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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the o khzf7n*pg,y;7 l5dl T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no changemla.icit g)d zs0( /*f in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ofnfxfo(h/ sr:* thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with noi3f xl- rowm30/ cq3cb change in its temperature. This process3orb 3ixwm/- 03qf ccl is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isotherm2f1lxqni zh,:y hyh+a s.i/uoa6w 1-v ally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed /n s+fi auyv -hz2hqa1lw: .x,yo ih16the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original t l uf;go+suwtx86hh ((0 vqxh52l6qbvolume during an isothermal process. The final 58 vu2qtxhll+ug;qsh6(0o6 thx bw( fpressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded ncpy,t:x 4ia-xe:du /isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements -tcdpix, axe/yu 4::nis correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isoi bg+wuc20m+ olated environment. During the event, the gas 2+umgwc+iob 0 exchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod9(2qmxzx+ rbfecf2a :ynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volumedaer + c6;9a;xxpsf6b during an adiabatic process. The final pressurs6xaaec ;drp 96f+;xbe of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of+mhjnl.h :lx. fsx1;r gas identical in all respects except that one contains 1xjxlmsl;f:nh. .+hr$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all rygme:5kor+n, cl5 ,gzespects except that one containsm,,5: nkygl5z eocrg+ $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is4 fbtb/w6nct-tbn)w40hyj8a8xw o9l an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, *4sw aez:j p)svj )c)gq6;oxdthere is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o4ju iz7-ux -wff thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constag8rk t;;n8hh 87h qvxlnt pressure as heat is added to it. This process ih8g88k;hl7 v nthrq;x s

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energygz yml.m-q.5* z)l h;+rk niwx are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a g hi..l ;rm5mw nl-q*)yzxkz+result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on hu +60y9su6 ui cba.w()tyktsthe PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there4(sqv1 i7:yxw oss u+u is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo m9f 44jr,ooondynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as hea -cmm liyq//9nt energy is added to it. This pro-qcm/n il/ y9mcess is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferd/rns+pysy z73jno( 8 omf65dred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the 5o763dj8(/nsym fzny drp+osinternal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law o(w unt g7g-cq4f thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold r16neuz qftdd 7p6 8 a:zw, 8cbapfbj4-eservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold ru m j8/qa:dk 2-f9xblseservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clausiuiv jo m618wbg5s.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated hml8kmywv 0q5o +s 1d(nere. During one cycle, how much work is done by an enginm5wl0o mdkv+8 qnsy1( e operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine ismfx/a:pr 5r 0r defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sinc ng0s-0nc s5jk must0c5gs -nsnc j0 be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists o :xz+ wat6 zpf:e ofz-;18kcyof

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the sb6- qwap yvm24pxs;8l econd law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performr z)khlyz+ o.k3z-3 lxance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio ol-xl+)k3hr3zzo yz.k f

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heatuv1qy 3e vbzeu.mh f i.k/-w0( pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of ec/f0/ h;hxxfkk. t6zthe water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamiamv; ax vwv)mnf,33v: cs, for any process that may occur within an iv3v),xvmwf3n:a a m v;solated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the seqz vc,7i 4 hp/.a6upgmcond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thkv(q - cjn3xh-1dc pr*ermodynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an 91 k*5q5whetyv83 vr q;po hulideal gas. What is the change in internal enhk v 3qwy1hutl5poe*9;8r5 v qergy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removegcu 4j2be.3pnd from an ideal gas. What is the work done j .3gnup42b ecin the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal prot*7unffifp 1u,/k-zadjd( d; cess is -400 J. What is the change in internal energnj dt,apkud*71i( dfu;f z/-fy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressj6+fn20vpromnqc s;* 7; jdsx ing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy os 7;j xc*pdormn6n02j; fq+vsf the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What wv6 5 wiee.ee/:r(p pwis the change in inteerw eew6wp/i 5.p:ve (rnal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of.)az;1f +k,dfcidrzx a system decreases by 50 J. Whatzzd, rf+c ;.x1daf)ki is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, j f)w ud*7i9tjthe internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exc )*ud9w7jjt fihange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintain 99wm+tzo:klkbt8s5wjqxeppn*+ )4 fed at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work 4kolqt9k 8)ew p +pm5 +z *sfx9bnw:jtis done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of env)vnlnfs (tl b:0 nqg-*b l-0lergy is removed from it. How many moles of gas(bqf0 v )ll - bn0l:-svntl*ng are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of;z-(lc7v: acetg/xdxi0j gy. 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle d-op8zqo jtiw:..mi97eusj 9 qzl./j . What is the ef tqdj.ie/li:z -zo.wp9m 8 jo7s9jqu .ficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives mvove6 p4v)i7 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does imi74v vp6)oevt perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cyclejy : u.pbd:a;o3nu2c: m2kmeig7 j2ry. How muchjnk.m dagr:y ;c7e:b3i 2m2u opu: 2yj heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts/eeuf 3k2nqkg-5aa 2da6ip0f 42 kcal. Calculate the 2ig6-u 0 qnp/kf3f aaedak52e efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle andsw/j.5 3zu fll exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate 5f.j3 /ul lwzsthe work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient ekxr ,as5u5i,(1don inngines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber 5(1ak d,,un5ir sxio ntemperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chz0(bf/n a 4v 6k+omxtharacteristics: combustion chamber temperature =+f 0bn/x 4(khta mo6vz $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built sug 2lvep0u*su9ic0 u:kz*2rnscw, f1 o far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature =ivlfk*:r0 cn2 9ce*w2 uzu0s u1 gsp,u $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric pow2u,bphi ax7x;er. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plantxha h+ijq /wjy,4fn mi15* a:p uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant usmw1ww r*+tj 2mes $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an e2uva, r5df6jpom f3l p mjh*((ngine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretis05 8pxxs: 0p/q4k f jlcyrqph-42pmmcal efficiency possible for an engine operating between5p4s p8q2x0-40lk hqfxrsjpm / pcym: $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold 6+x +soso9nne reservoir onnxss e+9 +6oif the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating bemtjaq e1*fy ;0tween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat frds/w3oe/-8q e :h zugtom the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much wod /8 3/eu-hqzeoswgt: rk is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the 7f gjgpo,47wqfreezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of perf,p47 7gwjqofgormance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from t l 9cr x129v*aklz.arwhe freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input k1v* lczwl ar.ra99x2is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 5jm *-.f j5y:uswvu/ny0 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the 5(0fddy .hfhzyt4i uhhfu,2e m 2 z1/nchange in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothero 7mhwc1lp.- hmal expansion and its entropy changesl-1 w.ph 7mcoh by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at z+fr7,gx u6n y$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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