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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is ab-,s*,wx mopzwhw 9plt:3b q) n


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no changeo (ioj*hq7daoy5 +u 1ci.fcy ) in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, 1vfizjd -6eknd*w pp4q :hc,3 $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume wit oo7.biji0/lzg kc+ p4h no change in its temperature. This 07jcikopo4 .l/bgi+zprocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isotherdj/ fu .p4(caz;csn:bz:qdr3 mally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is af ;rn3 :z4dquzcc/ d:bsp(.j the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one- 81br +q (c*jmrf2ayvc; h4jvyhalf its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of the g8hv* +jry2 cfmqj1brcav4y;( as

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During thiszjo).j 3 v)jbiam+d*w process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the followingja )dbv3iw zj).j+om * statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed inv36/amgm 9(sruytj +eyamsxt v w, :6* an isolated environment. During the event, the gas6/avt m3vyt syw ,rs6jxg( 9m*: ema+u exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsyvo+ i7t7* zxyg 6;ohj, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is ci4i)/ p-onsvwu68q n8 z7p gjeompressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The f )6jn e qsw/-n84pivz7 upo8iginal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that onqt1 6cp k+cdghpzg5rt2++ a 2ne contains pzcntk1p+gc 25+6 aqtdhrg2 +$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects ead3(pltcv i so3y20u7(;oepuxcept that one contains a2 s7dpp33eoulyio0;v t(u(c $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown onr.s-b3e7pti3 qvl: z*0qtpj s the PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, tht z(,mk m4lkm.ere is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo coo 9e*gm+(ngg-av8tdynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. :t79 jok 6 zt.tr7zdeg This procee6zzt d9jt 7o.:gk7 rtss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are tryi xol5k(7p;a ansferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a resuli;xk5yp( 7oal t, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on they8 cjgkm3vdg 9d(bvi x3nx7d t ;22ou; PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change in ,c 83ekjl 8rztm88ouayvqa0 /

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therw :co+(m / l6yw5 tzk3wzqk-rimodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expgs* f 3c: ny*vp+cx:anand as heat energy is added tgyapxc vc3n:* +f ns:*o it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas 1iq: u og;1xcfat constant volume. As a result, x cf :oiu1q;1gthe internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamicskv7qg ck5:ien8*r0qkvo + b7z .
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reserv.yb-dn e*bsyc 5 4prr.oir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer h, 6vx ceitq ,iqpf n+ i)bwcn;)6q.wn(eat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according tot u-6 mv9)f8tc crk(ge Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During /vnx2*; 56j wy wazop2vzm5ml one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operatinjwvn 5 alx*yv22mwp5; 6zmoz/g on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined ajxt3/wbi- h y2w55inis the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the hem (2tec7j8 (wr mz:uacat sink must be:mer(7wa(c t2u8zm cj

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists o:m5u;/pu1w e6j3m o f5lash es 5y2gkgf

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermbg fbjb 8c3(8nodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined ad8a76 r ipi5m txfy27hs the ratio oa2 ydt i 8h7mp5firx67f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio ofsgz 3 fl3zig 3(81fokb

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, na1b :)4f kpy(fnrkb 6pi1uh2the entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any :ytnbc * gj:1yh7:cg x;/*wmuhjc5ql process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices applies *:/ qnxjcl;1mc wjc7hghb:t*5gu:yy?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the ned*t3j kh- oftfi3/8 second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodyn5a.sl32 - :jjipiifglamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of healgc8deku; 7b0fc89j em 0*mtnt is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in e7egmc 8kd*0fl8 c;0u 9j nbmtinternal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is ro:39z jbq06l-) nd :zocntzfd(k d)frd ,eef4emoved from an ideal gas. What is the wor 0:(9n:tbecz3f-6o) )rq,4 ffdjzld dkdzonek done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermdm0xl : joe*n8al process is -400 J. What is the change in int 0 8:xnoedml*jernal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. Whx+nex8f 9/rs qat is the change in internal ener+ rexxqs8/nf9 gy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while 14dklq4 fh(lx )vahq7 doing 25 J of work. What is th4hll( aq 7xqdvh1f)k4e change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procud 8.q3nv3fidess, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Wha in dufd83v.3qt is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process,vmrngg q: +9v0 the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the he g+g0qvm r:v9nat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is mvjy1vu is/uyp/p 5)h(g ;vt* vaintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This f;h)u pvvvg*/pu(s i5v1y jt/yeat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J7ghbb:w3 c ;6bvvbpr+ of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are ighb6r3 p7b+bvw;:b v cn the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of ws29xgz jf.)o)m512 lq f/lbj w-jgcfwater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 Jk;2 sg(8j wasj of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the effic8ks s(g;jja w2iency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.025cg z *x0t- m)b-lb njp2cnkd% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How5j*2g2c n)mnz-tk p-cdb0x lb much work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives sy)k(z,p2n;u mn6jxc 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhauspn kmjnu;,()x c ys2z6t in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kc(7zm8o0 gk;,gvxoye d 1 (hveg:pqo2pal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency ofvd8q pgo,ghm k:2ygp7;v01oe (z (oxe each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 k:undg st-)8rl k-vk8ncal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the worsd: -)nkktgn8vu l8r- k done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so xq8ecd c9,5pff,uvz)far has the following characteristics: combuvu58 q cfp9,c,e zf)dxstion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engineagj3oc( /z7vw zu:h ;mwa0z3ns built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber g3mcaow37( vznjw;/a0 zu h:ztemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follx x3b y i-f8sjdoo)db3iia47h,d 6xd2owing characteristics: combustion chaf83-di dboxh 2as x),iid4o 367jdxybmber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generate,b6e o7n kd1nevt8 v uy.e)4vks 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pla8t s zozzqqa+y.*j.5zqkpmk 9d2+k t)nt uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant /dce051+1wqf ee qxi oq ki)k3uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiukwec fa4579j.884 *rlyxrhzx2 wlsiency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoru;ybxq1:3 . r;qjl cfbetical efficiency possible for an engine operating betweex:qbc.fu1; l;j br3 yqn $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engtur )s;h4b 68f4r+h9b rdktkfine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir89shd46)utk4+ ffbk rr ;t brh if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operattp 8 kbn5h ,7uo7egw/ning between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing co5:zk;l8e4z fylhbkc3h v7* rgmpartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each 48fy5kbel*z 7g3zch: vrk l;hcycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at tsp8+t08j k9hbxr :elqhe rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a rotephx lsk89+rj:08 b qom per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the l w/s8 - mw .l/1lnz1 mou)lkk5knq1vafreezer l 81kmsm5nk .k/) w/l vaquwlln 11-ozand expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in ent 9.-miy xwv:gjropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entropy i(u+qmpdt9 bm3s

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal g8shs9jmg4b /;71pkkv hp7cp g as at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changeshgshp;8ps 7g4k97jpk/m bcv 1 by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at o3xw- f3-mh ls$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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