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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is d5hvsqvfg2mz5t vp02(g2 xs3an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, t3nqi-3 x54iecj9vch2a tqcc4here is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynams4ad:; my,oo ;;lo.7rrifwi vtde0l/fw 7/pzics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice ic;ciq98 du3:v7nw iqcu5d;d -l was y2m e02fgts original volume with no change in its temperature0gc-n7c cewv3luumfqqi58ad;i 9dw ;2:2 d sy. This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally fro tx2.eljtn i5:m 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compret:ljenx . 25tissed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is comp, se*t(qq4ysn ressed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure o,* eqsyqtn4(sf the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20:)ihnxw 1h3 zy L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the follow1h3n ziyhx w:)ing statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed hn;)p .h*gy 6i./ xyb9idkj9wpv e9jhin an isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with ity.phi)/jv 9*;w9gn k9h.jd yxe i6hbp s surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of mf */0tvjzk;h thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its originhr4hyabcipl8)8 h0 4i3ej2b eal volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of the gapr0j382l y84eb ha4bceh h)iis

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one cjnl/u; e v/n9ynwm7 x2ontains wvm;2 en/yx l97jnun /$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that or ; ixx4goyzh+5u cg) 6;(hdkgne contains y5 )hg;6z +rkhucg i;xgd4( ox$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the 6m7.cee c )c 9yql,yx2;lomg zPV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process,wm8z 3 t-f5m hdmir pl*l3ny2*0pwrl. there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsux ,b(xjf4n 2j, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure asw wy,d*w1mp10kv 6*np - kgdqs heat is added to it. This process kp* ,gqd-6m1 y*wdkpnw1w0 s vis

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferr uzz+36,wta s.g scjl(ed to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, tcz+js a (zwul3st6,g.he internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagrucxtfxk9f ts:3 ir2wcce 6k* o2(ae**am is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, npg1s0rh)wf 5there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, xs gw xl:3vj/zk.h,3w $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rds0ik i(si/i.ibtq4u:b7hgo )y a r 37igid container that cannot expand as heat energy is added y(is4i.audb/q7go ihi i s7b3:tkr)0to it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energyv(x-a ut x36zsbj)u d6 are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy ) uu(s-bzdvaxt636xj of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodmz(* f6m 2nvkieck+ m)67an4w/ov ookynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold reser,ek0033 avh ;ui a y;mpi 5qdyhq,ylg0voir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to tra4 4+q fiuwyai:nsfer heat from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of therhb6ls :h( o5qjkx9 i.hmodynamics according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. During one cycle, how mow*9 n.tz u*hf9qr io5w6. 6ecleie0fuch work is doneu0w c96eof6 5r i9 leqzn.fei.tw **ho by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is -im z*q0p6 6uku64g vf pn5qscdefined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sinb ksb d))syy6(k must s(by6sk)byd )be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists o9ddzl3qt *:h bn:qwf/f

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law s ec7l 1 u/hku(s8ynlbfy8g,:of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as theyrx fn5e*xp54 ratio ofpx ex5fn4 r*y5

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump i n.ilq wmj(2s/2u dp8ys defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the7 pe1h/atks* ky+v ,3 vlqvc.u water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any procey uw* vlui*3k,sz6,hbss that may occur within an isolatvu*w ku3b*y l,6,i szhed system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statemenc mpx r-kt-u2+t of the second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynami p*,s*you ;g(xnahvp.cs leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an id; .1oeu63 mpa7yl niyy gnf05heal gas. What is the change in internal en.plu;6y1imyne5 y70gnh of3 a ergy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat ij91 j8/hdp s zx3mxd8zs removed from an ideal gas. What is the wor/z8 dxm98jz1 xpdjhs3k done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. qle ovog1srao+ 6 (5(i What is the change in in6 se (o(i l1+gvroqo5aternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabaticallyytf;z79symnv t3tl- h 446ism4so, ck. What is the change in intermzyosfshivt;7m4kn9c3l ,-y s t644t nal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is t*8wq .aa otnvd+ tbj5ydx 8zmsh09v yidf.*:1he change in iw:d*athv zqmo8y.i jsdn18. t5ba+y dv*f0x9nternal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal enz74 2 l9sxc,y*t/mhaiudbc(oergy of a system decreases by 50 J. Wha(uhz /s im ,49lxcoa72c bdy*tt is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a sysh/.s9tmkeg lg q84w(/c7p , x3btfbvl, ly2hktem decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchanp7lgv //wt(hkbg b.h le x4 39ks 8f2l,c,mytqge?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is mainjx9. htr aul6.wx. y0atained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removix.j6.xa hul r0wa.yt 9ng 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled,con .x zk.klstm )9z* by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed f, 9nz.szlkt*o x.mk)c rom it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wateq o3yhb:lqopq;m8 9m5r at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What i7f coqlpfe7+ t;qww ;;s the q7l t;;w+p7ewc ffq ;oefficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35126yt vomfanj9g +bw;.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in eaytjaf gm1o+ n26b9wv;ch cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency oi+ 3q44b*ou l; hz risjj0mjv9f 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How mujvsom 3 9ijq;0 * hjrzi44blu+ch heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of h.4mmzzt/ol bc4t8 (.2xd)ig 1tz sunt eat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficieiodn8ts/4m. 4tm t( z2zu )x1.cglb ztncy of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 u: r2hiz ;nnn:kcal. Calculate the work done each cycznn: 2r:iuh ;nle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enyr40. oax +m+e1fciolv 3o+pvgines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion ch++va+xly o v4opm1eo3if c.0r amber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engine hv;m*q+onf f4yeb*;bs built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperatubm b*4;h+fvqe*f o;y nre = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following character14le /j ek9r gwuk7fu-istics: combustion chamber tempeuf/ue4e 71gl9kjk r- wrature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant genk )b5+ iwmafp zz/h66xerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant4ytxy;ic *dn0k soscw2; 0it4 uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 6001 y71dbnoigx3 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficts+5ub 5 tzbv-iency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficienc 0qk 5i1fn9 vtf8 y699dqbjeqpy possible for an engine operating between 6qn 1fpfvd9y 95eq8 ib qj9kt0$100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperag)-c.qfgaq :s ture of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoirqq)afsg-:c. g is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating z4udf2h:t pmubng 4r-tw8x,2between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat fr4qf myw8*f- 8da pr0bv+f8qfgom the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejectsd0wqr-+ 8*vmb 8 qpgff af48yf 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment atwpr ju x.1g(9 ph98uo1kt.t pj the rate of 20 kJ and ejew( u .ot.khp 1grptjupj189x9cts 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat frwpyopb1d0)uk5 iz 6e7om the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is requireo iy0w up5dzp61) 7ekbd in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of 382ly+ncupnbt0 xq h/ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in ez: fhl lz+-1syntropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and i)y: r l ge2ca3s2nngw+ts entropy chan+)nn: y3a2sggl rcw 2eges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at k *o y9.nugdx :iv;z)m$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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