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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V 9a d6frs10uozgraph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change ih(lsc.od z a,9n

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thervs.oo ,;ip e(emodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with no change i5)qm:+gm-tnv t.b xsxn its temperature. This processxq- .s5tvxt) gbn:+mm is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 3wf9lo5 c k crc/qey43-0 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external cc4klowyrq5 fe /c-9 3mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume d07* 38xirlawd ytlcl 8uring an isothermal proc3yc 0lx *ildtw8r l8a7ess. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expandz. q ze9ke5(6w uonl:8noev; bed isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mec6(loqv; z.5zweee 9bkn8: nuohanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressedkb0h9fe7z( mz in an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with izme 9 fh07b(zkts surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law om kpr2ogwms :(i/( m2bf thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half itsn+ yz-e0ni4w o original volume during an adiabatic process. The finalz0 w+onn i-ey4 pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that od0lvb6 /jgv(aj+, p z 4yossvlhn:8c.ne containsg4bz/nh0odsylc (+6j:lvjv .sp8 a v, $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one containk)tbqh*iza8 b/awj80 : +kg fbs/*bb +8 8 jkgqk:0 hwfa)ibazt $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagra ofv c yb2n74we;6d+ffm is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, thefr501nt) il2w6/bm gjld ;s wwre is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody zzj34if ge ;ht7f-79gs:lpo wnamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is add+4x8m pu g2dzato19 4cd-zmtbed to it. This pra 4-8g19d4 xzt mc+tdz up2ombocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are trans+6xc,20k*pbo uiw xr pferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the * 6+ucrb pko0,wxp2ixinternal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is x,: r8:cw0rni th. ieq


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is(p5az 3+m)- zf4ymolc oha:a (xzn)fk no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna0lh c0swqg y.. kdtq0)mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container thalhv*9m7qz(7z1r lvm t3+zt i ot cannot expand as heat energy is added to l71vmv*7+9lmqt3zhzotr z (i it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred z:8 ssup+0i 7wu0emw:4 celxato a sample of ideal gas at constant volumi ac0l0wuuse: z me8+wx:7ps4 e. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law ofc0h y29 hf 2)ow-oncr/:j3pxkgqa1rq thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoiry. yyvsgo v2:k ma-+)nf5 d;ll to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservo0 6 5oxokocm-uir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Claum:hv2 0m- ir3xttncssh*)u1 k:t *mpusius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During onfrs+ g+vv49vy8 nh 8pje cycle, how much work is djh ysvf+rv n488 v+gp9one by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratilbz8 bhfeln 56kl: (h 5+b(vmro of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficieuloj:ggu/, ;rb8t ap0 ncy of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must be l, tugr:0j ou;ap/g8b

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists offkmxub3lr9p: o;hn 2(ipa4 w2

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement ofbxme2tel +8 w4be4 k npbp/q)+ the second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of ak7j);a fw hds88avn t) refrigerator is defined as the ratio of78w;tj8vf sn)adka ) h

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as thq:xw4bq q-h 1ae ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wabh7 l dgwg;/;rter

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any process thatjnq -wi u m7n8g7axxh:j9 o:7ng-9sea may occur within an iso7unw9gx9 8 7-ogm:ej hq7ai:j n-xanslated system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of th5po s.)0k lx s*eqgjs3e second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to c*f27y0trbzn.pp7 qpjonclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removqbs e wip6 8yca-22-vied from an ideal gas. What is the change in internal energa 2yi s-wpveq826- ciby?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal proces1d0 za2clf 5( ags91(wprnwwcs, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done dwa(1gcp52cr 9z lf( answ 01win the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 y4u0wg/b oqr87jd58 jyhdka1 J. What id y y7/u8gok 85rd41a wqjhb0js the change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing abbv2 0gy:.ek2qxfh n n .y2lx0s b2t5c gas adiabatically. What is the change invxbch00q.e x2t k. 5nyf2nyb2 s:g2bl internal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic proch(sjmpnfz c9 f v,6b4;nnuxh(s+lg/.ess while doing 25 J of work. What is the change in internal energy+n z p (snjsv.c( m9fg;lnbf,/64huxh ?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procesx(xi3h tz/n*lzv6wkt2 q ze 25s, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the work done?2hlxqxnztkz(w*2/5iz3 ev t 6

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, ths/g pi/q5-*n /1ssjsh (qnhcpohc y.:5 iu2l ge internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the helq/15cjhnh/s5 c .ygshn u :(op *qig/si2sp-at exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it iwto g-j; 7q;0/npd bhxs cooleh-wogb07dj n; p/tx ;qd by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy ic9-oct;6ov n puoc 9r6n1ivb+s removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the s6ntp9 o ;-cc6novoi91+buv r cample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of,g-lmb u6 -qzp 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of hea:lvo4m6fh(zc wz / kw8 k2i2ubt and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the ew2 zzk2:8m /fvi64 b h(cuklowfficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat perdz 9q62 s;/:ii 7,citjdula mg cycle. How much work does it perform in each czu9i;2ld 6 /is7g m,qjic ad:tycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle.) k x:coeffy)eq 7lq2) How much heat does itl)7ky ) 2)o fqxqf:eec exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycl kl 0.leeec- qpzw;4o,e and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of e ow;-eel.qk lce,4p0zach cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. ;f c myfn ,8-p2mvltrp4rx/6 k Calculate the work do n;/l6y f4m2m xcpfrp8,tr-vkne each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient :m)/o w)* 9wdzrp k9mrjepg2x engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature x)m9zpgome 2) d/rpwr9 jk*w:= $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following chazhjcj.4 * k)p6hry qu7racteristics: combustion chaz uhpchr.k74 q)*j6jy mber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follow*ko 3p8/3d 3qoa bfdfging characteristics: combuso bk3pfd*f8d 33ogqa/tion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generato4b )h/gx x3lul,n2 mbes 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. Th wmpk fgk:zf.-am 8)4bky 5fh.e plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The;wt-p9tg 9a (g0sp rpk plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which opez*m , s,-wz6nmjqje8 mrates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficig8t *9wwrcs88h7jr lcency possible for an engine operating between9 c*jlch8s w8gr 8trw7 $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a )/bxg-i )hror Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reo/g) rib-x hr)servoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating. hn9)2w.pg9auslixo between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezingqi2m6 ( onh0 *wdhj.pt compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much wo jd2tpihm *6qo.n( 0hwrk is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes hea.tpm- is410nh-tg .w* ypy1 la jejtr0t from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room pe10-.l-twnh0 e.py 1rytig *ma 4sptj jr cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerato /b.u3i2ntn,gy0mv og r absorbs 230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in .vgno0 ug/t yi23bn,m each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt ;-utts ms h04pat $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change i*s 0jq pv: 3121vovg5rick*4dv mltihn entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its 5eltl /pla i28entropy change5/2li8lae ptl s by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at wl+m9g/ /r7siq6 i lv,8qouycy 4lq7s$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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