STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes i0hk au *8iucv4g,rb6 by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at t2rez3g4 atk;$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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