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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the g5 gly,.c pid0T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is nol( m n38m0c hmm mi8rux2ad5n, change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyngnd( tp;rc,d0 un/ y+lamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its h.0r;oeaq:e *pk3f 5 caic7qcoriginal volume with no change in its temperature. This*.aa7 eeq pkrq:0ioc ;cfh5 c3 process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compre d,-kgw5yj7pz:x9 jojssed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. jd9-pw5 j ,jzx: k7oygWhat is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original vo6*r:ys c n*g.;wlfmdm wj7+sxy8vbq 3lume during an isothermal process. The final pre6 d vw7wln+jyc;3* .b my *qssf:mxrg8ssure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isotherma .ys4;qjpq(c rlly from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of enjqrp(s qc4 y.;ergy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, theiz nns-mw;bb7*.k*lt gas e*n-b*sk zi n 7tbwlm;.xchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamiz ttw:rn9: ,:whjq q s63v-ywucs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half itujo7 2lg;uzg/s original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of tu l;o 2uzjg/g7he gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in g -f9*.2ztdstpmgp9:2kle dsall respects except that one contains z9:m 2tk -gtsd. 9sdl fpp2eg*$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in a 5e+dfivh ;ui4ll respects except that one containsif4vd5eui ;h+ $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV d*d x6yp4w.cow )g.ykoiagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, therou3+i dp6 awj7e is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic5l)rc8h8z3,rniw k ,w /l8xcfpkkwd 5s, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is xq/ e(u2u4oro added to it. This procesuu/ or2oex4(q s is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gasm,3wf wyw4lm5go 4v zt;,o*g /d7rxty at constant pressure. 7 zwofx4g,,w vro345t*mw d mgtyyl/; As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the 5(24pl+k xpe7fwf vnx PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, tzc y xvnr7i /y5b1:,ychere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermozx9wdu r)qjwt xk) .()dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as5otscu0 ku*s 4o*bqhz.g9 x5a heat energy is added to it. Thix9 b* qou gh5k0.a5suc*4st ozs process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal ga+2t-u1 nn bz2ip8rrv,xl;)topbphu 2s at constant volume. As a result, the internal enernp;itu tb1 2v2x l ,p8-2oz+pn)hrburgy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of 4tzp kmkx7(n9( zviq2 thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transzel meuz m(vp ,2c*g97fer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat ixjxm5:o7x*.py;rn4 l l1gwgfk g32qfrom a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accordi;cuvsu ez2x+1 ng to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Durir4 h31fg bic 6u4p)cceng one cycle, how much wcb)c63ipf4cg14 hr u eork is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is i huiu-(8z31g gw 1bmddefined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%4xrjk 7h+sjz85e 7 qpd, the heat sink must bj8+psd5k7eh z4 qxj7 re

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consinell9 ucd)c8h4q4pzt;l7me/ / sl *j xsts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of theree9oz fq4b6.t modynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of o +ifzjc to/5;a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o+ zi; jfcoto5/f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump iu4-zfg2yq :;i u bkkv.e f7a(zs defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, eb1he jom36 h j)ahs;oigji,) 4)zj3c the entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occut( sij l0l;/vh)fc2d y+m x8u0(6bwsqr sa+oqr within an isolated system, which one of the choices appli80s+ tl0vdi;2( )ju/wlsrqh s+(b o yq xmac6fes?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement o*gt5 tawgms;y0 1irkzhx /+6 yf the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamioqt5 9mwk-;z lcs leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an iddfhm xi0,;y)vfu+) b ieal gas. What is the change in internai,;f y))hibv mx0+f udl energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an id5 u rulj90u6ro8 2faaweal gas. What aw958fuur0o al6 2urjis the work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermayz l*x( q.+ nshos*)khl process is -400 J. What is the change h.s*xoy ) (nzklh q+s*in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What iss8twhp ifh,c6sbn (10 the change in internal energy of thtbw(n psifc 01h,6h8s e gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of worm915yp7:r0a u lassqlk. What is the change i901sa usqyl:r7 m5 alpn internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the interngags -r5qj4q0al energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the rq4aj50qgs g- work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, tnd -ggey)o)q1 f fgl (du88j-lhe internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the hl)lnfe8y- qgo8f ) j1gdgd( u-eat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a x.vu3rd gms:.)m ti7a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is coole7.a vs)3um.: irgd xtmd by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy7vk,rcb- ca/m is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the sampl c7bac/r-m,k ve?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg(*k4le 8s7mxlf zt/yxx mw6;b of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 30y a: ;zvweq-.g2ryygl0 l8- zx00 J in each cycle. What is the efficiel-w8v-y2rzegz0 lxgqa: .y;y ncy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an ef r7fccm8l r0m5ficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perfmm7rlr58 cfc0 orm in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an od/k ko4 tf424 okueh9/vp hq0efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaus 09ht44h4ook e/o d/vk2qkupft in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 nt-) 679det86u2kyantoywx r kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate 8nayt7ewn6y 92)o uxttd-r k6the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculaax zh v*zl.onps(x-p (; fumf 2:sx5+hte the work done each cycl2mxvp-f p ; 5*:nz+x(fzo.( hhusslaxe.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followipa: +(msvm63ba 8 r d0glf0ofhng characteristics: combustion chamber temperaturdsgf0 a3r8 fp6:(a b0movlh+m e = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most effic1i7e- j6oqg;uo vbk)zient engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatuevu6-iqo7kj1) z;o bgre = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient hz ic(ii5,l1m engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature zci5im,1 l (ih= $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elech 1p*xh(jh t57ao0w- u(o rtlztric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The2jqm3 ag cbnel )l6g35 plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant genegtn ofqfm3ve/* m57 /crates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot effuk 8w( o1zk kk,qqji,kd4 s67dmuf)3xiciency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating be c-p7.tdl8vdcyi;)f58r1ee cp-w n bv tween d c.c8rfw18eb ;ycv-)l tvd -5nep7pi $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is f+91ixot p /tw35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the +1f itotw 9/pxtemperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweom qb/ 9wqh4p9en $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment a t ynqxipuio.:-h;6r )t the rate of 20 kJ and ejects n6: o-itip qx.y)hur; 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartz;6 c;o gmv/hmment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the ;;v6moh/ m zcgcoefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat f6ehy/q.lf y.o*b ;-weukun5s ) rww3x rom the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cyc)eqbfk-w/xr6o . y lww5s*n .u 3uh;yele?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change iw-nwl(l 3whw(3ka f:xn entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entropy x7mof:8zazatf o*lz 8y6bh: e) c,zy;is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gabz4, lm d.6(uf:ablbls at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropz(ub .bld6bf4l l,:ma y changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 6 +q2l sa9dlyr$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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