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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V ghlc.r* zib5(ilie:- nraph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no c v o:8dj9eovqa*b( fk76 h/ulfhange in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of n 7og6/2lvyx 2t c2u 40mk5l c0rymneithermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no tb,u cl51 k +1bkr q,d71u yt,2rhnnucchange in its temperature. This pro5ncr17yrtkb,,c , bthkuu1u2n1 l dq+ cess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isotq7 jsv(-h)- u hc.rjfhhermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy)hqu hf7h.v-j rj (-sc for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its orig 4,xw;mf 1wqkninal volume during an isothermal process. The final presswq;w4mx1n ,k fure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally fro*xbec kb1viw-j/,b(p m 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by bep,bx/i( w*vbj-1c kthe external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an is0 .b u;jau9hw bii a8(8kdtpj.olated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This pbuk8.u.di i wbhjtjp89aa (0;rocess is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ofe wk8/i bme4t ayzh5-lvk4e+j e+6sr: thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is comaqhw-ow3x 7a8 pressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The fiawhwx- 8q73aonal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical inq try*sf(3t1ioocbg5ikw 81 7 all respects except that one contains c5o(tr8 7 yt1go1wkib 3iq*sf$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders ofyb 3/lf9s ;jsy gas identical in all respects except that one contains s;f sj39/blyy$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thezho2so2(4zv lq *d2c8r mn3ha PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there az g;l 6q-n (v )zde/(uz2iyv(jkng.x is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyn-pc owgd*gcj.ef e*9)amics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Thi d 0um*6i t;qq7l6wejp9q3 bto,qt4rh s procesq40l pt,u6i3wqqm679ejqbdt;th o* r s is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas a)dbjlg5 -yndi; 7sfg+ t constant py)g-df s5lb+i7j; gn dressure. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is isohx j9ohzq.(5. ae16mf0oq


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, m x: o 0;k;4wvelj3bsethere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ther(wv8in llyvz3tkrn..p9 .fep (3c.w imodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid containex1s 9 epg5s3picde1z. r that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it.ss.3pcze g9p xdi115e This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are t+hn5 )0b fofworansferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. h)n5bf +0oofw As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics.pza: n*u3;i.*h;rag m;mdf r y
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer hea ,i, 8 xbl+j6zmb)dqwwt from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a s5ax b2e09+/mbw z ws,wh-eyehot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodk +veg vqp. 4*nbdw8a+*am vq.ynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illuk*d8p y vncvo7l-,lff txn p7p5dw*66strated here. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engio-d7l5c7pkd6wf xv* p8y6lvt fn,*np ne operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defuw1 )vorf p*9fined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink egz2/iw-e tn+muie2zwn -t /+gest be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofsps4 - z;1sxht

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement9 br0o6a 5quxy9dzr(id hk6/m of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratdi0)kya4 ew f5io ofdf0a4 ik5ew y)

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of t/n/b: vqo maapqyjc 0,:+8oza heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the fbhbj6e l2(h* entropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may oxb s yxz0uy029ccur within an isolated system, which zy0xx yub092 sone of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement ov(4rvjb j q,1vvj:vfkz); s 4yf the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thea- n:i2i2vaz+d9*ynbernb: hrmodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat*e my)ijgvp*w 5p8b 93r7kcoy is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal ener7k839*ge *w5cbimpo)y yrvp jgy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal procwg81q5win4u g5v0 m nzc ets,5ess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the procegzquit 05ws4nn5,e5 gv1 8c wmss?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process 4jev f;j-;fjs+1kf dmis -400 J. What is the change in internal energkjf;f4 m-d; efjjs 1v+y?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabo6kseee5k4 gh(9u+ ld) e;:ob y9pbkfatically. What is the change in internal energy op9slh9ofkkge; eed+e4 kbu(b:6)y5 of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing6bljx7 pbs b.6 25 J of work. What is the bbb6xpj7s l.6 change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric proces)h q1+f19zoeke- jychs, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work do 1+jhyee) -ok9cq1zhfne?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the inte sfv y)sku-b:+rnal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whass)k-by+:u fv t is the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a mrlmf9jh5r nk4 h)ee-, 2v)mtkonatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplishedtrenkv5kj-9lm2)h fe) h4mr , by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of enermsb-3 i8 xnn-igy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are ixb3is8-- i nnmn the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wate e5z)p0 lusl9v(/ mziur at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J *mr.y jo7;w 1mv1ve uhof heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the1v1uo7.jm*e;yhv w rm efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an evrfu kthk.b0 726)ss lfficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in .s7tv6 k2h0fsk)brul each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and kzd29ef k,.eg 1m swn54wuot+receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exha4 2.of+w tenwem,k15ks u gdz9ust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycley(g(onmpo5t 0m 6, m ;ilrf9vf and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of ea5(fm og rl,0o9;my(n6vptfm ich cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exwvd1u7, 53e+t 2hphqzzs) h izhausts 42 kcal. Calculatsiu 5vhqz 37tz+h12hwez p d),e the work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following cs/)htxczd:q9i0(fgi lv3 vw d xl9c* ;l:a f0gharacteristics: combustion acv9vgiz /q 9lffdlx0(;ls:gx0hd )w:i3 t*c chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built q9fez 4e:9 whuso far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber hee9 fz4:q9 wutemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficie5 gg/uhulu/i 9g*emm sl;ys:b3+gq y.nt engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion cham u5/ giqmgh:*y.eblmus gu/ l+g; 93syber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW or4tc.h+ arkh 3l05 vptf electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600o-bzwj; *zm :qz j6.jr1ymbqq/ :j;vp MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electq1y7vk sw ; r ow7iy79vf,tytwz -4:gbric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates xo b1c. :d; cbvti +shbe01w7jbetween $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating woy0*+zr* md:,grq gbbetween rdy0:g+zw g*m, rq*bo $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engineaqgp*/7. st b lyd*l2o is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reseaoyp*l*b s d/tlq.27 grvoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating bez6c-f+lfagx 7i) g/ay j 5uk+itween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of p-k io7p pm.v+/b udw*20 kJ and eje -kod pb/p+.w7*vmuipcts 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartme5+m0f9z-a v qlod ii3 co2x* rwas;z:ku4jk .cnt at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What mo* juzoxwa 2+ i3s r.zq-0cd;9kkia4c :l5vfis the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of oit*,l( dawv f+peration, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input isl*+w dvt i,(fa required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in enty: fnyzy8ilzo7t, pjbm75f: q,,v.spb/ib r *ropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the nwt9vs3gdbal6sy(* - change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isotherm 4+z4 hydutcy6al expansion and its entropdhu4t4+ yc6zyy changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at z ;mi4:3s 3rmh+x cydc$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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