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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spacesh3/nbgs 2/nvm4lx7mf +ra , nzhip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving a2/ng nr lvhz/7f3mn+ a,mbx4 st constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to mea8fri m(8 ( oekfv -3)bjrgs08wkuodl;sure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley czl o: iol+z v+;4cpum7oncluded from the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you r:t9t d-y:znhuse the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity princ.baab7 8 kj,saiple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galileaepvt06-zjz1 eu cu4,c n-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relati:pps) of; ft:pvity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity wasibn(sqm37we wr 6dhspv29aj ;m y-1u, that the laws of physics a2r u6s s7(;eb,dn j h-wma9w pq1m3yivre the same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relzj eu;vo:4p,.dsb: 7x rhi )qzativity.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special r5ta0hak *ug 4o55 uucjm)u8 dvelativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse ratke(zhd ; i,jmf 4a/qn:e while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the s/d;:ij aqhnmfze4k( ,peed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, 0kh c;,wk; qfca moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defux7w(0xg fn +fined as $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship trafm.v;0rw n.kuuye+*t bze*g2 veling at a very high speed to a distant.y m0*fkte+zu2 .eu w n*;grbv star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary ob.3 zw,3yqb yn uad9pr.server, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a vel2x-of ta 83atbocity that approao 3-82ttf xabaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction pae96 c2ti7wpo:e(lzn arallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a sci7t9oe6( n a2we lzp:tationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed o8s)ep 6e :qscuf light, the mass of the partic86u s: q)specele

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle appr .w 8:k;yuhd,o,dqhbioaches the speed of light, the momentum of the particw: dquo,;ihh kydb 8,.le

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by yo r3 :qpqdge vm99mu8i,(2ar dou at a very high speed. As it passes, you measure its lepqao:d emu9qr8, m3(r dgvi 92ngth at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kin9)g5 klgyv,yletic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass dgyg)l9kvl5 ,y oubles?

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energy of a speedy proton wozm +: cnxdl 86-thbu.hen its relativim. 6xnhdt +luoc 8zb:-stic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle o )ow1a3 mvj+ylf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in awvey -:r-enjn*6j( pik)y 9pr straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of ligiy:-9jewvk-ern)p*r6n ( y pjht coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following depends on the observer's fgt r-4jt7kq;xxhn9*)tz pm bt37ld t:rame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you wouzo(3ocy dw;51u -jsfjhas e 3:ld observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what spe py4qit; u d(.8quaqugm6wg 7 4s0(lpeed, relative to the shore, does it move ins4( 4qwa.pu 6uiq8m qg7ptlye;(gd0u a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still wqj u2 9js ,rki0mk7u.yater. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 mq.kmuujrsk7yi 9,0j 2/s if the boat is heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to8.z woq z8dq0 ym9 5r.ox6ljkl the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the r8 dx6woqj0. k89o5mlzy.lz qr iver?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock zee..a n c;o)stravel if it is to be observed by a stationary observer as runningn se.)zc.ao;e at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jo(p vzv6kej dqy(m 8o-*urney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according todj pzqy(-mv*( e6 okv8 a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initiaf2 8 d/xj cf:d)l/j4oa6u gewxlly 10 years old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides )cld jf w6djo2g/4eux/8 fxa:on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with lq691zq )fh :.sck6cw7khupa2v2t ora speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returnizapt6.wf2 hvqh7 2k scq6urcko9:l )1ng to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its le )latb2o:ty /::jbzruv3 ( yrtngth?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contracpzz t)ppgd :jp)win;yl0; v +9t to half of its proper length (as observed by a sttz9 )yz) lppjn+dv;i;wgp p0 :ationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If n0ci2o5 tyum)the spaceship travels by you with a speed of 0.70c, what length d0iynmtcu5)2o oes it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alp j6y i .3 m-xuysmbbw4na:)igv8t;f -bha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a const6b yavb:m)t3msx-iub4 yj.gn;- 8 wf iant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which o7b1b q 7icz1b deo6*xtq;m7h is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels thxbe7; q1bt dibq1o7m6o7 cz *oward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solarxj;ov:i l97 ,mp zzx7i system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relatiix9z mixz7lj 7 v,op:;ve to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is travelin-y0gwf1ts it(). etwbg at 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its rvib )pa;sd(*nexk 7/ 02f sqa,zcij4iest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceship goes from 0.3 c to 09g,s4u u5c;35w(pt f ez vkyad.6 c, then your mass will increvd 5czua3k,4p5f9wt ys(eu;gase by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum inipf0ae1 ldm/1 $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element losru6yubu :0 v0bza n33les $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a re pd .4pe :80 gxpjv9-y:e+kftwajr7zw actionkz p :vr7y+8-aejpfw 4dxg j:09.epwt?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equi1rhekmv3qc .9 b*qab*valent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that wi( yqbky ns6:(as dropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took psk :(b(6 yniqylace? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 8g.g(uy k; 1-q9gay pai0% of its total energy. What is the speed of the pro9pyg1gu.a(g ay k;qi -ton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. i t md6rm0g4*oWhat is the momentum in gom0 r64mid*t$kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in Mbo.saotse2ex.d -+u sg i-6+v eV) during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in f7s4 bulm f+:nc u )n.6hnpx+iwhich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving with a speed of 0.95y,5+j6n; : pmqb/g9rc-uve qdd0qr gnc?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one ki0;usly)dp kpw lp3 o1ean2z9: logram of mass from rest ynpus2e 0lzowa: ; k1)p 9p3ldto a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, 3xza.q /5pnef -/b kb2sg+ebp$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated througvg-bh dkmbl+;c3- m2ch 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased ;-bc m-glmhbkvcd2 + 3with respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket tg3gxrj(eazofk3xc fq2;hjp n.r) h -5 q1(dd3raveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. You measure the speed of ligc 2 .3hp5g zegjqfjq );3r( dr(dfo3 a-xn1hkxht from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. n: .i3q8c qje ek+jp*e If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what i8k 3+ eqp:qenc.ji je*s their approach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed:) o9evdw,a)a+wuw oy of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights of the ship relative to a stationary observyo9,)) wo: auwadv e+wer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from o /map(0q1rbm the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth1rmm ba(/ p0oq if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away fr80d5uqd)mguhu e+ h t(p8lo 1kom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires e+pd) k08m5 hguu1ohtlu d(q8 a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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