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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceshbf2kp 0+capm:wi :4 cfip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine iiw:m0 kfap2f+:cpbc 4 f the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experimkpb/a ttj )5e ;nh.cmrfndk1 n(75 d4tent was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the r 5c3 sq:y+ouuwnh9df /esults of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you us, 0tz 4(sq;awlo-fqa-spe)g xe the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princ(h kj:dl9y +8q2ljkyxiple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativj5f *-b pmrb04eio*fti;l w/ dity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityxr+ao9bxv21 nmd;4lf.q +db w

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in 0,6 7q.,xu0zi tc 7qxvzvz/(wwpxy c bformulating the special theory of relativity was that tq b,zux0/vy0cxix c .w6 ztv7,7wpq( zhe laws of physics are the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special reljm i el)rfe +,z2jmw3c7w:y-lativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special 87c )hal ueaya0xiin ,7r-a;prelativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate while in a spaceship mo0u/ya)w1dh sp ving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you wowha0dusy) 1p/uld find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, ap heg/enh8tbyp8 *:p( moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as efr7 yoqwl0 4 a8hf-g($\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship travelingu ,) :bvyeam 5)we3.pilq,v of at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the oteivw v,:fob p, yemu.))3al 5qher twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a mo q77-nuvq 1bosving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direckqxu ge, lp aq4-acgy:x;zl)f b5(,up. 0-a sstion parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary ob0qb; -p ks, l5guaf4y:.egp xx ,(calzq)au -sserver,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its len4v9xyoz+y*6k*k g 4vh.d dvglgth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. Tho49vv*dyk*x+lyv6 g 4kzh g .de length of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle cenmz ;15 -cp +lym4hdapproaches the speed of light, the mass of the particln4yde1 h cmlz-m+5;p ce

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed o 1lwsmgch *5h6w atr3(f light, the momentum of the pa wh*mwt rlha6 1(5gs3crticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a ve zcdr xyra8(ti7. (8x9o; kzwyry high speed. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this meot(9 w .8kyrrx z;a(zdxi8yc 7asurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kine - t1tvmjfe e uxcn5x(2lp7q2*tic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic massx1(u*qjctlt2vx5- ep2en7 m f doubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energydsi+mr8 eq4ni/yay9b()vl w +, g7pyi of a speedy proton when its relativistic m/ b+rl wdya(p9e v78yis+ im, nq4g)yiass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mass us 3sad8lx-; k,nv2bn$m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a st5c)2h6k a4n nnayb jr*raight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each sh4nnnhaa6 j)ybr52c k *ip measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following6 bn qzz4v4kcy.g zjh+7b d5h7 depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship incrcvk, ;f.; 0e7k0lkrgu*il h4fvl z6tyeases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s s xh(+h2k8j9u jl0rp ein still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if t8pjer( u+hsk9lj 20xhhe boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wate n;dc6jx55cj:zy8z90 fj.jhy - nog ydr. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boato.z6 nycjcj9 - j5j:gy z85dnxh;dy 0f is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to+6ql-xf vqwsjfs p,8p0.qf r7 the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if thlj-pqq rf8. s0 f7+pw6qxv, sfe boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it is to be observed81we* fix4fzmz di566g ) gjmd by a stationary observer asgd54j dgexizmz86 w61fm )*fi running at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a plw+e) g+qhs. qgx1wf1qanet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship iqqg1xq )f+g +s.eh1w ws 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtng /6y im7 eg.*yqrtq+b 4upz//p3qpi bey, are initially 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andreapbi/q gp/y4y/b*ti763eqrmp zq+u g. upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 yeaaanv-uq75; nd rs according to a c dunq; a7van5-lock on the spaceship. Upon returning to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its lenge9x)5m7wfc 0p;sbu h/ vkp8rkth?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket sjil r3kk)zs r9 mzl7w)w(rspn1m9m+5hip have to move to contract to half of its proper length (as o5 7) p(mk)rrszkn+mw w39 rj9i1lzlsmbserved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaceship tra e5zy2afmfc 1t2t5we 9j7u 07(vnifdj vels by you wueytv7 fc15ze wjd72ftm29f i0j5( naith a speed of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which ijkndwyi 420,b ye gptp1i.8 6hs 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What y .p0i2d4gw y k8t6ne,hpbi1jdistance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alzmqm4e21 k -gjf gk by3m+w*7h:hzs6opha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board t eg6hk3w7hzm g +:- o*z1 sb2yqjmkmf4he spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solbke qe6b4-b :gar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to bg6q4ek-b be: the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rtft- t+wwe /;gest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice fhq6qw4x/vx +its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes f qgmc,d)cio7 1l(f f5+8bvbeorom 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will inclegbvfomd5 1ic(c,8)q+b f7 orease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum inuymh1 vj7 cuwfhq9f1 t;(.hf 8 $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an elemerb ;b+1 6gw*sy9f9jz ky d1fulnt loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was ljwn0 yi7n9lw)ost during a reactioj7nyi 0wn)9 wln?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equ 9w+vjqy9bbbd4w5n i9ivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was droppe 1l6ulb a/slr;d on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent t6 slu1;lr bl/ao that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed )fg* x(qkamv1 rk0m (idb3ka+ of tibaxr3+m) qf(g(d1 a0* kmk kvhe proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a p xuef6u5/ e(phroton is 80% of its total energy. What is the momentum in p( hxe5uuf6e/$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a reaction in.y hjontfmvver/8)/6lhh( sx8+t : rx which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whic )zv5i7 qb,g+d2jghz qh $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron movii64y5 dou z)hle5mlk v7g+j j(ng with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate onw, p. lu(wahm1e kilogram of mass from re1lu mp.wh,aw(st to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, :o. gv7pompa)$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By whatr(yg o;;x:vn brb+pj;o1 ug*n factor has its mass increased with respect to its rest m ojv*po +;yr; (ug1b:gnxnrb;ass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measl6pl3b1 w;qns+uzr jf-29gup ure the speed s +r62l w;pznu9-3 qj1pgfbulof light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are travelh+g/ gxz3,vk. tqw r5evc k,(c(oes/cing through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either cecs5v + /z(v,go, ek3t kgq/cr.xw(hcraft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a s7zetq9:uftw4hh-b ( wpeed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stah7w htzf9q4:-ue(bw ttionary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away p s;m9 wr5gya)from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the mis arpgm;w9y)s5 sile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceao4)c tcb yejri /63o:ship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.5e/:c i4cba 6ooy3tr j)0c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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