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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is anniwh/hl 9k66,(8pqg.vqg ocz


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is nol ac ay/qj(3i3 change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of th31 s/ lfzr/v-avegz fyizi(+0kv,o;kermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with n oc 9au;*s slv-qj,qi-r4 s;oco change in its temperature. This-q*-,s isjquoc;9s;v rl 4oac process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally frfogm da05wx p2y gfmza*pv)m7-e7*0m om 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the0 gm7) p7 em fv*dm0ag 2w*opa-xm5fzy gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-halfb5dg-03 e.n pl7lbbsf its original volume during an isothermal proc5-npgd3bbe7 l 0sf.b less. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L )lan6ok r1xif xfb 8:ny.u:f2. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements y61fx.b )rffniaox :l: uk2 8nis correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During t d0cfw1f8s1i vhe event, the ga 1cffv1w8id0 ss exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamlh,wnfhe)g 7s ./ nqk)ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half ik1 fv c28ewa x.e89hno 787ecka.wkgkts original volume during an adiabatic process. The final press evk7w. e.ecgfo9 h8nx1kk8a872kawc ure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one crm5zgu ed2 sb.o uzp2 76g3- ken-r:zzontains k-gpmb6 5znee 3gsuod.7r2:z ur2zz- $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one co30p2r ife;po3/2g2 a xhh ixdqci9u,cntains ipu9eq cg2oxd3f 0i ic,/a23hr;2pxh$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diav* shwpecsp/( r2.a4 -bstv n6gram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric processtsskow7 y*, f9qjcl n0h-bb7., there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of th/guh* uawt a6-*c8q o6c7zhixf,fpj+ ksns*. ermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as bmo u01( uf9imheat is added to it. This proce(fuo09i1 bmm uss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy au*ho,e kge *3yre transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a he3*g* u,yoe kresult, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram i8lnd m4,f 0/+bl9vwm /oc tajss


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, theh jw0g1awaa+2 se gi7u)jua7 .re is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamur cwas zp2):4ics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to aprt82dqnes 23 rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This procen8 eq r23t2sdpss is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat eeiobn1kjo6t8+e.o + z,m s :tanergy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a resu:b ea6+8jkt.o+ so o,m zie1ntlt, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodyn) bq5bggsk+ 6kamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat fr2tye*2 srae4vom a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to apx 83 k3nnsdr;/am4e-eh3o uh hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according a a-+w d)bvmg,pd nx92* sbpk8to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Duri/viaq/6b qc bkib 097 e9dlk-yng one cycle, how much work is done by an eq ky9aii/0v9-7 k/bcql 6 bbdengine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is-: osw)(khkj (elmu fm8( )nes defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 1gej--2 r/fjhd 00%, the heat sink must ej-/h-fg 2dr jbe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis*h rzvykdf4,p9+np 1 ets of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the secondo-8l8nsfkd/t47x6 n rfq8c xu law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the rat; x(uxrd4lz -e( mct/fy7o 9 ies5(lbnio of7t yu4x/ zcfo59dmbli(n (xs;-l( ree

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of ai(pmj7ckp s/*h f)p+d heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wat 4 j-ssh0*ibh2 u4parfer

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics8uodu bm29q7 ts+6 ozc, for any process that may occur within a6uto+oz9c78 s qb2mudn isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statemyp f4br.5/l cv :t-yrsjxp76c ent of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics 3fwlvd pja) b22x5bm/leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gask omc).c)s tzd 0;bocn r5;ix1. What is the change incctzcomxo ) s 10 .;rdn;5b)ik internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of h 5,mpdrz++e:yrwe) oh vy6rm7eat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the eyw m5 m+por 7e+, yh)rd:zvr6work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is9 vmr vvdv6f/u0+* uqw -400 J. What is the change in u* /uvf6dmvqv+ 09wvrinternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is lj f9j.,xxje 4the change in internal energy of tjxl .jfjx 94e,he gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of wor:u6 ejbmtrvr4 1tt, u/k. What is the chang6r1 m/t:j,4e rubvutte in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. f1e. + ,kevoec What is the work v1ceo.k,e+f e done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process2 nc1zk2dul x, m*3ccy, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchang u* kdy2z32nmlc1 cxc,e?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it (+oc w tq63dl- qx7pfgis cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gax pc3dql( go+ 7ft-6qws?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 c+t q cssed8v1.jl.x -K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in tl1c8 .+ tdjves.sq-xche sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.ih/:79u m mab -wgdpu6)wbg u;0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J ifw ;ib1 :wymbh ,k+3hn z5twi.l7y/uh n each cycle. What is the efficiency:y/mw, 1u liw5w.h zk7;yhftb bi+nh 3?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat pe utvb+s)fxi,zcnc wdr 5 ae,/1hn+ .x,r cycle. How much work does it perform in each cycle?5,,xc,banx. nscihtv w fr1ezd /)+u +

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of q + x/6hj xx6io7*lxlhheat per cycle. How much heat does / jli7q*6lxxhhxx 6o+ it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcnkskk7iu( sir:x 9hjx0 st 768al of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate thejish:7stkx 8 ks7(x6k 0niru 9 efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal ofcx .y8 kyx9c7c heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculateyy9c 8 xxkc.c7 the work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built7) 6hbo ;1vgc zyaxfbw. y8uz* so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature = ;6 ) ah ovy*b7bfwgxz1zyc8.u$1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has u3)hpx*uqd.23 y3ayy0bh wc n the following characteristics: combustion chamber tempewqbu hxyp.c0yu3*hyn 3d)a 32rature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chae )rxf jhjh8u0ix4)wn,u(u+pwj *3 fwracteristics: cwj u8e r+f j43p)uhi(n fw)jwx, xh0u*ombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powe 8l3 17jdz2oibx.e 7 ovrc(mypr. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric pv +7y43xevpk ab36sp jower. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plantmrpmfg 217 n/pob z*g/vg;uz: uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an enginy*p7l0dc55edfd xo4m e which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operatingjs)4+ fj sd71qzjmpcb58 fu+a betweef jpm)q 7+u1csbd4s 8fjaz5j+n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carno:um0 ,xrx yk-kt engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot rxu ry,kk-xm:0 eservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwbw( s6/q5cl3lxowcat*inqed*h6k 34 een $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartme b3g- xhcp48jnnt at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into jgpb8n43xh c- a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 k 5qzoj-b (9nenJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycjqo(5 n-nz9 eble. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat 2 vg00j*d2v22jskyc 9v m tr -axdv3bnfrom the freezer and expels 356 J of heat vv3tgb 2nvc0ja 2m2dy9rv2 s*dx-j0k to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 5q y8en4.w5 p1dd cemk-0 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entrkqq-4a)r/4 -; p kmxgwyoqn)sopy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes oq+( 1awwekc ;enc,t -an isothermal expansion and its entropy changeske;+nc,t c qww(eao1- by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 9dkk05 yt s4 :r0xhst;o+vosd $80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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