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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on )zlq6 m(j ma,y*,bspethe T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no j+daun m7ga1, change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thenyu/ qw3tc 6f.rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twicepx9kui/uv76 q gj;. f)kp*qgy its original volume with no change in its temperature. This ju p7ukpy9qix*kg) ;q f/6vg.process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this qm1xjwb5ao, 0 /(gwhrprocess, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change ox1q 0g(r/jmwwha b ,o5f internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its or z +hrjz.f(sd4iginal volume during an isothermal process. The finad s(fj+4z.h rzl pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. Dl*/n+ eectl xtn p*2/iuring this process, 6 J of energy is expended by nt*/*lli/ ext2c+ epnthe external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an bwhr,z 2i70;f apn3bqisolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings a23iqh;7r0zwp nbb,f . This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyn gcn tjk05aop4 c;5v:zz-xu s3amics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its orih 8ctc6r 3os6 h86siobginal volume during an adiasr h8 h366c8bcts6 ooibatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that t od;+acn +7mkone containsdn7ca;+ko+ tm $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects 1;r 7seq ac9gmjqout ( 4-m v(9efj5coexcept that one contains tje9 sjcf(aoog4q-ec7; r9 qm5uvm( 1$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagra)s k cm7.jyl;pm is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, thx(b* 8+s psuoaere is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsfu ti gm:la0w3zx(7*y , $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Thisig*k uu uz j175bf(x2i process isuuiub (j 1ik257g xzf*

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a samprtm 1mqv u/uw5-q:r; 2eob7+np 1pxqr le of ideal gas at constant pres t1rqu7-1q: 2o/vp exruq+rpw;m 5mbnsure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on ts4 lwc5v/ 9(p x.eizwatmq -tr*.jn8sm94g sche PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no cwcb vl ifczt72qpu(33c z- n..hange in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,/w6gyd;jt)sc(tk 90jrk6or ..k fyfm34ysp r $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is afb)mvz. 2bt6oxg 8/uyddex6b8/ g)zuy 2 vo.tfbmd to it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample wv m bd3jp8j) (,:3okkt3kojjof ideal gas at constant volume. As a resuljkp)mwk ok3djv3 j:8tob ,(3jt, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodnpvc9v, ,4.faqn8frl ynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to try-g,8ve r5 mogansfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfey/69qu6kdfj b r heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of t5nvtx*egt yb.nq b o19oc( e-9hermodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During olevtm*z3:8l sf 6r2rl ne cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on this cyclr:t 8 v3fe*zlr2s6llme?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a hbsxl y)n;;e+ae r9qx iv)xt59eat engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 10jdsah n(97vb itqz*e6fs2;x r raq36 60%, the heat sink mus 72trvnde(*6 bas z6hqj9r ;xs6fai3 qt be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists a plryesf7 .yaetf f45rp0 c3b11a)a8of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law ofto /a0t/w, j jgz5cp.q thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigeraogx.:1 :ypss,dwzku0r o9 l 7dtor is defined as the ratio ofp07 o:orys 9d z.wlu,k1sg:x d

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfj1 yklnah:8, formance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, 8lxbhw4.w i(: )n7l n;vyz gcmthe entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law o ,ke.l.md31 agwg *zjlagk;p6f thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of thk l6e*lggd; a,1am.wzj.p3 kge choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second lj9 bzd fhq:wedtal6e(5 ( 2j6qaw of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermody;inxlb8qd h*kzj(c+1 namics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removek2cg cf2 h q)w*za3b4bd from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal ene *b b4wghk acqz3cf22)rgy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heatbmah* g/qv m67 is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in thv a7*mqg6/ bmhe process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas t-y olkzjqh*h:8xzjld02.2t-zu bv9 system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change 82- ybzvqzh* : jzo jkl9ul-0xt.d t2hin internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is dones0enxt5gqj4 kdik *g /s o4)yhz5 t94h in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the gaso4*59sks njk4 0z4gteqxg)5 h/itdh y ?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work.9hglx)fra)gx qf2qf 3l5n 4m + What is the change in internal energy? 3qxnf rgxq9)glf 5f)4+hm al2

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy37ob2 jk a;yjx of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work doy ;ka bjo3x27jne?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process,9+(mp2+kf r yqk5 sk w,asr)7xdukin) the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the 2misu k7x()5qksrf9++d pa k)wr,n k yheat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as ie (;q h4yyj:jqt is cooled ej4 hjy(y:q;qby 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 508g9y1c8lo-r 8g oanah K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in ag-go1h9rlno 888y ac the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists ofu3o yti( e 8tj3:hmmra8 khn1+ 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and los*mtnjws ;,fsntk*)ba4qew +kb kv*se rc) 2;*es 3000 J in each cycle. What is tr)fw;qssk;mnkas* c* jn,t+e 4bvb*k2w*t) e he efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cyhvr;h(lg wj 3g8ivog n 5(8*hrcle. How much work does it perform in each cycleg( n8r(vg lo* ghvrh5wh;83j i?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency oh3vr : 7k l 9 iv,wblhps84qom31uww,pf 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How 4,3wp,pu 3 v7rvh holbm:18w9i kqswlmuch heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculat;yq5 ku0t+ip qe the effici+0puyqit k q;5ency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycl5t.ww*hu w an dni:i1,fwk:+x e and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each cyclna xkhwnuf :w+wdi 1:.t*i5,we.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterpmc20tf in8n49n;jpe istics: combustion 8nnpcm20enf p;jt4 i9chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginey9c+iww+ ro jvo .i137.etxcxs built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperaturri1 3tocxj7e 9i oc+w+v..xwye = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficit s3rg4 z1 9mzhti;m(z+l0f oj,xvn-m ent engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chambt+z1im m(r3mtz0zf v,xh 9 nj olg-s4;er temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of e;ft :*s u z3qr*hrkjs(lectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant g8e0)n /3 yyku;7hflw/vc odx:q(xvkeenerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electri c os04wo,rjd27ya7f qc power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine whi gxrn+ lfy):5lch operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum the swy 5ru:r94eroretical efficiency possible for an engine operating betweenyru9:esr4 rw 5 $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What il ijniba4od9 p762ahm75+. oo72pog r3jong ks the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature 2rb o639l4oa7dk7 .jog+a57imnp g op i2honj of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operat/ca6bl4ddn 21te;a b cing between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment qxnfs- :nk -h.at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ i h:x-n. sqk-nfnto a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freeeld68cby -xd0-xbq2p 3cz m s;zing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ inec03 xzb-q-sxdp 82ld6c ;mybto a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbswup48.lc kw(ld j 52zk 230 J of heat from the freezer anp( l.d5klc 8uz2w4 wjkd expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of itcsq04k 68:c i j ftbwu2v,q 0rib*wd6ce melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes,:uox 4s/e vntx-teg lmb50j/ tjd2p81 the change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion ax,erh u61 fn)pe; ms8snd its entropy;,meu r8hsnxsf) e1 6p changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ooct) fdfmp2.(/,roey* s6tl$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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