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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V grap1vqyt p:7wx)li0 :ia dh is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no ce; p,9 uk-pxrowtdkt 01f;:eo ju4,rdhange in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam(y *a ag0l +gc)x*75e h wpp7ktyep2fwics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its x4+cx 3o xs-kmoriginal volume with no change in its temperature. 34xs xkxm+-co This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressegyd+by3;ky +1 dz20bmwr 0ic-s huk7 id isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of en gy d ui1+dkh3wy-rsc;ky0bim2+zb 70ergy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its ua0y;1nlq mr /bk 5i/woriginal volume during an isothermal process. Trwyui/lk/n0;aq51b m he final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. ba*9sdk: 5e vw: zlo .ym3hx9gxpe3w8 During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that 3*:m z9:d ehyx59ola3ev w k8xsp.wbg expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment4n6slha/6yo d: dd1g t. During the event, the gas ext/4:naolhdd6 1g dys6 changed no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ojl2) qvr,we b*f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original;nnt b2- th-ts volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of the ga;bshtn--n tt 2s

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gac)jxww. cl7 yk+zt3 (2mpp5nus identical in all respects except that one contains (+ywnu5jp2zl 3wcm.c)7p txk$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identip/qk;f mq :;e qok3a9qcal in all respects except that one contains;3/e;qakqfom :kpq 9q $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dne;;ebh2m8jq( 0e*dn nsh qkar gr/*8 iagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change l cxo, /f(x(. 1xxifneilbhx36rob(v g)po:.in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo vfa 8m-:lge (t9( 6xnhubcx)odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pres6 crek.vhw 9 (zb74pa o8nizmvp4.bt+ sure as heat is added to it. This procesbbc7 8pza.46riz(pv.o+ nk e 9thv4w ms is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at const763mf * xjj 9qs:vn t 14wqzk-n01-dybywtmpzant pressure. As a result, the internal energnt m:0q m-zj*7 f4tjp36ywk9d-zvsb1 y w1q xny of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagramweaq36bsa-xi)gt :uz8 ex.8o is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process,r5(d(t(v i/avsp3,jpfsh5 ls there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o0h);trqb l y4u1 *dv(htvfag :f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid c;+r*4b i:v t txwil.gkontainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. T kiw;brg. vt+*lx:t4ihis process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant bj4w j x)oa 6e;qb6tk*/qpnw ;volume. As a result, the internaoe4a6 / n j*)xkbtwbq6; wqp;jl energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thedwg2lct3/vw 7rmodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reser(w, gyjx8fz0v voir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold 2sh( ,b-k: f*guet*uz6h3 vk xqgiitc6q*.i freservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clau vzxkz1hz - -;z2pv7xf4kb1fssius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle,*a,89sz. pu5k qx.k:wckp bib how much work is done b p*cqkw9k u z5, bbxs.:ik.a8py an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine i tvrd.tb4 uap49);ms bb.nx-ps defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink mxe,;l *0mpa boust0xe ,p lboa*;m be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consix o+m5+d79e y cwr:ixz.9 brojsts of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the secv/ :7- uoftm6soroa3 lond law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performanprsrzp:y 7 ;r(l brx+1ce (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of rl+1y(: xr;rpzr7bps

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is40)hg mv 9 fh5c/zuv-suy+tjc defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entro8:xu/o rw tu-tpy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, f2ey 4-j-ti9 m.v dogyuor any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices applio-d9ytgmi ey.j- u v24es?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second l)mdot 60b )ei:vaqh+h aw of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to n*m3 8ilv xlb3bi98aeconclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is-x:oxaf /.le:gf(h cirwnv4 3 removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in inter/aole chg wf :n3(v4-xi fx.:rnal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal processkk ls-x0qfj5. df ei33, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the proxf kljs3 k5ie.0-3fdqcess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal pen -c51 )fipkek 1ri3orocess is -400 J. What is thec3)o rk pe1i i1kn-5fe change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done(. aku kgawsz;fyj0b* nt0b2 ) in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energw0g abubt ;knsj.k fya0)2*( zy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic pro3 :.yfqwr zxqle2(fab(3x es0ua*4jtcess while doing 25 J of work. What is the e2s(zl:b. ( 0jff *rwaq3t x3y4euqaxchange in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. W /mb 5udg4czqg/5 vn(-xcd+ ryci rx6.hat is thbrcy /qx5- m cg5(+dxcvrzg idu/4n6.e work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a xc/ ;x2v.dvwtsystem decreases by 50 J. What i/ .twx 2v;cxdvs the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic wy6xpo2sj,ec 6x z*705jfgv dgas is maintained at constant volume as it is coole xes6 x 2,zvcj05djg *wp6oyf7d by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by .vqnlkbh 9-2v50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are inhnk 2.-qbv9lv the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of w:ne fv/l5d sg6z6pbn:ater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receivem+srr,, xse;falt p8g(,x5r ms 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the ef(r; xm5xte+,,p gls ms arr,8fficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an eff +;hv*mzmyo( biciency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform i m+vy ;zbm(ho*n each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150ls+cip2-yz6t-bus :d J of heat per cycle. How much heasc-6 b udziys-2pt+l: t does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cyclqqn;m (/i3,0a ow 7dwwuv :hgne and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cy:gqm3qu(na wndh i/ o0ww;v ,7cle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each n ug/ tg:5,zewgtc t .vts(q(6cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the wotg ,:z( e(v5tc stg/.gq twnu6rk done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient eng8pkk,c +3vhp)um/ rgtines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tempe+rg 8u/pvmk3tp k)ch, rature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built s/p-uzy2hyappi9 .pa7 o far has the following characteristics: chi9.ypya a -7upz2pp/ombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engik 7 (rjo 26ga;c8d, /ek1yg udmld*cypnes built so far has the following characteristics: uc7g,8 dj2k cy;6pram* o(e l/kyd1gdcombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plangnvmglpni)tu9dzh ;;5j/m64 eusoj.303 n ha t uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elet71ty2,2vgjc d6t.t+un af pkctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electrixngw 2*euik2 aq9f l 43((xsfdc power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine olivf-v4m9j 9which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possiblpzp0l0r)g*8w x *33 di dmtpple for an engine operating betwee*383pz*iwdr0 l)x 0tml pdg ppn $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0wcu-ky.2;c g1d0i lab %. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if thelig0ba- k du12w; .ycc temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating bbjcci:6 shfw/7 o,-i uetween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at thdzp y;oc3:/z+lxxd0da-h wn +e rate of 20 kJ and ejects :+x ydxh/-dclopwz0+3n az;d 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rata6 y6ntb 9nvh:eaat 0 i6kn*d0e of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per chtki0 bay9:06dn n t*v6ae na6ycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heato3n )cs0q5 lg-;fi jwd from the freezer and expels 356 J of s o q3dnwlfgjc;-5)0iheat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt at c/khh-+uvsy /.ipe .r2/qgde $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entropy i x yjp6eosh3;4emc rz pee3 ujs77z69u 1f)v0ws

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its e b5yp,xp81 c5yk2ttbzntropp 581zck2 bxt,5ypt byy changes by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at /6g-5m c bav9 o5qd (ffjcc1jd$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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