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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graphlfgcqleb0 +z2v kv/0- is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change inb.w*/+dp r rhq

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ofvni1eyv zem +p:no8x (zdy6;vq:8 :ip thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice :)ztf 1o znv,qits original volume with no change in its temperature. Thi:zf z)1ntvoq,s process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isoth c .sh4( hxrhn b, 8.gk7gbcg6cub y5v09d1mypermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of e vbyr6bsu1gc9h .mxd8n4ykb 0 5(gch7p,.ch gnergy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume duringon/v a2oq0u /g)bp(ov an isothermal process. The f0 2bqg/ (v/)npaoou ovinal pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. Durinw hp/2f5o1b ypw 38ny m)tk(fig this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. bkp3yyo1 n wp5i mt/)h2(w8ff Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During the ev1v )bl5+ jut yjj6icd3ent, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This prouyv)5ci lj1 jj3dt+b6cess is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,n/7ci4c w +pwh d*nllvt+ 9yb9 $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume4h/ a:ma g1qfgz18dq pm (xok. during an adiabatic pr 1.aq4h/mazqd f xo8:mkp1g g(ocess. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that di9en2 ,i ;hr 3anz;ptone contains ;9idnt, nria3zhp2e;$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical y 6ffk. )u6yh)shsn8fin all respects except that one contains )fsuy 6 .h8yfksnfh) 6$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagrabchtghk.rnh 90sv74 3 m is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric proce ho83 3iy fkq)ob+4pl;stw2ufss, there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ther ees,.mb( kd ggd(04gsmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. This+w5il:g rx 6mb process iil:6xbwr+ 5 mgs

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gxur15z2vafu b.uvx 0 xl2:vs0 as at constant pressure. As a result, the internal eneusu21 xavvb zfr x:.u5l00x2vrgy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is ox4j0)l( 9ovkqt kz fg4 ewq.,


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no changs u0 qhg b9o3h9- bddyx93n.tqe in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynaptwm+t6 uuj1 -mao*6fmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy i, km3q,s p+.sxv:qtd zs added to it. T+3sqt ,mxvkdzq,. p: shis process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas:gqez;5 -k6y8 db:9gmcz grte(pl xa9 at constant volume. As a result, the be (p z9- emgxga9zcqd8k6tyg;:l5r: internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamict isf 1bit,8cc 2/ljp4s.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold re ,/ria fw*y(scb;1d*h jfb+ayservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold r/kmd 2 7x35 pfuc0i3 kx,mhfogeservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accordin/me-2btk 7n3a+m.ajd kn4ppng to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cyxq l d6r/x:;dycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how much work is done b ;xqxy:d6 l/dry an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat eng9u;bhc 2 : hx15hmarwtine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnev ljt,+r 4ta.b tv3b/ot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink muj3 4tvbbr la/e+t .tv,st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consist.g (ezy,n gxalp.i*l2e 6e5;q k/xrm us of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck stst9 jgy8 j)fg v3(j kr796cbsjatement of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defineimn7l.ps r+hbtr)cvf9* y)d + d as the ratio oy* )sl +m+rth )9.crnvbp7fi df

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of perfor edy:l+m.gd0lgn j o/ tkqx6*3mance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropyt*eh 57 dqwg9wis)sr/w08il q of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermody k eup-6*3kxs(xl2 orqnamics, for any process that may occur within s2p (uq-6koe*xr lk x3an isolated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of :a nn..4ks.nslmoo ,zthe second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermvw+y b-* 2 ggv w*8uzeg 83twzc;g-sgxodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from2baa hq; 6w/v*lvnl 3k an ideal gas. What is the change in inqn 3blva/lwkv ;ha2*6 ternal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gasm71y- y8;aug/5utwpbj-*nqq+f tk vg . What is the work g n-pj ubw/gyyt 1qau8 -qvf7+ ;mtk*5done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. cr8g+6(lofamr sxn14 What is tgx6 nmr+1s8 4 arf(clohe change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is tpfu l u252yitp3s/;ln he change in intern3puf25 t/y n;ls u2pilal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing jm07x 1iz6sec25 J of work. What is the change in internal 6jxcimz7 10se energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system dex g77xrirm6z a78ifo h1*s -mzcreases by 50 J. What is the wo76gi imzrz-fxs *1x 7 78ahrmork done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, thec+y1uu l u49;coecf 6m -cw,xl internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the he1;cce9y uf4lx ,cm l6-uuow+cat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it isik1 ))drb,m /yd-bpgq cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J ,k-b1gir) bd)mp d qy/of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is reppg+w4 +c, ,t aj:61gs awqqkemoved from it. How manyqk,we:6wt1 p gqga4j+,+scp a moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wat:ye2yjqkgxab l:): 8 k xug21rer at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 u1pw v +2bq8rcJ in each cycle. What is the efficie1 +c2quvwr8 pbncy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and r+jr+,qm bn 5hmeceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How mucn+q+mrm ,bh5jh work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efxsjnmx,,. g )3yol6fn6*k fe* xt3x q91fsgjh ficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in each cyc 3 y 9 ,.flknxfx)*xg6st3fx so gjjm1q,hen6*le?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat iv /.4i4:p dvlmq(jdhyw1.jjeach cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of eac .j1jdp4 4q/dvyilv j(:wi.hmh cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs o- sox-nrucap.)-qs8 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate th sqxn)c8s--u- aro po.e work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the 1p 21jki3pkiy1)cjjf following characteristics: combustion kki)yjj1ip p23cj1f 1chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteris ondl1f9bvza0l49 pjze6r- :d - b4yy9lpi9nw tics: combustion chamber temp-zn l npw0odvr:z9bye16-i 9 44 p9jy df9bllaerature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follo5 ;rhunki u)/:3tytagwing characteristics: combustion rhg uk;tuy tia:)35/n chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electr 4i43 eefiny(vm31zk5)d nhw uic power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant cw6 b)i2 khsr6olq(3kuses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power49x 0de u h-wq7vs*vi3sp3u op. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates8mv:5gs ,xh he1 0tlza.pzmv * between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possib 3r81a c 2u1+ hilt7ngvlw7srkk,z6xlle for an engine operating between l1c +s6 nz3ia72w ,tuxr 8h1lk vlkg7r$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the 4g c9 3ihen(5m+vwdgbcold reservoir if thehv(en +md9iw4ggb c53 temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operato 5k :rs) nhecppd.q+x; et;6m :.fwiging between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes hem86k 2cqk:vv yat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room v 28kc y:m6vkqper cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator remove i.8ck9zlj+ uos heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into 98j +lzco.kui a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of op6+ t/momou b2e4v*haxeration, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cxau2oh bt v/4 moe*+m6ycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entro023i* z1a(pnev4tlvea x)b f8 sl,vmopy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, tr9g pi5u-5el*jev x x;he change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isotherma ,d1 j,yi)lqurl expansion and its entropy changesy uirj1)lq,,d by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at x)1 dkkg4 bf w6ex8l8x$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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