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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph 7xdd0 d 2tttqn0f9-csis an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, ysc6et 9 pn)hb+ .ujl,there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thendps - 3psub sz o(g.7k4v)j3yrmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its origina0gebu 4 ozi,f8l volume with no change in its temperature. ie4fg8z0 ub,oThis process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this pror mr0f) 5kpqp8cess, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy qr 8k0p 5pm)rffor this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original ecueb+g 28g3w volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of the 2eg w+8ebgc3u gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from ia4auy) 73q7mf ca)es20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of7)4muq7as ca ay)3 ife energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. mdqlc +1+l*jv During the event, the gas exchanged no heat w +j qll+vc1m*dith its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ther kc obqu7e c1,cqf)f4;modynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half isfz0: z29jq 7niojc*, g3gejsts original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of th9 g io0:c zs,*jn23jj gs7feqze gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders . -f6ettqv2e(z5qgewof gas identical in all respects except that one contains tt(fve 6e5qw 2z.eqg -$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identowhck79 94zc v.dra0rk82 lovical in all respects except that one contains 9rc07kk.29 da8z w rho covlv4$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram imyj (c qum83,ps an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, thereppkh-f2y7l)un4 m io yop-i 3f 5jg6,d is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo2bzhjqc 7 ,bf;dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Thi- l* 2;o s1iosmreey4cs procelo;* smise re214-yco ss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constanlnmnj -w4 z33 6t8hdmlt pressure. As a result, the internal energy of the 3zn8dmhwlnlt m4- 6j3gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagr :x*la34wky:d*ksk -gh c +3 ;omkyvyram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is noowq+ :/)abl6 7g kcnd +b/dvib change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo1qtdhbs2e m -uf53v8 ldynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy65i +-n,1sbwb o fg+ ktxcxik7 is added to it. This proc +ks b7g,wicbt6i51+k-nf oxx ess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are2ksfz o+)u b1l transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal es f)zk21l +bounergy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermo nj+f l3*y4djo a9:aqidynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to ae s :k;842-8gtrhegm xfmew c+ cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat f8x (+txh / lq8yxinji)rom a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clau6wa( g(c.hiqap aj c.:sius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During on,0ebw xj4i+pz e cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating on zei+j04p w xb,this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio 3m:b mo *h 2xdfq/lm4ewzq)*iof

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, thetsx s--;mmzvbh5n1 5e.q cpv4 heat sink must.;p--zc 41xnqtevhb sm vms55 be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consix4hif t.y *nh:sts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynaarlcita*k0 7 wt0y +v3mics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrige4qsqw y5 65hjerator is defined as the ratio ofwjqy e54 qsh56

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio o k u9cr44cqrf 813m3eokyj6nv f

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy:nc vd9v3 6awn :)pcpk of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process that may myd7sf)(dc4.buj i:p occur within an isolated system, which one of the choice dyj7dsm p: ci4bfu(.)s applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of t:kyc 6)oo(rfv hermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics lea9hq/ u v+8zx0,sh zk.jjp*sspds us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal (6wx2ns p6lk.ucap() rb9 mqm gas. What is the change in in wm9c xrp 2(l6na(.)k6 qsbpmuternal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal prochh h+5os7om *vess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the ho*m7 h+s 5ovhwork done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an idepbb 97 fvpf8-t1 jwko+uk8i9lal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is th-1 8j7ffovb lki9+wbu9 ptp8ke change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a z)e+k3;i efk8-e n rmh;zzj*khx i6u5tnw. a 4gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy of the 8mi zenz;k k+5.h *-3jkneru64 fhx et)iza w;gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doirgsix: j-4d cq32ca; dng 25 J of work. What is the change c3xdq;:djrag - 2ci 4sin internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a 1/p3nmal-ftz3 2m htz system decreases by 50 J. What iszma1/t 3-phm3 znt2fl the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decrumuu 9wjl tnld a16,+5eases by 50 J. What is the heat e5 lu 9lt1 u6nd,jau+mwxchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatoms pkf- po41 kguv* 5vm(se-n8tic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from 1-8ksvvns fk- *g eo5ppt( 4umthe gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cono501 xzt x*tloled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed fo t* 0xnzt15xlrom it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water at o;i cf)tjarw0 m:wr9 h:g5jf :e9sj-n$80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of h 12 ebeu9f:4z+o9epdgjdt tkkf6z 35ueat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efg9zk2f: 9u 3 fd p6j4u t5be+tdz1oekeficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an effiw vzn7.f:.yb zciency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in ev nfy 7b:zw..zach cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% an5/mt.x9l si6 2pdc9 +hdioapnd receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in eac/dm ico 9+ psp95t6x.2nahlidh cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 6i+a0zj3q0yyju7 9 dkb 4 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate kajqb d093i7yujy+ z0the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculat :dec:ymed ))ye the work done ed )c)eyd:: emyach cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has t dec n:6)2, vwsxlo1kche following characteristics: combustion chamber tempera)k,sc: 2nev 16clwxodture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the fol nre5 .jhqx0l,lowing characteristics: combustion chamber temper nxql ejh,r.05ature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines6fo k5r/,ukyr built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature = ruok k65,fr/y $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power.c/ c9idc b ib)oqb8f hd, 0j1ia(-u7xt The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of e.jk) -ktmc hm5lectric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electri1 d1+ .vaqhut7kv)y wnc power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which +skd a,w2skhhv y5 h.t+*gw .aoperates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical e9y ff,zm032a 3 ftnlv(9dmlcxfficiency possible for an engine operating betweenn,mzmc2f xf(ld 90v9f t 3l3ay $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35ih c5ow l8dcup7zt+ 16.0%. What is the temperature of the cold rel8 5ozt1hp 7c6dcu+wiservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betcf9ypi :*o-oiween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of xf3( )fi vn;bo wp;03eiaywk1 xx7e6z 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is requ1(x6w)0i7kf 3 b;nfw 3ayexvxioez p;ired in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing cot6li7:* a we ws*n2kldmpartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ intoidw7we2s:l k6a* nl *t a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat7 uoggnnxl;+5onqxt *l9 l4q 9 from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much w*lqln5x n x499ugoqg;7 l+not ork input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change inc k3iji8s x:9v entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entropy i)1: w cgdpu.tf7bi3he s

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes 3co:7t 6f sylv+:ofxwan isothermal expansion and its entropo x6:3o+ l: tvy7sffcwy changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at rnb)0g m+t ie ,84pxhq$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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