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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is r06ekg1pjd/ 05zkznrgh:8do an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal proc*sqcjjj0z cq (+7p eu58zm nt4yl8r*pess, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamift*sz3fxur8)i k :/s ocs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change in its t:x6yrn :4cz68ln d(d ut. etxyemperature. T6nttd.xl uy:x6 dz:( 4 8ncryehis process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process( ffxv1m k/y.b, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. Wmb1(xf/v f.ky hat is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compre8 h4swe dt(e m3hc 4me36j7svhssed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The fina 4tc6( 43eevsh7jmewd hs83 mhl pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothey b);hy69rd *vz kp*v*lzgdj(rmally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expend*plvh;b)kygd z*(v*y j 6d9z red by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated enviro(tccfkdu7) ;lnment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This procesu(ckd7 )fc;lt s is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tgb;yqmh5l80( m2 q2m 6smgo jbhermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume du1not;o,y x*d+: pnasjring an adiabatic process. The final pressure ofopj od* y;n x,+ta1s:n the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identv/gvk l08bf+ pical in all respects except that one contains+v fbg k8/plv0 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all re7ev0b n-mx7)p/ jbuv espects except that one containsjp7 0bu/mve bex-nv)7 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram i 7+p4oiztad uz: q-+iss an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there isdred)c krz;v 7o(5/ da no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody8w(*edr l ew+qnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added/a: h9mffvlot. 3jf3 n to it. This procesn9of /j :.l3thfm3vfas is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat ene4g 2-pg;fwxr ;ye(gd6wq o(torgy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pre- qg fo(rpg;(6e g2yw;d wxt4ossure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV mlj jqpw jasbe mom+*a-/ bk9e33 w ,sg:n+;y7diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric proco dt:- fe1ymdmf- ./qiess, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of the h upw2cve:ka plpz /u5lh1/v* 6)m8rdrmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as he iw: wbf -x9h+dc3m;apat energy is added to it. md:i h+ca9f;wpx bw3- This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energye nf*y,0 o3zkl are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant vo3y,nf zk*loe0 lume. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamicslcwip1p/(qg7q w. ug+.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoia;.vcq p lve2:r to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot resekdjr9r- hrxyh,-)i m4rvoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according totv, g57mo7o( qjas0to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Daydq3c 7 uy/5auring one cycle, how much work is done by an engine cy7aa q53uy/d operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine i:,dqqtuoj2e. )o9erbjd0 gh - s defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 1/h(.z c8ev-/uj a :jjacz r(mua0hnt h6 x81ts00%, the heat sink must e 68 ( j/mahh/:st.1czja-ravnuj8thx(zc u0be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consis 0kn ttc qkkf7o6 +h)7r2..m t+zopmwzxr;ea 3ts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Plan7/jcnibw k9dyfvm 9tr.7rs)4 ck statement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a ret+mr l.vh,r66 ;tud4suzx uhs 192f qhvsc5l9 frigerator is defined as the ratio ofxds v tl.59hmvc;9u rqu f6t+4h6,lz2r 1sshu

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performauw*- gxfs7ms- dj v0j7wfhe:/ nce (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of tg.c z6*7gzmin3 t1x ,f.ak hiohe water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of ther*zn30 lmns 4ykmodynamics, for any process that may occur wit3 m*z l4kynn0shin an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of ther0t2zt+wi t;* gpbpx,fmodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to h8dfq ,:jai/lconclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ib2*ru+xicvy5 deal gas. What is the change in iix +bvr5u2cy*nternal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. mh1p 00tlj1wo-dcpp *f-e kx3 What is the work done- lpef-*3w0 octmd0xk1p p 1hj in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. l fnalas7)2mr4 *hmx d s(91jkWhat is the change in7xf1hma4 ksj(*ld9nmr)a s2l internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. Wha+qpz(bntud;qy,c jbo7e-* f8t is the change in internal energy of the gas,e + (bpbdj c;8ntz7qou- qy*f?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic prok fjif(wq n.e/+j,m, xcess while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in ei,fwqf/j. jn km+(,x internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whs+v m-ri:*urmd0rpb 0at is the work dobrm m*+ivd 0ur0rs-:p ne?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreasesftspprio0kr4,(81u+r)y wf a by 50 J. What is the h,a(4+f 1k ywr i0ropp)rfut8s eat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is*b6x kn(p- w*s dby3qt cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of enern t(3s-qy x*bw6dkbp*gy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at consta5hwk :r :0bwlchla8e6iksv* .nt volume when 831 J of energy is removed frkkl.5 :*8i 6bwalr secwhvh:0om it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 k-fjxdfhhgg; zzz;fx2s0uv lw ;. a;.)g of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cygz77jub,b y2 vcle. What is the effici7 gy7z 2ubvjb,ency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heg x+tim-x(k 5lat per cycle. Hkg x lx-ti+(5mow much work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiencyj(:n ++3nuj0:vt wgls ovser1 of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it jwgn: s+(0:vone1 rjul3v s+texhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhau, pg4sdu:i ji;sts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of sgp d4iu,i:j; each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat ;za keokoo 28+each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each co;+8o zao e2kkycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characterismioke c1 . 1:4bzix:0pfam ex8tics: combustion chambxe4 18 ixc0a:fmki: m.ebzp1 oer temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far s1x542 9xh wj9bc5 z4qeo5+zv vzgtrn yn3*rwhas the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperax sec z3o r*+vznbj15 4r5vw9n tzyq59 gh24wxture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient w/kg; )flvay (wc6 bz,engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperaturwz,)y lbc;(gv6ak /wf e = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elec )h)mzuip6kcsup+b80 tric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates , dx51eg5l (lgwfnzwd : r,7ng600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The planz-3l,i 8 zt nxqxxeu/6m-bnr 5t uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency sd3oj yvuz,2 2*vawd: of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency 1 en1 wk 37i-fvgbh*fjpossible for an engine operating betwe nb*k 1 73wgif1hj-evfen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a )ha ul b 62rmco)wkh)7Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold 7 h))wul kchoa)r6m 2breservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatinge i l36mivs0f(w./8iujvoyqbps6v11 between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from t5n w 5vkwtjuptc5 0p41 h)o4t/hu3bd xhe freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle.xwt 0k5cj ph t5n3w5uo4uhbpd4)v /1 t How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing,d ,cy1uo i+nh compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 2h dionc,y1,+u4 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation,) s6lcio zl x5op.r80t a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How ri l8tcl.o0 )p 56ozsxmuch work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 u.n9;aa mhzj;)jvdsue+w 4*l g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, thx07nj1hzou3xv1xv :jat;ob2 e change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP u80t 53ea0k-lqj :0j j rkrfwypndergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy cha w0r5e-kyapjkj: 03q0fl8r tjnges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at cyg g z3:c0;tn$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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