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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V p.)xb/ ur8wua/- 5ic4fbig ai graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal proc4w zu*r +bs/dmxj a6qryyr5ob0 : 6sx/ess, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod* os2 8q4qy8lnfqg) :br:mii;m0a wabynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its origi; taxe5mdt +9q(j8dt rnal volume with no change in its temperature. This dtq ;9tdjr5 a +8ex(tmprocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. Duringsp45q(q ki+yl this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that co pqq4l(yki s5+mpressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed +ib(we/pm i.cto one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final ( .ipw+cbim/epressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermallyzmr)9.lkxd qao0(i g. from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J (0z l.xrod gmkq.9)iaof energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. Duri+lv( k:tte )qwy.ub78*l5zkwwa2qiug/ t :elng the event, the gas exchanged no heet7wl8kag*z(yq:: 2e wlubtw vi/u5.+ qtkl)at with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of theseexi o k*4 +.z0filjr+0r+orrmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original voldje3ncgqzj,6 c.5t5pzkx1e e21sp1s ume during an adizedj5qp s,15. g1 t ze6pkcnj21c 3xesabatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in allr)00b:irkvqmy q 0vwy6 pj 8e( respects except that one containsrvyp0j80r w)ib m qqy:(6vek 0 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders jr4d g7fv3 tq1of gas identical in all respects except that one containsqdf 1v7jr3 4gt $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the+lb:zhm xrydoq960 84jsm+ dz PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process,cskmzc 5,j3a4 cky w89 there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody:c vh4pysql+8va+z ue c*s 35fnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Thisng:03y oa280fqoexj u processyqafu8 0n: g 3ojx02eo is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy a3 d92v,d zyqzqre transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant presdq,29zzdv q y3sure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV d( ck-b,iqkd g.iagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no91c myka 2hfb8 )lmx-y change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo z7,i vf-s*wcvy;fzs:dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expdw8cb) zkxki 96g5pl ,and as heat energy is added to it. Tkbk w68zidg)c5l 9x, phis process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas ajq541xmm( b ft4zb2*ygvb8 eot constant volume. Asv 21( qofx5ebjyb4t*4g 8zmm b a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law ok47vx se(/ jls j0s-oi .md/zrf thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir g4( w; k htj40rm3(f7 ltk1(gvzszhuxto a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heabmku :s7r)b5 ft from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamicydo y)g5 n,(jys according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycleum5b4/ mev)a6 :q - esgiol-ne illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating os-g:mn6u eiqo a/ vleem54)b -n this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio .jjt2i z.87wrqt fs,z of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is zi);vblc i7 gv9kjwa+3x69 d50motwz to be 100%, the heat sink must be jzvk 3licvzx )wmbdwt 9796;a0ig5+ o

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists of8)a*yg .j pheh

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second l+ 3pl. d4ima0hq)f apiaw of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performx162i l(gm6v db 9qkumance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o9q v(i1kgdxb 6m 2u6lmf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performv,u* p(/ hrfo 4kcu0nmance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the*n d rx2mn*w1u water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any proci+ vf8al1wde7ks xlhzy / ;f.7ess that may occur within an hf;w l1+ez/fyaki877sx .lvd isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermolq uu5xaj q;6-7a 2ual1 ngpz9dynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads/h/ 3nxrs;:b m2parew us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat ijgiy, 94s0aos s removed from an ideal gas. What is the changea904 yi,ssg oj in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from as-an h d64lk lp-kt/nihu) r.5n ideal gas. What is the work done in thepduh-l-a4 5sk/k nril6n.)th process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gn:lh7eqb tl/5as system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What ibl q/t:5l7hen s the change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in cozqs ,np0f80fd mpressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal ene pfq0fs8n,zd 0rgy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Whamcb,d2y1 ul)lt is the change i1,y2lmc dul)bn internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Wh +oyn,8qwp),vmf de k5at 8dmyvqe+ ,f k) 5,nwpois the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energ: 0pr3.d x8 jfifw6rmmy of a system decreases by 50 J. Wha xm8 p:3iwdjr0.frf6mt is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomi1q; klp+ ez,t wc;z1qz6: z(eojc5dwvc gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removpv ,ez:w t;(k5jdocl1 +1;qzz 6qcwezing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energ /n: hx(9 cqry*mvqbq3eif8r-y is removed :x /fcne9 3h(vq8rm qqyrib*- from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of54y *zlrd2l/sdjl 7og water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycl ow6y6zn.hzcvgaw8r.y - u5l2e. What is the efcavl.2w8uz 5y gr- h66.yz ownficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 3w.w0p )ct *0x w-,9g m/cjkfh(vcy sufajc i;55.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work d; k .x*jw5-jc0v(sm, 0)ypccgficwtf 9wha/ u oes it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycl5smyshgisme*l,/ v,+lxskic )u3 b-8)m, eo ke. How much heat does it exhaust in each cycle5bsevls- iog )ki,/h),,l+ mmymsx*8uksce3?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbsb7sz yo)sb kt-pa(*xzg k)iyp2. v q41 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficitzsk p)x z)p1a2(skg7-*.y4qyb i vo bency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 4fks *oj +a9az22 kcal. Calculate the w9jsofa+ 2ka z*ork done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follo:vllw:ir q5;z 7 /m y5vahaox xw76)hhwing characteristics: 5hi w vxqwxr7v6laozm 7h; /5:ha l)y:combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followpxf xf9v6*egs xu453f ing characteristics: combu gfxfp4suxxe36v9 5* fstion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followi,tpl:* non v9la6vw*sb2*9vj7d gm wung characteristics: combustion chamber temperature llm n a obw,v7vdp9j9tgsv:2*u**w 6n= $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 608s4qi*8 e irjh*z2 boykb*p7c0 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The px ls2a5 yr2+qmlant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant usespc s6j.8*h 46xgjysknd 7pq7 h $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficmprls1mqc h-j-3g 7+w iency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an enggkg3fpva-e y91;; m,s n6ifj(h - lvckine operating betw, h 9asf 3 -mgvk(;6 v-yj;lcpkiegnf1een $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperatur /9vof td4nz*p4x5(e 9zh xe26)/sfdzfaxoiie of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the o 6no) x 4ztd4sdhxze/9ip*f 2 i/afe59zvx(fhot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between nsjw h h(p+n0)$40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJadeq,-.2 tw5fx q,qyse)r ci/ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How muy,ct5q2i qefe r,.)waqds-/ xch work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezingyk/r0zr fj4i3d.0z djwi,cj 4 )o*wik compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room kj 4wrkz).zy fi i03c0r,/od j jdiw*4per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator cqc-hf,sc dh./9-7 wgsecoo2 absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cych ew,sc7s-- dhcco29gc.qf o/le?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of 9pgs77iozbl 03nf8brice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in en 8/zt 9a7v57e:kh fpr8rriqestropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entro4f t 407snpxikpy changes s0p4f74 tkixnby
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at w;obsb20a f *q2bxn2usj8m h/$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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