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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown oncq k63nn.fdryav686 5 iofm, ;5hfryf the T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there h6 u.ib4hxg3s is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ;h9fav 6qcz 4dthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change ib8 b*0*gpvtlc n its temperature. Thi *gv8bb*0cltps process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20:hivinfr 0v.v f/,,pt L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressti:/if,v .v 0pvfhnr,ed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compres;13sgdytmrt wd-t dk dt3p18 0sed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The fin pd1k81g3d03dwrst m;- t dtytal pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isotherm+ju8gal 9sfzzc1bm; y3/c8 bpmlm( /jally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which ofzyjp1lc 9 l8b j3f(z mm/;+as/mu bcg8 the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During b r yrtxb40 4awm()cv4the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. t4 a vb c04x)r4m(rwybThis process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicuj* /ib c/vf;m ym9toh36 q-shs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume durinvh pnn*g8:9l ig an adiabatic process. The final pressu:i 9 nvlpng*8hre of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects excepthwjyydokbj844c w1 8)2 nd5m u that one contains b28 hjd o n15ywkmdw j4cu4)8y$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of ga/k zo+cho5 6alroz91js identical in all respects except that one contains5 ro6+zlz/hackoj 91o $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown onm*ae bp6m0pi;,gco62k z ; 49xjq scwf the PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change inr g ,1gpwdiy(k8t ; fem2(u1nm

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of t4i7v ttnxf i,:hermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it.kk,4 yetd7(pxl ,2xi h-ud)oo This process ,ik )ox pdd ye2k-o th7(4ulx,is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of idea 4biagc5w6p2io 95ugc l gas at constant pressure. cai2 uo64 w9pbgi5g5c As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram jsm6xjqzae3 c ,/v. -+l-7p obx3uw nlis


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is kq.+ zuxzhc/. no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamzj;p0p6eu*mn8a1 7hoe/ srrqr x./c wics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container bggcneuik mp3,* /a0fl xub :/7a 0o:xthat cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This proi/e bm3g kbul 7a0 oxfcux:p0:g ,n*a/cess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are t0f0 rpi*bx4 9 nbaz)7+2lkdpsc a8ingransferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal en0ipa p)7+9lnc8xsb* zigan0fbrd 2k 4ergy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thep(bta s+x2 pe5rmodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold rese6awptfx472uzja w:v6 rvoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoirf8pey 5;q9v bh to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Claus/cypy5, l(okbf-w:pi ius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle ill n: wmtmy- v9a8)8mcilustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is doneyc wtn8 v8a)m: l9mim- by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as 9cwrptqvq7a2go b ),wuelt 3 o* k.11bthe ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, th2l s.qh 3 ca,vbm+.bube heat sink must balcbmvb.ubq 2 ,. s3h+e

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists o6h sb5 -vatxek/s3 +xnf

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynami e;swr56:enhft f.;h ncs.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is deficai v p9s6u,7rned as the ratio ofc7ir,6a u spv9

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat p kbp86tyqv95 qump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wy,udnnh :-raqr z5t 71ater

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occuyrsn(.addshtg2 8q d) z-uag,3j 1p ,vr within an isolated system, which one of the choices appliesg1tg qnasy-j2ru.ad ,, hp)3(d sdzv8 ?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second la (a9sl5v0ljodi35v r sw of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leadsmw bnvasp* o q9 s:tx5ddz;357 us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas.3/tiu, )tuzjkkv52 gv What is the change in intzj,g/u 5vkt 2 ktvui)3ernal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an*n /sww ouuyk ;;qx4(blw2umb.ah n:0 ideal gas. What is the work done in thewlox*.0 w4hsuk;:bn wb/m qy;(2un au process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas sc/ row(7pj+d gystem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal e 7od/rgw (pj+cnergy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adim+ 5rs ta::4mb/wfj6(xzqc pv v**ttsabatically. What is the change in internal energy of thpmxtwqj( sa fbv *rz 6m/c45v :st*t+:e gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Whatl.w); uknopr+ is the change in internal +r; ouwkp)nl. energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy-h f-wm jposeo;3 t10g of a system decreases by 50 J. What is thp3owte 0;g- om -hsfj1e work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system de+8uie e 8ed)lrcreases by 50 J. What is thee)reli8due 8+ heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constacog62ur+looyy 9+ tq6 nt volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy fromou6l+q6 29ycy ogrt+o the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is rex056gx3 p.xl :n2n *k tydjgxhmoved from it. How many moles ofx5 xyt6np23gjd .lxnhk* g:0x gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.x tt09u d6o38, d mohg0rnps5sx vi75f0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and lose4/uv+eiy gvcng .09dgf8a xc/ s 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiencyg/v v. f9+ dn0g84uxcae /gicy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency ofh-jh0uf )i4pf 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does itfuf0ih j-)ph 4 perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficis08slgf4nz io b2hyhpw4r 8 ;,ency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heszln4,2;8 sf ph yrwhg8ib04oat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Cz 4j5 3h 13ht,g0ycmx (qg+g.svgkgdzalculate the effici3 h(gzv d 3cm.5ks+041gggg,yhq jxtzency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kck;l(t - dctn1ral. Calculate the work done eac;1ldnk rt(-ct h cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most effic2 9 fdkg farwd97kg.4o de:lk+b6l i-nient engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion29la b.ke 6nfg9: l4kddowd+r7-fki g chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the folloysv.oma0b f(s hd;),y )c8lhr67bkncwing characteristics: comkv)hdl. hb)os;(by , rsfm 0y8c6n c7abustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so fhde, xx5 68x1sjh oj/zar has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temper xjh,5s e/x16xjod8 zhature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powgx8f f8)6pk f59 fejm 2ep;fuyer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates *7i7q9eulck))khy nz600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of el(rqce1sx a z65ectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operaj a0 bfk-q:l:mtes between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible foad/8cz u: cken dlh)5,r an engine operating between/:udl)cneh5z c 8k ,ad $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. W2fumayj3x849re* h og6ymfb- hat is the temperature of the cold resef-a 2u84 o*y 6mybx9grefmjh3rvoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating b+ipw wy;i4)px 1ia4z-n c-amtetween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the -kxjd(ej m, 69nd s4jmrate of 20 kJ and ejects(ke s,xjmd64-dmjjn 9 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of r q,lv0/ j0vh :xv)vba8,flu m20 kJ anxh l/qv ,:a vl)b,m f0vvur08jd ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs4ya/ x8t7a-gg wp jiuz *n,8bh 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room,7hg*zub8 n8 j4yat-ax p/iwg. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 gzvebv96/far;( dei i 7 of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice fq4 dyf;ht agx e2m3j:4t/s u5zreezes, the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an is/-wf 8bo92x xxd5bv epothermal expansion and its entropy changevx9 e/d25 fb8wxxpb-o s by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at *ln daqnxq)1 4b,x fp)nz3np9$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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