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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is ai7 v)21thwiw)9qunb hquhct ,q1xq8 3 n


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change xk6w k0q r)cduh8 :n8rin

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodi(c-xp+ e x e1gf xoo6px,(;udynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its origin/qjk 2(c /sdbval volume with no change in its temperature. This procedvqcb / /s(k2jss is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 rm rg7(; .ylvtzj*fqd9zxy++ L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of ;zl+yqg( +x7r f.9v*ryztdjm internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume duri /j6gsf*e8gsgf,q9s gng an isothermal process. The fina,sjgses96* f/ggq8fgl pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanjm rv 7jdkh0)(ded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external ( v0m hrjkjd)7mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated eka x2iqkzh.7zqq5o;6vqsi,0 v kg )9mnvironment. During the event, the gas exchan)6qzavgsmhkqzk,q2 q o5i7;0. ikv9xged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of tht,8z6fhy e+va2 0sez) tg m2caermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compreud2pf4 wrx.-z:aug1.f 51 niq5ptn lnssed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The finaqlpn5 dfgrn-p1 n t4za 1xf:u2..wi5ul pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of ga,v 1z +gro2 ymtvv-q6as identical in all respects except that one contains vqgv+mv- r y1,t2a6oz$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas idcnrb 9d7/nea 92c0ahpentical in all respects except that one contains d927pcha aren9 /c nb0$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is 1ae lkc)ynwj-fx/ oj3,vwr 91 an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no trnn/.-ot;9pto;w 9 rp if+tgchange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamirl- dd8)yxm3s cs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is xm r5c2g . nbfh:+wr:vadded to it. This process nrf2:r+:5vbx gcmw h. is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constanti vwf8je69ss; pressure. As a resultvi6s9 w8fejs;, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagr g9h4q l,yxxp(am is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no change ii7t) /hlhrz *in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermy l3h0hbj+.m godynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expan.wfq( by pnq1in9:chk;rz 6 2ed as heat energy is added to it. Thni92wh;6zfq .ce bp n1:q( kryis process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a samplsbgpz7 :s sil;ch w jfti0(:r+e;1/y,p wr-l ie of ideal gas at constant volumegsp+fl0-;ibeitlh,7/siwz:(: sp1;rwj yrc . As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of 2ne( vbr g7sy)thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfen0 08( b:ptxdx (pfxlyr heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a col l f+gnlj4 b 0,n1jvkfpq17g+kd reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamicss.*q 1sfxqnouy2 1nf g+ws m(4 according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one c/pqoffgzb+t l/f a4u81u. c+ kycle, how much workl p4fff+ct. /uaqu+bz8k o1g / is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined8/ 0o cy0,fs omemj/wx as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot enkcu9qfojz0j (ji:v0r5pk9 / ngine is to be 100%, the heat sink musn z ck p0qk(j5joi/j9fr0u9v:t be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consisiq8- f+uze ltv4 jsd1(93scpzts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodsk4 cfq/61dov ynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of pearz3j1pdv -qzl /:fo0 rformance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of1jlv- zr 3pa0z/oq d:f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the rat f4tfh*m 0 /qx6pca2ooio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entro1+l0lpg7pyswu7; x k8xau gj/py of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics,f hzsekd*d2(9 for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices ze2d k*hs d(9fapplies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statemeldb or/h 3//)ghttqs;nt of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us t6e jth0zht.hvv6*di8, a4 xdno conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process,)uyg +o i69xed 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in d9yxg)6 uieo+ internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is r)4xok :iqr((o,rqjt3 4rx uniq.:hj o(us+ sgemoved from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the pr)+ roqxgxst:uo.(3q:j jo4 (h r 4 ni(usk,riqocess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas sjpx ij6vd7 se i7t8 o8gyb(x:3ystem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal energy? 7 38g ej7b(xx: py86dtoiivjs

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. 0ma +eli(/lxcWhat is the change in internal energy of the gas?c(all+mx0/i e

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process wh )-a gw)bn8rjx/.pgdu , h7pxyj,v m9kile doing 25 J of work. What is the change in uja8pd)y7n,.m)x, gwxvk 9rb / -gpjhinternal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal hfeokkjrlad/x0n33;zj3 7 7l energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What fj ka7jl zl/3odx073r ne;h3 kis the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal e7fli6w5e 2nk hnergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat 2lh e7knf6 wi5exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a q n bp2b)hqe;:u*l*ydmonatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. pnh2**;d):q b ebulqy How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant voluh m0f)m ffs ,r,l7tnb6ywq 17ime when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many)tmfy6,71h ,f b7n qi0rfs wml moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of (uz2 -2zae0888ja rrmrje .dku8cyvqwater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat an;ibyl9u9ydb0 d loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficiencu 0y9;bib 9ldyy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and rec14 btxud g1lrv j,zm6 -2tg: z::wqvsbeives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform i lw: 4:s rqugtz6bbd,v-2:jz 1vx1tmg n each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and recei.npmg9vzqe*z 8) lyx /ves 150 J of heat per cycle. Howg) 8*9l.mve/xqnzpzy much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhaustal r8a1rkk *jde( *d9hs 42 kcal. Calculate the effici k1l8(djar*rae9 hk *dency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhaust4lqbbfe5:g 6vi iov8jds+4. gb8aw l6s 42 kcal. Calculate the work done g84eb+ofgi46vi.6l:5 wsbv8 bjl qda each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the fo3fsntnz tz ;73ya/md)llowing characteristics: combustion ch n7n;a)ydzttz3f ms /3amber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has 4yh9g-gn - b5xq+vtmathe following characteristics: combustion t5gv -a 4ybq xm9-+nhgchamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristii74t kndwg :(ueg0i s-cs: :ug0iis(kentg4 -d 7 wcombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant us2e47uh m+zv 8 tfrynp)es $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric po gxk6p. e z,hhdu.)5auzy0x 5ewer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric po+pju (nhdx7o(p jb;oix,91 dhwer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates between 0- l8fg 91v8gwcq qffp$450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency pq5 fog c) ,nnlnag1f6-ossible for an engine operating betwenqag)6fno, lnf 1-5gcen $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carno nova,qld qq axfwe91/*0te4.t engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold /qel*o t9 a q nv1efq,x4a.0dwreservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betwe,g2 ,wysl*wri9ns8 uob v)x; ben $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartm 5enqa6.k fw0pent at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cy npake5q. f60wcle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the fre f(.a6xs74x;jo ow;ly fx7spiezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coeffios;l 74x; siw.fax(xo 7jf yp6cient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 (l/2av/ zi hd;,uznli J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of hd/v zla i,i2nz;lh /u(eat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropye-yst zog m79lkx, 2a;l rbh,2 when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entropqy7ij-p7 iz9 an7y1 kdf( hmt/y is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal e5 hs:zzigcooocr-l8 tj1i. .you0-(dxpansion and its entropy :g.l dhszo ot.-ijy o0 cz(iuo8c-r15changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at ,jjoxdn)1vhs6l dn;+ $80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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