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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown oneou.o f2 +0qlbtps0g8 the T-V graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal pro-oos0)an tx 5bcess, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of nx-49g rb7nzo fe6na 6thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volum hmqptmqmjw-))2 v. 6ae with no change in its temperature. This phpw.mmt) )a vqj6qm2-rocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L bj6pnx1rr.al vnf53*to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism thatrj.rx53f 6 apnv*bl1 n compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is comp9i7g5w +jvxs l6iu 5fdressed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final s i +l5vgdjufi56x 7w9pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this processdjymvu-33p+(jvl z, a , 6 J of energy is expended by the extm,al3y vpjj3z -+d(vuernal mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated environment. During tha avd /+7dl0a.uvmw /ve event, the gas exchanged no +. l v 7dadva/muvw/a0heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynami(-flnab droqt9 -- x.gcs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compresiz* wkk4 xaxp(bkn 0ols(13o7sed to one-half its original volume during an adik saoplwb01ion4(*k3kx7 ( zxabatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that z gtym7 p;:d k8;86rq0ufododone containsd0g6u;8kz7m 8; yfdptd oqor: $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical 6txnvqg-e /( u7b lp3oin all respects except that one containslpnu e(gqob -x3v 67t/ $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thejqmp: *a:a;/ sm np;f 8rw-hua PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change in .)t nso*h4+kxa t0b:wj8obf7t 3jvhd

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of fh66pc0g 5xa-v. l defthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. vhhg;:cn+t /l This procehtn:hcg+;v /l ss is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat enez:)w(s4r ;uxdntu*w l rgy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the ind(n )u zuwxsw*:rl t4;ternal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV dii7 :pm us 1(m8z8leo 3t;ayslpagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no chaduf 09wqja dwy* 7a5*hnge in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod:lzmf tayca 1-7gs;3l uuu-5dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot exp 5tl kg.yin:5dand as heat energy is added to it. This process i gyk: 5td.ln5is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of idejx/c4v gbv;a(al gas at constant volume. As a result, the internal enera4 b vvx(/cj;ggy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamici(m-tjq0k j8 cs.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir +7lsg.cgrcf93 4 )fsnkosq 3jto a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat f;745 o q25s(hrxhqm .ahmo jbdrom a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to Clausius.p, vke 90o/nnfd.pwk ;lf7l 1c
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Dr wy 862dxoodaznl(14uring one cycle, how much work is done by oryozd46xn(82 l1adw an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat/+malc- u+wjh engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, b qi rd)+)k+rkthe heat sink mus d)kkrrbi++q) t be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists of d*toz 0woafc1:i*2 na

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of therm,nxljhwt g*+8m-4b m rodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defiv4c zw e::pbj9ned as the ratio ofw9j:ecv 4bpz:

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance 21-mt s.kmmip (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entroc(k 7t5qj/mmv7a2cftzy 4d3r py of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, foy 6)1u. 8ljb mlrngyj.2vavs7r any process that may occur within an isolar6s g7 )j.8lvy . ub2yna1jlmvted system, which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the (- 68uc* s.lmszuromgsecond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us cg y 6gy0yl/c;8lz2 tnm hwh78to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from ja ( skf*hwf1rvf 8ta.6xett,st:w. :)b rep, an ideal gas. What is the ch.)kt8 vef t:*we6(jrf:xt,wbahs,1rs.f apt ange in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat j gv14::5*d7 zpvbpw9 dyb oamibw+ *jis removed from an ideal gas. What is the work *7bb +* v9j ypdabpwz5o14g:iwjvm d: done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal procesi1kj -*co 0*0obaa j 3w0qzdfph-8nits is -400 J. What is the change in internal e *1*bhja0d0a in q30jpzw-o ok8tci f-nergy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabaticallc05 egzw:z woze6sl);y. What is the change in internal energy of th e6lzzwg;o 0e z)c:s5we gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Wha9b6 ,k)pvmtm yt is the change )9mbty6pvk ,min internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal wi kh3dk v7fxo i/; wv2sr37*ar :6zwdenergy of a system decreases by 50 J. What 7/z dv 2r:as wk*ikhww v;f6337roixd is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the interna8 5ox -isuwws+*latat79o9ykl energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchanoiws s*9ka-9t5+u8ytlo a 7 wxge?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is ma fahgtq// .)dxmue-l4intained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accompg.4xqatmf/uh/)e d- llished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of5 9fa9r4w k2ukjxms- o energy is removed from 4-s oaxkr95jf2mwu9 k it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of y+sl6xnbl2h2 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What-s6q6jo0s r4n*fkm ic bucfq9.b+pu4 is the ef 6ck *ruf.bp04o mq 9inu+qbcsj-4s6f ficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 7qry;e8sr9*wa*g kt i526-fcmg c qmy150 J of heat per cycle. cg9ay8rmtw5r2* c mk seq*g iyf7q;-6How much work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 6 fxfu goia nuin4-gh 2djvq).*8) pz;150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat d)f*i.nfnu6g qxjo2 a8 u-phd g);v4i zoes it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbsqrspr .ji7 gs7d)m) b/ 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiencyr7j bs7 rd) ms)g./ipq of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle a9-0w. lj 8d-dyrjk qarnd exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done each9-rwy. 8j adkqj0 -ldr cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficientrf dm.z.i a/+)f;cm dg engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temp mzr)+ agm./f ;c.dfiderature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has tfrwg/k9 b2s:0 t1aatghe following characteristics: combustion chamber temptraf/12g:9 aws0tkbgerature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines048 fzy yvktj( built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber tempera08fjy tvyk4(z ture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gzi0m4;cazdn07x6 nuy enerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elexu(3bv.8y.jv sa:cv2j zztc-+ r2 kmdfg-j w:ctric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generat+j8 m 0mionj h40yjn1bes 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine which operates bet+bw0l(:j 8guyvlma 6 qween $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine clq2i k4t1-l,us dk-ou33t*6veq iq aoperating betwqk 3us*,kt1q --lq3atl 4o2cv uie6di een $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is th)qw :)qyq4/nk),y:ul qj ccy ve temperature of the cold resk ,quy/)4vq)nc yq: lw:ycj)q ervoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatgs njprd2,8y/qdrh,3jycnz 74 t(; h ying between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezingvao8jc5t9+s fw aps 3qs)qy4) compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycq834saav jofs+ py9)s)5tcw qle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the 2 iy 8u go+*xkx9w4ubufreezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ ax2u49i+* 8guouywbxk nd ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat f4c 9 kqhe+jr69 acdl3prom the freezer and expels 356 J of heat 6ajkr93 lqh 9+cdcp e4to the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in enteyehqda5;/yuv6 (q7peajy5 0ropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, ig3n eim5:gq 5 g4ds;b ab32hlthe change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and ds:t lbc,8a3/c jo. 8osjcb* jits entropy chanj:88c /d tsojcl osabj.,b* c3ges by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at zgcl1ho z)n ;7s5l-w1.qg toe $80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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