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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gf3i jgh2)8q w )q)bdzb,qfp l)em- ld7raph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is2w5 rb l7iq+4mijy7( 7s4 ykzhkmhqo / no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, w3cdo*oz/ w m98r 5ixm$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its originahkv ecwpk,9uaj .g:lt4 x 9t/+l volume with no change in its temperature. This prougvwc+t.elkx:khpa , 4/t j99cess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. Durtk a5/ 082e73lw dvccrvuf:yling this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. elvc :57a/ c8 rt20vywuf l3dkWhat is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compvll c w88we,,rressed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of t8ve 8 wr,lwlc,he gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L tos l649hqs, qlu ah5w-j 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following sasqj , 9hsllh64-uw5qtatements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. Durinzwiwpuru c12;cv+ a; (0o )lwwg the event, the gas exchanged no heat0;w(;l+rvpwic2wu cuzoa) w 1 with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,oxrs3hz) y4 m0hq3 pg4 $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its oq 5h:ovwi;q1 cm6:fabriginal volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of t:6o q:1q;i5 vfwha cmbhe gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical 2/e7l1c xuy ffzaor .:in all respects except that one contains xo.yazf 21 uce/ rl7f:$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical)18n( p a3dcshxx(r,aec ufnaw9sq: ty t(l5 9 in all respects except that one containsad9n9es3 :h, usxtxqp()cf yt(wl5a a nc8(1r $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on3 ximnwq jop - ;(ux6d75yic2i the PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, thelc56sij 6 hmft,7k+ dzre is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ofu.;udl4a,b:u7 aqtump9 d s(p thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expagl *dvzif; d7,h+s jb*nd at constant pressure as heat is added to it. This process ibgs*d+fi jhd* v l,7;zs

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of idealbuugmzybm yj+;95z ec;d w 6ejxa:(43 gas at constant pressur+cmb z: dy593zwaju; ;6 bjyxmu eg4(ee. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram2nl q-(ohbq(xc1eq j5 is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there.,3t5 hyzmrz1.gy 70uqtact y is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodp asjmpl:)d .tj ih9s g:d- 8s+kiu2k2ynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy i0ng5hw)f78higg .ipj s added to it. This proh 7g0i) .g8iwpgfn 5jhcess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are 5.ticl. cd/mz transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal cl.citm5/d.z energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of th*ic;5:lkz*ms f.ntp 0 gmetz ,ermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to trannk ue, ux-(ks9fqaj+9c* wt+dsfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold r,y mi7i6znen1qyb7s 4k4 jzc1eservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clausiuue9ut+a,2 b4vqashl .-hujmk3l n- )bs.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle,1wo(a3gk s:xu how much work is done byasx1 :o(3wkgu an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engm5t/ 68hei9. zr- abnv2jjrl uxk.zm :ine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the helk o l8;.,nsocs 7r+ekat sink mus7s, kn rle;o.k8lc o+st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists6j *fzck9o3jt m9,jc,muiv5ij2 z:ws of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second lgmuah ,ddo:d 718* ddrd ho:;yaw of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a rf :tzpfy8+ im3o+ 5 us,oe;cjlefrigerator is defined as the ratio ofcp+y5jfo83f u:ot esm, iz+l;

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined 8bd2t t 9dt(bqas the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the watepotwz3: (s1ctmv-sjv) o)ap 4r

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for 0o 7yd8yge*rxany process that may occur within an isolated oer8yyx d0 7*gsystem, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the (qa:i 84l6 ji6fguh p6)yzyr0 sej;u lsecond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclu oah8ue9r .(-czg dbcxs+9ug) de that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fromyzqk.6tqufl qo b1d (k./ yw/apt0j)0 an ideal gas. What is ly pwq/ od)t baz 0k 0jkf.q(q/1u6ty.the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process,jsdpxzgn/b +r -:6y2t 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the pro6r/+-ndypz t 2gs:xj bcess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an it0kpzw 5y(n:ri 5fb o- ec82gesothermal process is -400 J. What ib8e: zoc fwk 5ent5y2-0pgir( s the change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in com ef q:*rfisi**k5gx ztx6yg8: pressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of t8gxkq 6*:ig:f sritz5 **fxyehe gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of woy uqe xm)5ydxj3vi g+dt528gvs3j/z 1 y)p tl8rk. What is the change in inte)g5tigxz832m syyplvqe35ju1xj )t/v+yd d8rnal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases db0dhjz(o92i by 50 J. What is the work dond2oi (h jd0b9ze?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decb u4x)xrp*m5(rmyi .b h(amj 9reases by 50 J. What is the heat exchange?i)yhj(5u9.mm r * 4(barpmb xx

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monat :d0: g km*yjl baevbtjbm/:69omic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is : 9 t/lb vg*kad:0bmjj6yem: baccomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constanl8 gl.x. )2d 69wrr yr*vqb4 x-amtemwt volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How .rd4x6g vrx9q y.*)l-mlamte w brw28many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water at p7 ogg)tv6f0 z$80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each5umdv 5za/0db cycle. What is th05ub m/dzd5av e efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35d+h kryx q/a., uqb52d.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it pebdra kh+d .,xqyq /52urform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle.rkg6/0t7 ypk g Hot7kp rg0/yk 6gw much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat ea.*. wuw+b)y6sifxxu(ie(u1 mz v j3rfch cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cyclebf1w6(m v *y. je uz 3u(sxxiuf.+ir)w.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat r*6gcylic9m3 .f -xuweach cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done eachyl c3fwig*c9.r u6-mx cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterisk6 ds5okwnff8mbck+ 4 1jq00 atics:k kfaw+00f51n qkj4b86 csd om combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far hasa+n , xaai:nq; the following characteristics: combustion;+an,a :qixa n chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristi-/+eb uzd. gpdaa0 ,0je u58eh. goebtcs: combustion chaah0/j 5.o, .aepzb+de ebugg td08e -umber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pl - tg 4pa dgxv etxe:5n06dg:s;qdl+/lant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant genex amir81mt5u2z/ ma y2boug3+rates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant v,,a6 rjgk1tjhm. n .ruses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engoz hjx uat0g/4uv/ tl,/ q6)as8dde3line which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theorsv .g k-f+uav/u,*ru retical efficiency possible for an engine operating betweer/vu*raug k+uf,s -v.n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is m7fl y, bofy9ftg;g, +rn7 zf;the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of gb,77+;tnyf fg9 fz,;flomy rthe hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwe a29ad yk((pjden $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the fre rtk7avu tym)+t(m34vezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room 3r)u47 y ma(+vtttkmvper cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freeziuhu(j qoj(8fap*x 1a-ng compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coeffi(1jafxhuapq*- 8( ojucient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorn c/ c)zx ybi+6. catwt9e/k pq0g.8ahbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J ozg//ncbx)a8c9 ehkct.t ip +a w .6y0qf heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of +l4 )bfbab7)o5-kr8+ art0uooly7 mlootyc + ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice w peqn2z:/6. ziermef-f7 gh( freezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion anx6 wwrw6iw*4 2jo9jmi d its entropy cha i64xirw w*wo6 mj29jwnges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at b.mb 8hf2ym 8mj:qo llod(a 02$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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