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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: admin   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaceship that has no windows, radios, or other means ffx4 ms9s;f1bxor you to observe or measure what is outside. You sb fxx9;mfs14wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant velocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley n/ ixr+ /p0j/s m,xwfcexperiment was designed to measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded from the results of z:ooh;lfhjf9de95 x 9 ayf3j7 their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you usel0/ent rz3e;b6d/ytb the following components:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity principle.r-nlfs rq, dc8b9 l,8f-fi;vs
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Gali83 cf0o0btkn ;du 6o/wj vkce,lean-Newtonian relativity.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special re x j)*dmez z/py7e4tn.lativity

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulatatb/*ocigxmn th3cm :3 .3mf.es in formulating the special theory of relativity was that the laws of physics are th*n.cta:/3mb3 xmi3fh t g cm.oe same in reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativit o-o0/n;hmlr 9:dr3whaj pgxpmk5s* v2su-.py.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate of special rela) 0hi (6ffgleytivity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measure your pulse rate why:-ir *s4+h lfu on1bq4dg)qg ile in a spaceship moving away from the Su rf o44lqidqh uy1-g*b)+ gn:sn at a speed close to the speed of light, you would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationar5qvsypf) fptwi( ns,k2j6* x0y observer, a moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined a g) eapmndl.lxz9v870s $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling gl5 kraqs6i78vfb+ p- at a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains op7 i 5b g-l+8vakfsr6qn Earth. The twin that remained on Earth predicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationasnv vm1 6xfv1(4a6lux ry observer, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a dic c)tg7y lp6c5rection parallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a statl6 cy5cpg c7)tionary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction uik./ 9 smel8ha g6oir.*qj2tparallel to its length with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measur26sog8ek 9hl/ .* arm.uitjiq ed by a stationary observer,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speedtkvi7v41+ k bz of light, the mass of the particlk4tzv i1 +bk7ve

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the mom;nv2 bkwz0g6e b2x50g(i q zlmentum of the parqlw 0b62;ggm5 ziv bx(zek2 n0ticle

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speeddxxzm;s g0w;:. As it passes, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. Fr;: mgz 0wx;dxsom this measurement, you conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy oy-wzrkbld, 7a xyqj*.g7 1z 6cf a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubles?rbg7y dxz,16qcy7 l- *wz.ajk

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the total relativistic energqkprdss11 2n * l;bb/zy of a speedy proton when its relativistic mass doubleb1lnpsdbqr /1 *2zk;ss?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle of mr5 8)+s+wcx4 20jyext k5auvjm( bgktass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.5g5alxsuac.1yb -s,fs7 oj b3. 0c in a straight line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on bfs 1sal c.s.u73,y oaxbg-j5 each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the followiw50 jlqjoe8x5 a+ (f8;t eoxatng depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your spaceship increases, you would observ6xp2 6d k h:wisos,y4re

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.6zu(j-q pyfhq,1y/qbtn( l+ 4 3lxb st0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s ifhfjy( +(p,q- 4tytn 1ub lzxqbls 63q/ the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative tov khko2-9:ly th5yth/ the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is ohvk9t ly2t/k5:-y hh heading downstream?

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, yar/2ct -b2e)s70fs:wt uslf relative to the shore, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading ssr:0fet l2s)/7w-but cyasf2traight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel if it irdc; qx9gdi;k 8e9z4gs to be observed by a stationary observer as running; rdq9d 9;4e xig8gzkc at one-half its normal rate?

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop jour4fzve-6 k.oa4th;wjhn 1(ava ney to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spac4ja;vz1 e4 .kf( vnwoat- ha6heship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 ye( zy 1b:;f t/(tpeeyodl3t.foars old. While Courtney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 year;yl o. p3oez(/tf1b e td(fty:s old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space trip with auxht/+47v ve f speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returning to th47/v xvhet+ ufe Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What isn hi+t 5/4kram its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to mo9u 56o7dqiip vve to contract to half of its proper length (as observuoip iq675d 9ved by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at re:8xx *v0z 5r j(2kfvzkcjn q1slkbs )/st. If the spaceship travels by you with a spee *kz 1ls5 fx:nq sczj(rb /jv20v8)kxkd of 0.70c, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar syso d6no bbmu.h38d(bhmq u.7 a+6t0w qstem is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distsh(.. t63b7qu 8a qm06mubbn oddwo+hance does the space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system +ypj8xfo:,g 1o g5+y 5lpj2n*ibrcuhis Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on cx phpgi bfuj:lojo*5+1g,2 y +ry85n board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is 3s-tzxyd.ks 9rjh /h(Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the stat(k shd-hs yz 3r9jx/.r. How much time would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at nb;l *qvp7kmz; zof7: 0.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of a proton if its mass is twice its r)y xbk iyh4*u/.unmy 0est mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your spaceshc /tvbo y9s3)tip goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will increat 39ybscvo) t/se by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum fi3(jj. +vfb9fa )lzsin $kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, an element loocl3fqybz)6m, u o -8vses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be releaseb/d 76x7h iilda:v vqd /-ml3ld if 2.0 kg of material was lost during a reactio7hv 6lb-: a/lqvxm i73ild/ddn?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy e9t+yk)t m1lcequivalent to two kilogram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dqw,f-va jw-zq 8vao0x zih0*6ropped on Nagasaki in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It released energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 to v06* awv-xiwzfqq8jz,-o a0hns of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. c0vm;bs6e ax4lqc wf4: (dq.e What is the speed of 0;c4da mecql .sb4xwqve 6(:f the proton?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is the 9y h h*, t4*a4gsgz*s0nv fus3ou )ejbmomentum a*usz 0 o**hj9bsge34u),vytn f shg4 in $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV)s9 ;lityn k nnmn g8i88:-e;ab during a reaction in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in whichmo(m3hprk 59 y $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of an electron moving withj2m/ pprh** wvdn5vc ; a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of eneu: r;)xcuyys2 rgy are required to accelerate one kilogram of mass from resyrsyu2x;cu :) t to a velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, ib8q 0i, sip3r$1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is accelerated through 100 kV. By what f*1bi ,yn d8ok5v vg izz6ubb48actor has its mass increased 8nv*6du o51v ib4y,k8bgbiz zwith respect to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.95c. 7q8df*6h +nrt zjqqb0 You measure the speed n6 j *q7qh+d80frtqzbof light from the Sun to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling t 7.iwovo.kh 4 3axwtn3hrough space at 0.60 c relative to the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their appix ..3waoo3k4h 7tnvw roach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveling with a speed nmr9u hm0,a/wzp4h py9nd m: .ap/f(2-nyjjs of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights 0h:y n., 4pfm9myu 9w-h /msdrjjz(pna/n2ap of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth withy nu7 .j*qombk*uainaw ;1 z,9 a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earto 7m*9kjn *.zyanu biu,a;q1wh if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Ew*d/ *lfc zn,8srjudigw9ye ;w1w q0aaf+a ).arth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then/*c0awqyz8)l +ejiffs*ra.w1da d n,ww; ug9 fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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