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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on rd*d8m/c+ k gqpo8wu259y qctthe T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, thervd ; 4zztqd/dg2r t4r,e is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics)s l9(r otq x lnlir8eg+8x;f,, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its tempu)mudy09m ne*erature. This procen9d*y0 u e)mumss is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressr s6 35ypi1lta9d s)eot7b4ti ed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expendee6t 1i7l4d3 or)i5ps a9ytstb d by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-sm m5yy4y7tgb.vk) b (half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of them y(vyb5.stk )7gm 4yb gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothh2y:rf+w ok1(g fniq9 ermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. o21 +wfknih:gy(9qfrWhich of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the event, 5o *suj g4b6hvthe gasvb4ug6h*5j o s exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of txaz42l ;qh7yxhermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is/i+cjox,8l mi oja1-xx,wv, k compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pres x8 ,/kx+xv ,w1-ljmco,aiojisure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects excepthtpxy( cjslh .i9( 7dnx5* to+ that one containsi+.7phj5h(c o 9*l(stn txyxd $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one cont,(/i3e ptd*)traekfu k,/a ew ains)(/* epk,ew takieau/ 3df tr, $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagl sw *w cw+si8-c+v;yb1 ;podgram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change wcz (ze1v-c2ipf 49di in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody5mza ih90fjmkzusg949 1wrd- namics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at coi lgol -j0j5yk) iln11nstant pressure as heat is added to it. This process g)liijll 01- kjoy 51nis

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of idzvz pa v7at)50eal gas at constant press)07apz5at zvv ure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on 4:- z 7x .8hrudrun(lkgqey4s) xlco 8the PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chan 5g ds0gyax v8s8uxs)4ge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics-hiogfbm8 5 wk2s0d eq ;bd(*u, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannoap2zdla: j-5:oqv7:pzaxjn:)i mmj/ t expand as heat energy is added to it. jv2:5 jiajam pm:z al)-/z x::pq7ndo This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to az n2zi-earyiix;r.0* sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a resu0rieii z-;.2xra *y znlt, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyn/*zx+h*ed , +cxzwqt hamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to n lkkk9q5q:s) a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer hep:o i(r (axwh(at from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of therjlqq kn8gvnj,tu186 d wm+-(tmodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how o8/mvwaxm 3 e:much work is done by an engine operating on te: mv/ mo83wxahis cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the rp2ah7cp/ c; pjatio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat s2av:jz8 q*wpl.obeu3 ink must bejbzpua *lvo3e 2q w:8.

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ovv;n9m hiu)xqk4.9 hs f

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statmqht,cr/ g w 4,sx x/h t)cs3e;w(vit0ement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as th+0yh+ iocwq3env)e r. e ratio of)yhe+roeqwn3i .cv + 0

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance nn(z/*5 iiv1e po2 ubm(COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wateqkl4ve,7 nz-gvi*1:zgttch , r

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for a2 c8z 4 0x vwv,ylux*/k an,j)hl0oswkny process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the chovxczw,w)yk02,lskau / 8 hl4j *nxov 0ices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the (l z 4q5 8p5clrdf.s(l1haypusecond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynahwldz( 8x+* j:*km)w i;kpv9 enf-enkmics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal proceu6:t2 ndzgv5ys ,7ou bss, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in internalo,2 b5vzsd:6tgnu y7 u energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. w45 q77hb *prfsokqi+ What is the work d+7qwr o5kb 74qf*sh pione in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What 6rd oy 9h ;szs0f;k*xtxzj2 0kis the change in interna0 tdzxkhos* 2x kzyf0rj;s9;6 l energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a ga-wft av40engz89rqt1- 9x ptvp2w n6qs adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of -panqzqt8fegw4vp9v 0 nwtx 2-r 1 t96the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic pdvg7 p 5f;2jw gd,d,rerocess while doing 25 J of work. What is the change ifddg2vd5rg ;,e7wj,p n internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decrci/k9w u 2dde(;k9ii ieases by 50 J. What is ed9c(/i i9d ;kiuiw2kthe work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal eny2dl6prk l 0uu*roeg *it)9.l:dpt)s ergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the het *lu:k) urig yl)d69lrps2p.0et *doat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volumemuu*h rkpay; 8 ,;ojj1 as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the ,jjp;hu1yrko8amu ;* gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is coo 1,z5hr(tonpl led by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. Ho( tlpr5n1 ,ozhw many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of)np/ya98whu cx j r7j0 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle1s7wxfdmf742fmre8 q nr6s)zh uv .y(. What is the efficiency m 7sz672ff1sfye(.m 4qd8vnwr) rxuh?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% :k3; dpk4rn r5u0vtmisf 0 ;4/vu jy)d 9pirghand receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform i h5p0f)/vuy9s 4d4: u;;jgknvpt 3rri0mikdrn each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of hear 33xh(6urk w5r js5yzeygf43t per cycle. How much hea 4f6 3g3(jur3rw hxzs ry55keyt does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cyeac36t1p6sv+lk2cgf df j/ fl,i4q 0ncle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate1l at n+66js/40 cikfl2d p, eqg3vffc the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 6g*vw-s4e8o3-t mkn,zi2j ny e cb,9t g:4cj qo4 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each cycle.sno*vi 4:-mg ,t,q8z4 jecg3 -jownk2bytce 9

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has pt mahgk9j :4djb4w(; the following characteristics: combg:bt;mjkj pw 9(4d4h austion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has tejr v60nb ft+i1uz* ;vhe following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =6+*iu jbfz;vt 1nvr e0 $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built skrau.yv5-wln 4t1(xp o far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tempera( 1a p xv4-rltwyk5un.ture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pelvotc48 67 e+q f n5 q5mxn2b6xu9tr/ jvosr/lant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of eled b1aeg- t * xiav)m6stnu7h84ctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powegeo *wp.fpn9 a18 q)6vu hqc,br. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine whi e *oe,.ua3txxlp8h2x 9vwwk7 rl9rq/ch operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engiu)x,. xq r f awekt,5cq+bn50hne operating betwn)arw5q+.0tfxub,5 c qh exk,een $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temp)oga7aamx;zc:btt8 o-( m 5rs erature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is 5:goxszt7taa (- ;b8ma)co rm$500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operat6 tclf8nlf. k u+ xwp2x1wpy hr;sk098ing between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the fvxyul54wd4 9a reezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room a4yd wx uv954lper cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment a17qk29 zt+soaxdfv9 rv br8j 8t the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into ak o x tvd9fq1z8b72ar9jv+8rs room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator abso.5/(f xuow ttsrbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cyctws (f5u/xo.t le?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice mel *nod5l5,qe zu5em7 jydlx x2-t at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, 4zun5 up)wuk6rw/5vrthe change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entrop 3:oxy*ym zrxy4jr0sd-g -0vby changesx3vy mz-*0yr0-b4rsd y ox:gj by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at d v)yc*c,(xot$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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