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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is an(l1f(b)li5sy o7 rkro


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change i+(70tjqs n . -ah+tmmqt 2ieyfn

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermozkik8x4dw5sk 9,rsv , dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original vopl (b 8ihrpzs 6g:q*c2lume with no change in its temperature. This process 2z *gqc(: b6rpsp8lh iis

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. Dua1 )t62wdmgffring this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended bya1) m 2wtff6dg the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volu y, f ssssno:f6;jxxf 0*s+/zdme during an isothermal process. The final prey sf/ xfjxsn: s+f06o,*zds; sssure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally q8b1-d3www7 b7t,jf xrmd +lo/ie,oh from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J o ltw8hb,dwo qi1b37m+x rfo ,e-/7djwf energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated eg0 )ibjz n3xps ni1 c+t004c ahpkk/*cnvironment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its su0spp0k3c1/a )n0cc tigh+n*b kxi4 jzrroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam05t r.8wzifw zics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed w8uljw(3jrl, to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic pro 38r(,lwju lwjcess. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one con 498luuhd*der uhby74rq, sn 2tains4, 8qu rnd4u*syhh29db7 uelr $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one8e p3-*xocz /pc(,ereld-*8ewfd d lq contains* p-qc,peer8l* 3cz8/eexfo( ddwd-l $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thoh p;huowk 4)uy oo 4xc sm;o0*bu+b;5e PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is nog:73r st0fdy 2 ;-yw 4fstle.ku1lgx l change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic8 or mq*m4nbank2b hg3/a;gtx ;(k u.ds, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at cono5jyxbh8/g;*u w 5zipvoa6 3 nstant pressure as heat is added to it. This processv3*o; z 6ba yxi wuj/gp85hno5 is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are tran m r53,hdjwwk*sferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, tkdw r,jwmh3*5he internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on th)brtk l+*acl9fxx2 18zr rf5je PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is v 7-zobnx6z1bgwl3j9un. h *sno change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law osx d/r2gl8f azkc53l 6f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid containk;u huq,m * ; yp:8l4mkn( t8xus(sbocer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This pro;n( bkp;s8( to uk, hlc4uxs*y8m:mqucess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferrej*nspn. n9/df d to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, t.fnd/9pnn*sj he internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law ki8 zrey a6pum5yn9.b b)9w(bn +pi0tof thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoke(p v2( 1wiljir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservok ,e9l:pj q7ypir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynaem 5wmq-wq2-z mics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through thes25+b/ie e1(u5jr im3zgi xzk cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this ci s 52(/uj+5zxkg ibr1ze3me iycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is i)zod;balr ez5k-3* v defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink muphpx2nw63um 9 st bwnupxp936 2mhe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists (k vo-6y 85gj1 qss1j zzbj9c :*yeasuof

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the se0eo* 1p w6xfz.c6qu:dwp(s eqcond law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance - zj a5q ppxlgb.91p0x(COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o.gb09 x-1 plqxppaj5zf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pumaqrt2p6pec+h ; 8fq p.k0l;kd p is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the water) twg/ 7tr6jcx

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process th tm7e.1;4mdsyqg5t suu/3ks 1l2 vtcoat may occur within an isolated sysmt 3ocd ut12kgu e.v17msy4s/l5 tqs;tem, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of th 73 cd2dxxsw+ge second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics lm0 -7jgd bb *j5rifbf,i / g94f2jlbpleads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal ga *: qq)o/ejpb6 29/ b-t ejexfdav1fqhygc5 .is. What is the change ieeq-*/b9 ect y)figjo61f vpjh2.qd/ aq x :b5n internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removq q1)exvoz62 rz0lj5eed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the process? q65eezrx) 2o1qlj v0z

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isother)jz * sh 5gf9a) bro9zs2xz2cpmal process is -400 J. What is thpg*fa 5os92)s zzzj9c bh)xr2 e change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is donw ;oq ckl9,gr4l:.sln e in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy,l4w: rkcs;o.ql9g l n of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is l2ur.xo9pz; te bc cro/h/x; ;n:1qpcthe change in internal enetu;2o rnpc; b ch9eqx/. lrx;c/oz1 p:rgy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procp2 djlb sl4 1-e 0iwz0-pm2nkuess, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is th04kppu1dl2b0w2n i ejl-- zs me work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal v/ 2xi /7rvf/xw5gyt penergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is tfr75xw/iv v /2x/pt gyhe heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant hhpu6qgl9g i +a+a7o 9ls8 c; css0( d*8sdjhjvolume as it is cooled h+jo d8pl( asu6ch cjd qsi+*gshals089;g 79 by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at csv bz*ro 8: 0ne*oien+onstant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it8voe0rz *nb+se *: ino. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water asv m21,e3yz+tuiyexqk35es4 t $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 70si-twu)re iyjkq a,5xdj i;g7,; m.z /00 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the eyit;swx 7a r.,-)me; jqzgid j,5 uik/fficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has anoy;a/rgr/i+d6f./;dy7uz baov m 0o z efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it/ir.r ;f7 d avgz/0o;m+obyazy6ud/ o perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J oh*ap92lx8 lqnf heat per cycle. How much heatlan9qh2*p lx 8 does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcalrq 2 pd38exzw8 of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each e 3rz2 qx8dw8pcycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat eavpu-/g)kxfz j s7yh.-ch cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the fp7-. kyhz-v ) xg/sujwork done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built son/8:twy- 1opjxm( xh9qpkqx3 far has the following characteristics: combustion cha319op nh-xxjx/ ( mt8 qkwqp:ymber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engin-.085a;wboocduo fqm es built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tempuo5 -o.q;8o m0fbaw cderature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so farfflv1 t)hn 7p1o v mv83w;akh; has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temp tv1wflf;v8h 1phknam )v7; o3erature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant geneddn(6 / mpr*uzfts2p3 rates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 Moto.y 45zadpt* ksg13W of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW oo1e b doi6-9bpf electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an enp/a7zp -xd z)cgine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theorl y cn/)c4n -68sbfkwmetical efficiency possible for an engine operating between-sfln4 b m86ynwcc/k) $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the z8mply-8nvjt2i(yp a(g68la ,6 ptp dtemperature of the cold reservoir if the temperap ydp6(tl8,t (82p- jy6gvnp8 aizamlture of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betz twoc9f5ifq6p ;1gl 7ween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 k ( qk+ihfbch*-J and ejects 24 kJ into a kifb *(h q+c-hroom per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from theqq;9t6*l w 5b1:jwc)o sild zt1r :iij freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ intqiq1 bjc5 i9l1 *w jrt: slwzi6to):;do a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator am4s,l z;a-zuj -gttlgo m*8*kbsorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is re -8ulm;t,lzgot*agkzs* j-m 4quired in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of iti+sgz i29g4h:j g/pg6 ny hz-ce melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, 7z g)bt/ xszrn2r9v u-h;w7ztthe change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expan crr:htm8q ii3d:fm:y:b * f+gsion and its entropy ch:f3bd hf*cr+8: y:trgi mmq:ianges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at s3sfagh u3ib.go,i, p 54y -lk$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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