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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph isgv0. esj;yu(t an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change 3*nntc-h a:exin

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of the.ae ifn -nk3a.rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice (ouzc ,c qd49v5lc7rb.b+cy gits original volume with no change in its temperature 9b,4 vqg rcdl.b z(+cc75yuco. This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this ptv(g6 s3c(r:zh5 r qerrocess, 6.0 J of energyz 6vr((gr3scr t 5qe:h is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original qteg9eh8*3 y ovolume during an isothermal pro qo g893ye*thecess. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isotheet6 1m he 3zwdqrz/x),rmally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is exdqweez hx 3m,z/)tr16pended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compredp6fj k 3v1mb.ssed in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundidk63pm j1 bfv.ngs. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodh*lmhvpt qm- u-y3-(c ynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an + grk +fxp e--zpero 47sb/a9aadiasefr9 -g+xa b4/o 7rakp-e +pzbatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects (pphbk u /hu((except that one contains /(p bh(uuh(k p$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in al +gps6k plkv.rj7. lfym6,(eua./dec 0 1mjgwl respects except that one containselg,+k d0u1pl fc.r/7mek(vwyj.mpj a g6s . 6 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagnw)o wfv,85mya xk ;8rram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change inuzf4ixs2p,zfk l 2-d: xqam/7

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thcnv, s,u83omqrbc +-lz 4kljwqk5+0 qermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressureeuw nwi.7x4y b(;k 1kep7./kp c:lvku as heat is added to it. This procu.kw.:k 4 y(lx1 p 7 7iwveku;nk/ebpcess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas t , ssfd,j9bb,h3zu5s at constant pressure. As a res3sb hfu jd,bs,,t9 zs5ult, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV d9tzk1,ecb4 v5ygkne* iagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process );hnp psgz*op 09f(vrb .xif8, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law offu dlmuombr0:htc x82:zf .eu,+; o*u thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is a v36qy o-j8vtk0vi)h xdded to0vt3 ix- jqyv)k8o6 hv it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy acm uk5-fw/ ;iiqo,v*hre transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volumcfw; ,k u/5-*ohiv iqme. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of ther,ff s.*cer/ mxs ;hdxg3lh n73modynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservznf*q2 x.1 yengkk0) cv0q,te u5x8wxoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to tr3rcdv2of;s l gy;c /7vansfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of th 7g vmbvex xn6n6+(y ym,f.la0ermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illus(1wew b)s mno7z+5drfc0 6 uegvk k5;.lggfj9trated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operatimgcfo5kfvebgn k7d50l +(s.)j; re16zg uww9ng on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio of ./ 3sn0clobj ,cemu*sv:s k7q

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to bel1w5u7qqw u gbbm7 (:k 100%, the heat sink mub7kuqgw m 7:( bq1wlu5st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistsaf*-hy;9 nmfe of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck staame 16:j 1xzz s;owao-tement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perffcb*109 h2(ugtm /q vjy5zwabormance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio oq/1(c za vwf*ut0hj9 bm5y2bgf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfocnts8( faz 2;u-cpw o8rmance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the waterd5ft* +x e cuw7+ctno9e.) pog

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any prwzm)6a83mx,j nbh iq* ocess that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices appli) 3,mxa8bzq ni*w 6jhmes?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the su7nu3ls77qok.cm1bh8a,t e3 kgmf );uknk 7e econd law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics(c/tjv. suq3x leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an id (jc+0+x , c1 tli 9tfohav:5omkbb2mreal gas. What is the change in intea flmi2(boc1htv0m:t r jb+k 9+ cx,o5rnal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fromc(e ijd-q )xliu6/q .y an ideal gas. What is the work done in the proces6 )i l(xuc.jeqd- q/yis?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal processq/gp fe mr7r;aoy53q3 is -400 J. What is the change y3;g pqfe o/a 7r5m3qrin internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change i ks*ipuk6a g,t+1u*w(aqr7v on internal en*pk6 *(+ owu1ti7rvkagaq u,sergy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic proce /refgg6 4f 4h(z0o,atybhy.l ss while doing 25 J of work. What is th zlh4/fg6oyg,hat4e0b( .yfr e change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreasesfiydjk7op l8k:c 1 + b1gwrk9; by 50 J. What is 8p kdgo+k 9r;klwciyf1: 7b1 jthe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal ener ssivdnzl-n u7qg9.7f3 b5ah8d ,jp)rgy of a system decreases by 50 J. What isj7dsz9phal s58 un)f-n7 v d.r, b3giq the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at coze.3n+m:s r o-pe.t5kl80d2mv n xnwvnstant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing-xv rdwksnp2em z 3:8mv+etlnn 0.o5. 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at consgvdbx6 +(t pc(+*b,ht( sgfzktant volume when 831 J of energy is remcx gfb,ztg+ *k v (d(6h+bsp(toved from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water at99b0o rnea.l o $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7q;wtk g:kk yhg;/i,f;ib: do* 000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiehikyw,:/;f bd;ki gg:q;ot *kncy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35. asq6fz4(7sf4;kthm y 0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does4yks f htqzmfs(6a7;4 it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0ocqd7d,wbq/+bpzad9 a6s , 4 :/nzvbw% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhavs n+dqoacz/ , , wzawbq7pd 6d4:b/b9ust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42gv7/c3q af5lgbxesp 7r2) qi5pkii). kcal. Calculate the gxq.ki/ p7rl5 b)cqsi) 25 vgf73paie efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycl4oa4h / cuox/kqmnh,6 e and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the worm nh 64 /k/u,qhoacxo4k done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built sq:/x8 bbgv8 wgo far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tem8/gw:gbq xv8 bperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characf7 y +e*7qa lf zumnn:i+05bgwteristics: combustion chamberiwnqfnz0l 7m5g* :7ufba e+y+ temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enpo5 ey tb*5beii*s+/2 nww+v agines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperati5* inbb+/eoysv5*wpt w +a 2eure = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The p ve1q3n;eq nq *oojp7;lant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant -skl9oqq,gmd0/ozf0mcx p,0 uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gerylerz+:m86 ds/ wfch t2c:+n nerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine whici fy x9o2su8(mh operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating h/akvko)63ef pfl /c1betwev/lk 1fp h/cefak6 o3)en $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the tempeg:r4y hmy8s(5ywvdlso 0 si2 c*jb3 ;frature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of th(4ls;g*c3v:y2hjr y my5oisw fd8b0se hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating belxv:z b/-:qy2d/mztom d- *:mhyogw -tween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat-jc+ ( hj;oqlnbl3+ wfcj (ynbeg/1.e from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle.qjw3fc( gne.+b-y ln o(;elj1j c+h/b How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartq1 cs1 :+nsfafj4vtpax ju9;+ment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coeff+x 4a:+jpct ssa9ju;vfq 1n1ficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a re:uezlqic-1(d frigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in eacl(d i1 ucq-z:eh cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice merra87hpt 3xao3x5 nr//3d ceo lt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the chanlj1gbdzh 5q6 -ge in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP une +-5p3uhix9omcwda 7cr r3) kdergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes b 73kcm+xcahe95 )wor3udpi- ry
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at yhlc4oqe/5*d zbpd *(jn+dl.d5 hl s 0$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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