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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-.yjl z,c /uvb8,wek1vV graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, therekqn *dp/r 20rvo8 rourfyq2 0: is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thzap1b9y 6l t8yermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its temi m91c5d/avxib cms /6perature. Thida5cm /cvb9 /6i1xsmi s process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 2fiqxy o/l)d5)ns4 k5hyw .n km63*zy y0 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that comprekzs /ym.nfn6xq)y5 dk*w yylih3) 5 o4ssed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is comprelpmz y;be2(ae gitew:o k) 7jak;*-8issed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The fina-wyat7zokpei(l:* e a8ig;m) ebk ;2 jl pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this processlt0qr5ad+. z4:czr 1rk/tj tq, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements +lk dq a/t:041jqrc.5 zttrr zis correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environu,os0nj+47 hh ef0 fpsment. During the event, the gn7h+4fo fu es,00s hpjas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermk 3 65:gc 7jmkf ;galvtod8vbg8jx0d8odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume dur-xj:1 fc*6v lnkb oxp7ing an adiabl*j1n-bf cv:xpk o7 x6atic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except thatd8gq 8tkaq7 e2 one contains 7d8g2ea 8tqqk $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical pu/7xt vs z6h;in all respects except that one contains pzh6 t7;ux/v s$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on trb -yz5(l u6(x bn5-;eevz,a*pv o lpjhe PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, 4l, 9ubbw2qtoiye7/9o 2xg5yg vjg, xthere is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tryl89d gl0.qe hermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is addedq+aopr8p 5j-+f fto, ( ikt*ih to it. This proces5tfpo8a*(,+qkih f-i orj+p ts is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal g42d/y fhhf+ ohas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy ofyo2hd 4h/h f+f the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram 1xt5,ef1rs dc is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric processpbyg+p 3m(5ghs3x 4)rtakq 1 o, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam9vxqy 5c/i - eu6wwqm;imoieq;n 6/w. ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid containem qbij d -4gi4: 2xv f9wpq;uvef:rb48r that cannot expand as heat energy is added to i vqimbfgr:xbu:4ifd4 j;24-8 vw p q9et. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat ez( bf* gu(ju k(ftc0f:nwfs9. nergy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy of tgbtu:.fk *scfj0zfn fu( (9(w he gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics79,a,gq*ia joeg3 )4w qtezbj sez 5t5v4)vbc.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to aq.ee ea5r 9qs8nw2c2skvvn-m 3 phk/ 7 cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reserv +4ebf a u8eowwpj548toir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accordingjvt66 x lr3 4-fj5: sa*jq,x8ayb debi to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrapvvl(vib5 59 zh g7eu)ted here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine opgh zv9bv lv5p5(e7u i)erating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat en ivj4g-c ewc +h6x op k3/b;oi7sf(a3zgine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical e*b q9 ngw8h/, czb.opk 0)ajcrfp +vk1pv9pu (fficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must b81.fp 9jpk 9vp gb) ,qawpczr*+b0 nco/u(vhk e

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consisn2lebeb7 60ju ts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statibt,;n d0: rl7 u+ hdx/zwccr.ement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the rat t,cu l9 dtg+mnq)gypw my 0c0fh-96.tio o0qh-t gcd0,m+.n)yy69 p lctg 9um wtff

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined aem +nj7pee,i6s the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of t/ fo4b)7irnf0p cfuk)he water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodyu+n71e8 z jxz agj(v*fnamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of thev8azx uzj+7ge(fnj 1* choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynamit l1:s+eqf*4 ;us+sefash 9a1 q lmc2bcs.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to co.wy (pg8x15r 6kwi rrxnclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from hv+ zg m-s x,mq/,hy:y0o nu6yan ideal gas. What isy,suvnho+y:z-m gh6 ,qx /0ym the change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heayk; 5sflpjvvvy/ 1iy0 v+r. my0-ct+jt is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done iyvf5 0p; y km vi-yjc.01+yjv+/tlv rsn the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas sys ,uqy4p5dmt m6.p nk/.dj,bvutem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internauvm.dq t/kp4dyn ju. , 5bm,p6l energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chanw dr .d 0fhuwf (b5f/f;t1fq.cge in internal energy of the;u0ft.dhr5f./fqdfcwb1 f ( w gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J (z*d jaw3hi wd p1-chpx):ur(of work. What is the change in in:awp i(dzw3u (hhcpjx* - d1)rternal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric processa fhy t3mtwh10yy,bl7 -e77cy, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is -7 m,cbytehya37h tfw0ly1 y7 the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases t,j seyrn-v( mca(q.3 by 50 J. What is thm.r(es, v yqtjcn3(a- e heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is co bbdb-- r9l6ekwj0yv2oleddjbk w-e0296 lv ybrb- by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 5 i1p +a;uf(1bkv7olyg0 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gvlu;bk gy11+ ipfa(o 7as are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg ofb.d,bqg 5+ys0dprmv6 wp ;y t8 water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J5:(xq yi cq hqn129ntbweduw:3:n ++u8gmibm of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiennd9 qb:ugc3 mi+te2im wqnb 1:8yq+xu w5(h:ncy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiei-9 yq8hip1d. hbmyb) 7ukb-rncy of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cyqbki7hi b dr)8b- -1.puhym9ycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% v a5dkrs .6klpn4tvb 7x /-s;vand receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cyclpvax75v t- 4s.d;s kb6/rvlk ne?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heaq j7e8yl*-cj:u(bu b vt each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate tju8:jv bb7e- y q(*lcuhe efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and tue.ffq:4 kjpb*kf4 * exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work do4.bu k**:e qff4kfjtp ne each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built yqjyshwu+ *s)sbk 7:; so far has the following characteristics: combub;yw:7uks*j sqy)s+h stion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followi3pf12v nehuvpvor84/ ng characteristics: combustion chamber3 efp41pnv 8vhr/2uv o temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteri- fk4.iw- jrgj1 hwa6nstics: combustion chamber temperature = j 1wwina4-jk 6-.frhg$1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power.(wodfe0 q*e :z The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MWnr:. d20jj (:axysbxus*s6nq k i3s h; of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of ,s)ar5tc.6 kxb y;/jmkn et n+electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates between m9 -kkiq .eu* f;drxq3$450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretia0 pp 08ng 7jtih6zp3pcal efficiency possible for an engine operating betweep hzgnp73 80at6j ip0pn $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot y.u28 ghtem9iw1 ( jhfengine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reser tehj8yw2u m. f(h1g9ivoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betta62;/i3 y33r .jt ai 7ublyyqqx paj+ween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ ahc 7fkc1vkoolv7w 2i1 /s.i+und ejects 24 kJ into auvso.c/fklvo+icik12wh 77 1 room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezi /ja *y1vk9mdwng compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into9yv / w1*kmdja a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrimxxmhmb:z 668 n 4*gx(vgxn8xgerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the rooxmmn(6x b hm6gx8n:*4 8vgxxzm. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy wh4qze;qp6l7ov en 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freeri-3(6 u28bpba l fvfcmy9j( bzes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermmueescvw1 -d5 h-pjv9t k 1jajb-y (77al expansion and its entropy changes bd7t19s-( 1wuh-kepbyj- vvjm7 caej5y
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at : vf:okpxotgx2.::jg4 ke4 /rs up 5pq$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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