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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is i)( 2+n+ej,ltb dvdnlby yy8.an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no cha;0 qq1 m1xma -)giyuisnge in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodff4m,0afxbh+;io 0 qryclj )dz3r7lz:w(+ n fynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no chanp8gvbe+)jgc 3n- p jbue 1z73pge in its temperature. This pro3zneu +g ppg3ej7-)pj81vbcbcess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During tilc4(w-; ct++ acgjf,8 p1 ,a upngssuhis process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of intern;igsp1uw, (capcj+4u+a8lg,s fc n - tal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-h7fj(m8k mf h6af ek:c2alf its original volume during an isothermal process. The final presfm hca8 mkjfk2 f(7e6:sure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermn;xcp8q h,76 wzo ntw5ally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expendedwqx5 ;npwto,8h c6 z7n by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an rg29 - k9yd;fzy(apcybkjn0 u l;d)/sisolated environment. During the event, the gas exchajb90d-kku) sdf;/yg apl;c9y yznr(2nged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of rwht l(om6rar9(m+ z*thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during arn /dopi 0r*+la1/r6 li5veppn adiippdi6rp r 5+1*vo/l0na/rel abatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except tv:e.4,ju ytahhat one contains 4h:. vajt,e uy$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all re(on; 1yam;bwh s(g* -oihe7 nyspects except that one contains me- i1;s ny7 wh*(y bnahog(;o$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is i ,,csyvcj*j3aaxa 1) an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no chan,o +8w.vedbtn:nqe j4m e -+s+ap4mcmge in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thezrx j- r eoo0mt,u5,0.0ybe8 s+axsoe rmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. This3 fdrq4rhr+j ,)v24)u xsye.no :rvdd pr24vdr:,4enhjyq .dd)+x3 v osr )frruocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferr( +gwbvity5m**iaqmkm*ys* 0ed to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the ia0 *m(yqy bm+w*ki5*stv *mgi nternal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on txlp )z gw/.d ;4jjwka-he PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no smzuc q6gx-qp)v w- aq7k1 ,j3change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therm ,-ykvvlch;3l odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that uk 255dn u-ie5zhne:xcannot expand as heat energy is added to it. ehzkd2: un u5n-ix5 5eThis process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of i5vsuzx +* ydyeqcu17. deal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy 1s+.*qzy d5cxe7vuyuof the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of - gmfqufya-ji45v (+.km1wh(co8 pao thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a colf .whupr :is +b1c6x2ld reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to apbq-3t l m:vo:stwdo6o) g //j hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics ac;+8rpwtbc7vuvux7 ; ae/ f:iwlu k6:f cording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During ykjlm,5 4rus1 of5gj/one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on thisj gly5smo 4,/5kjr1 fu cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is tg4** ai;ep3jrcsk-q defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Car:. x2e ny mqhr .q(n(.u0bycwnnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must beb 0n:.(mn.n2cyxyhwqq.u( er

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ocm/xs0 ,x,yof4acad,l yj7 4mf

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the sec 10+)zt*u38rocw zwi4o4nkf wh tdrx3ond law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio9 b.+za g.xofvt sv(-e ofv+9f. bv ags(-to. xze

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) k bi2xn0 vn2j5of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy2( jrykb q 3z2+qi7))v epcbxi of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any proce8 e jre)x44 m,h(-qrkeh tuve2ss that may occur within an isolated systr2 eqk8 4e(jheux r,et)h-m4vem, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of t,bb9ogagcuf/-tdv4:n: ru ftwj0sv8lzw; ;: he second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to concq,b:qsk job;j7 -uct j*b67b zlude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal procrv57p xof9 hbafg-./fess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change -o f/vg5ra9 ffhxpb .7in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. Whaq9 c 6g9e.y/o. z:xe;ed*p3 nftes nilt is the work done ipoed /n*e:l;cnzy.eqg9 f3t .i 69x esn the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. ihqk; 5c befd0-83 jjz What is the change in internakfj h 0z-5ec;q8 j3dbil energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in sg2.ko33:n t a:mxq wharq61vcompressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the gas ko1.:3qar v6s mta2hx qgwn:3?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabaq;wd(efomr1oxd h:r/ s ;.o2ztic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal ener/ eo.rm wd 2zf1or;sx(;qhod :gy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 )a ,,eil ud dg.m/rj rzzq7v0s:f ::kiJ. What is the worked/lqv,z7:zadku jrisf0r)m. g:i ,: done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a systemxst q)ta1;s4t iu f.m (9xg1un decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchant1qaui1sns(xgtx; m9) 4tfu. ge?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cc ul ip4ad+)dzce(jfg1.n+ r3ooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How n)3ed4+cra gifl(z d+p.ju 1cmuch work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is co yu u3(:x2kt2eqvk:6zz: wllzoled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removedt:2u: vzkl k(y2 :lx3ewz6zqu from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg0 04uqzrl me2v of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and losp sfroxen kw;i1+8x:ld:y8v-fq 4a)fes 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efa: )18f fdnxf;qp+s8oyiev :4 x-klwrficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficienh 4gvr2 lym*v2ixo0f 0cy of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work doef 2gl4vyxmor*02 vih 0s it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and rece7xg)ewz 3 w(lrpyj:y6ives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does itww)l6ype :3 ry 7gj(xz exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhp(pn+fswifg 818f q +fausts 42 kcal. Calculate the effw(f8fpqg nf1pf+8si +iciency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calcunmt54lt )s+- pndk be0late the work done each )nls+p4m0-nd ekb5 ttcycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient earc8* i8t9dk nqw43v/l bbwf, ngines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion i,bb/8ntalc8 wr9fw 3v4qd k *chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines bu6; cxj jw/szc.ilt so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temc6cxz. sjj w/;perature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following character1vfwqajy tx 8p0t ; fid..-v)vistics: combu ia- 1tvy; tfjf vw.x.dq0)v8pstion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates q9bp 4,ngnan2 rklb9xu:(n f4600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant gty7 /4b7drc ( sp6wjpfgb+4 duses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses x8keq;l0djua; 9i - op$4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engin f :k a-2 4awofi 4l,;1rbm(ursfhg9mve which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine o9g -tahss+) uaperating betwees)9-h a tag+sun $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.o vybd 0wb jwmh,(920y0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hb (vb0jy m2 ,owh0ywd9ot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatinj3vr(,sfut *rd;ex7e g between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes 2lk)icxk gg(0/l +y )fre9zeu heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required +e fi9ug/ 2lec0kyx) k) grz(lin each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes3skph:x)n nhr0th0xq9*c l d88-b tas heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the col8qdt0csk8* x h) 9sn0thr- x3:pahnbefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the fb1 l4g1+xl 6ekj)x rmzreezer lbz 1gx+ x4erkm)61jland expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50oq e4 2x9sbc;n g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, w-:eth6t g.dtthe change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal 2cr5kuv srgtr4a*67 eblc e0-kv ,au;(l r dd(gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropyrkv-4, l (cc( l;60usda275 aug* evedktrbrr changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at *bse--e0mvwi ih:/t4 jaf 7yu$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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