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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the 8m tn- qpar0i6T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal prozfis04 er ;tl;cess, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thej-.p6bz, r4 ot2umpixrmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twicephtnpy 8*f)dpef3 xlenz 1(; m/,ang9 its original volume with no change in its temperature. This hf,*e)pn egx m/fya( 18l3d z;9tpnnpprocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During xg*pe8weia;ud uwu-d/t.+8 mthis process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. Whauue/mg u;.x 8 *w8+dte-dpwiat is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half ic l1,q yn :v5ml9kvd6hts original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressurvd:q k 5,6n1lhmclyv 9e of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isi+ar 71kq2- i nyfn:mqothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correcm+i-qfarni21qn 7:k yt?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environkk/c: nlnu dtb; g+i.8ment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with its surroundings. Tdb u.ki;kg c+8ntn l/:his process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna 3qc:xey; h f0fb.psf l2z95kqmics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed tohq*b3z/q m m+6fy2ay o one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The fin qaf+6q3 h2/mm*zo byyal pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respecvy .*uk4aw70t h4p; vo t;btpnts except that one contains wv.ku 4 htt va ;p4*;t0by7pon$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identie0gi+n i*hsq7m:x(b 3w.yttu cal in all respects except that one contains hy t0qin smw3 get(ux.i+: b*7$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on 61 4l-l uev:cjj r9 *gn5q+kjc; vawwcthe PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change in- x: g3x/tnbm b-q/nct

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynam g4t5*ky:z damics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand atg, n56xg)b.n/sigkd ebkk26fjl f r;2 constant pressure as heat is added to it. This process is)gk.;jnd2, k/b xebfirf g6nl5ksg2 6

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constd 84. nnvl,m4m)s vog/o hga/cant pressure. As a result, the internal e) vha gom48v,snn./om/d gc4lnergy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram(t ao2kzpqw -m 8z 6 is*+iiej)kjwu8; is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no changew5edefxtb,4 ly4 ,m9u in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamib*m-ho.m7 9mtqd h k/krvf9e 5cs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid dz(ss(lnf,vo+ -x, fvcontainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. This process in f-sfozx(ls d,(v,+v s

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at co inn1l1kx*6nmnstant volume. As a result, the internal energy ofmxnnk* 1 6l1ni the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermbue-u c5i,z 3a34wpisodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer he:7c6uj1gtqx x at from a hot reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir / 4dl+f/ypnkek 1uu9 pto a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clau:55 dw8pj fv vaz7 t3c15xzddjsius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated hem 4nsrnc. k sroku9ykw -,cc+ko15 v.4re. During one cycle, how much wos4.+n.vc-o1kokkyusmn9,4cr c5 krwrk is done by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratew zm*) + uiw8q6gupf*io of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot ex. ( g;kldf3gqngine is to be 100%, the heat sink mustqd( l.g;kf3 gx be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists ofcgi(inuoyuv5:+1dt , g7 g1ne

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement w rl )xrv5)*0ap ymjze6v )zx2of the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as thevj+ng3 7wv1ce ratio of vcj+wn vg31e7

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a0qhmhp0 d/xl:n:t o7p heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entz2ugi25/ pwcl ropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynb,jp b*h;ui;zamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of tup;;j *bhbz,i he choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statemv/bm 6 m.tx(riehafgv3j+ l58 ent of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude th89,,s ueg ahmlat

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removeec .8h lecg k/a8/ko,ad from an ideal gas. What is the change in intekgh ac/ la.8e8/,ek cornal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heams 3u(:: i8mnd -w veucqjik16t is removed from an ideal gas. What is th6ej: wd:s-v(ck miqm3n18iu ue work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal processjre,mk( ( jrgqr**qj , is -400 J. What is the change in internal ,(m*j*rkj,reqqrj( g energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chant qh-d fqt b/ mk q7l0qcqj/8vzk403;tge in interhqcb7 m-t;/qfzk 4tjqq vqkt/380l0 dnal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Whz-wd m:gmh 6;dso f;;tat is the change in intergmfm:;o ;t- zsw6d; hdnal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal ener69 pr(saah)qmyf30j )hlx9fh gy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whath9)j lh3pq)6myaxa 0s( rh9ff is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 1o0. 6svgh; dfri pu;csb,i.tJ. What ig; 1rusdoc0is,h.v 6;tfp.bi s the heat exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume a;j(wnb5xcsxdhlpi,g q;( 1ceg 80i) rs it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 chg ijr xcl5xd(n8 gep(w;)qs;,ib01 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of ener+9p, txcw8ce mgy is remove9+ptm8cxecw ,d from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 0t.h/nx a q6mxkg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and b fnbzoe ve:-.5w:r;c)ojks. loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficien.nobfb e v:kj)r-z5e:w ;o c.scy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and re- g3gfgqr 69fzoc -at /l.kp)qzc(sh+ceives 150 J of heat per cycle. How mu so69zp+3ckgh fct-rfgq/a q .g)-(lzch work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. q4wdoc(- 35ag 7aouk0i *ox *x(akzezHow mua - ouaz(xd ig3a5( k0co 4xe*zoq7*kwch heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhau4; lpb )mvm+llsts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cyc+lv4mpl ) lb;mle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42u)kz 5l:x* bgysbfx,- kcal. Calculate the work dongfz5,:s*bu x-k x)lybe each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charar .v9v.uyt2 aqcteristics: vrv a..y2 9tuqcombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characte7v6bjg ca00ky ristics: combustion chamber temperature = b 7kvya 60jc0g$1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engwhn) pq ksc/q we;/a4x n4d(p+ines built so far has the following characteristics:n 4 h4 nxd+/; kw/cqp(qaswpe) combustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric pow5-ulzw7f 3bs f*(c+ y bnxi4cqer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW b 5n:i3 pr*;mzue:,qot yo /ueof electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generatu p:v g*b)-yyyes 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an f mdh)4z(xe j5qv5 pc+engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical ef((litc )rhr(rficiency possible for an engine operating betweenr lci)r(( (rht $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the tempe4bpml.,r/.bv ml mtk6rature of the cold lmp brt,v/mm4b kl .6.reservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating spnyvni l ee2v-rp r-,,dzqi3gbh /) 31lp9x3between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing com yw *j7o:,xcabpartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycojxybc7* a,w :le?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 1 qm,gy dhcf5420 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per c15q,h dcym4 gfycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation-ywtmb3:vd dp +zp,l ), a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and ex,dlt-pbd)w3 +yzmv p: pels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice myt8glh :(d -yhelt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change php4z :asr+c:s wj+z-in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas)k/w3l tx5wik/)*n.2uehl xsr co2 ud at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changeetlk3iu ru/k.)*s hdx/)ow2w2 xc nl5s by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at q .;yx rat- q yo9i8j;9lzod)r$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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