Which of Newton's laws best explains why motoris:za .52uzpfj ycm:wh/q .grz 1ts should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultant force on 8c+7u bj9qeugd 6no5 zyou is

  In the absence of an external fvqnt o yia;x1s+;:1knc ;hr x.orce, a moving object will

  When the rocket engines on the staroaf.l77/en brship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly turned off,r.n/ e 77afblo while traveling in empty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line 9mg k gbab3a3hg9.ci0u,dx2wwith constant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions.i,bw39g gx0k3bd2cg aamhu 9 , the force that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bu91v8:isqvczell5:j j el : wp+s, facing forward, and you suddenly fall forward. You can imply froms:l j iz9+l v:1l8epwc:5vqje this that the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing fnbmbxv(m- -o5r8m *p vk3fm. xorward, and you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force caused you tv m8vpb*oxx.-(mmrb- k5f3 n mo fall forward?

  A constant net force acts oovqi)i y6 :lz (qiyc;mi8 g.7kn an object. Describe the motion of the object.

  The acceleration of an object is npzo(o9tl1f1 h uei:-inversely proportional to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m wi )vqzb6n,z u;ivd /9s .h.j0fsn:, vyk9rmvffth an acceleration a. If the same net force is applied t f:svd,hff,9b mv6jnyz/. k).inuzr9 qvv; 0s o mass 2m, then the acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and prod*j9 r0.ssu 2gefq r*6tira yf*uces an acceleration a. What acceleration resfg6ay.s*ui2ret9sqj r *0r*f ults if a net force 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and thenv1g)rhh: y: q 9u2ezye release it, the balloon will fly away. This is an illustration ogv) : z91rq yuye2h:ehf

  Two cars collide head-on. At every moment during the cip ;m sdep7)x(w;9 ahcollision, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on them 9; x) ph(wc7eidpas; second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the force which the object e;e 8+r r8nf.qgs gnc/sxerts on you wi gnes8f/ q;crsgrn8.+ll

  Action-reaction forco fqe:vvi 4upw+viuy0 1c )5p4es

  Action-reaction forces areyn3nel (ul 490pugp6b

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb car and causes a lot of)fv 7a,pqse-i5 on7,6k ogdsa damage to the car. Since a lot of damage is d7e,pas6fkd o vn-5a) ,sg7iqoone on the car

  An object of mass m -*p5+urercmkk+p 3d :6midyj sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this object with force mg, which we will call the action force. What is the reaci6uk:ecm+3 yd5rmp +r- jpdk* tion force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling by means of a8pg ei*g5rl ,w string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force,"*lrgw5,iep8 g what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to you with a 1500-N instantaneous force. r -:rdiiz4ts6 The ball hits the bat with an instantaneous force, whose magn6ri z4- isrtd:itude is

State Newton's three 3ggl0w+ 5pz h, zb9i gr)/iaf 6evpk5llaws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is low7uhu t.f+xed uyo9)p4 er on the Moon than on Earth. Which of the following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon'sfote+7)h94p yx u duu. surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acts at a ccbo5f6az43ojc3 ;uxdistance is

  Who has a greater weight to 0cqg lsroovq1 51bpmmk4j( ((mass ratio, a person weighing 400 N or a person weighm0qm1(1 l rocbqsgj4p( 5(k voing 600 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the net hsct 1ypkbi4 j-) lrcd.0hdv (vz88 r-force acting on irt h )jc.c0kvb8-zr(dhl-spi4v 1dy8t is

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are dropped simultaneously from the same heiz lgvftp *r1)7/(p g0azgn6 svght. Ignore air resistance7z lpt6rv*(sngvz0g/ g)fa 1p . Compare their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather fall to the earth at their respective terminal , gf.rf/s 6lovj mwh4-velocities. Which ob g64- srj,lfof. h/vmwject experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an elevator. Tnyf7w,s eqr96he elevator is moving up at constant speed. Whatn9w 7,sqrfe6y is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a sc gyd-x kb orpt;37(t8tring from the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving up trt3-x8p;oykbcg ( d7ward, but slowing down. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from sliding on anqim q/j4odcw40;/;9 sr qeqkg icy sidewalk is

  It's more difficult to start moving a heavy carton 0pye 1migur;/ from rest than it is to keep pi up/ gr1yme;0ushing it with constant velocity, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest across a horizontal surface (fric h631fhdhz7 4ja:h+ob4jyp6 edl zn q7tion is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions hafhl jz7 ze7b6h4no4 3d+6 ydh:1pqjremain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inclined ramp at constang;k 3) oks/ipbi/een* 5v+euo t velocity. Thus we can d*k;v5 +es)oi3enbugk e/o /pieduce that

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane )(ip p) -spxld7duik :inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the bloc (ppl- pxdiiu7:)k) dsk is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle ql( l4ey2d mc;7lji7j k with tml7ye2lc j(;id4j 7 lkhe horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless aq/- /--bsayfjtwk1 bplane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal.aysbajw-1/ qb /--k tf The gravitational force is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simuw y i3cfg8ci*jw:6s9 bltaneously on an inclined plane that ma8w:6g ccbs 3ifiwj 9*ykes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleration after being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surface. A8 uk+3gup /yj6.lsu1bu vxlk m3:uyh/ 16-N force is applied to the object, and it ahk8ybu.gpu3mlu3vy6 s1+u kl/j /: uxccelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelerate from rest to 27 m/s i, xnz ozt+x0, -amld; wt,au.wn 7.0 s. What is the avera+-mwwx0,t aa;ut xd,noz.,z lge forward force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. wo)a9gov,dm i1ps .u1po;zl r4g1h+ r What is the n9+sp. o,h 1 om1 irwdvor4g alp1;)uzget force acting on the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires a p8 (2d mr;qqytspeed of 50.0 m/s after tra8t p2;mqyrdq( veling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that you push a 10-kg51 dn)0cl.gnvmrvl 5q mass from restn.lm1rgvcv5l n)5 dq0 ,

  What is the mass of a person who wew;9t .yfeez v0ighs 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the sea,/tk5dd: a nb2;d/kf;rrwcurface of the Earth where the acceleration due to gravity irn t;ea5k:bck/ d/a2dd; r,wf s $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on the Egn kpa)8)xij/z 4iw6varth. What is the mass of the object on the surface of the Moon where the acceleration due to gravity is only 1/6 of that on the Ea a jiv)pn6w8k4z g)x/irth?

  Object A weighs 40 N 9f;dsudh)n3 won Earth, and object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon's gravity is one sixth of Earth's. Compare the masses of the obw ;)h9fn3du sdjects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on opposite k - 98q/zuqi,j+eousht+a)o (7hzn sbends of a 5.0-kg rope. Sue pulls with a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates towarda,+ uo+ije tq-z8ushs9q /7 kohn zb() Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level frictionless surface. A force F acts on the c jv dau 6bx0n,by.;c3stack, abdn acv,ujc;.6x0by3 nd it accelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elevator. What willgpglbs1eh s c0b5t88d s4-9 z5xbkt/d the scale be reading when the elevator is accelp8s0x/gbz d58 h lsdkst5 b49egb t-1cerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. Ifhz3y93sg9us: rpe /bm the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward with an /m9 zp9urshy3eg3b:sacceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides idzw4 vclwmc3 1vb*:3 kn an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates upwacvc*m3w:wbz d4l1 v3krd with an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitu(5l 98 rjxcl eubj9xl4n)iq ,pde of 8.0 N and is directed due north. iep4x9lu,(bn8 5cxql9ljrj) The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a ar03gu tgia6, truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slida, u0ig6tga3r e forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place4krj /jx9n rr*kf6 mew4m4z x; by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is tf*rw94r jj x4;6mem k /rnzxk4raveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg9moy3imv7 ;hp) zftw spuk d3( 55-dxf, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the system? (Ignore friction an9;w5ksf pmi o( m75p fuv)dy3dt z-hx3d the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg1lvn9ztws,1r-c9 i 1pxoy t+m , what is the tsmtpcr,o 9 v-i+nz11xt l9yw1ension in the string? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force2 :o 9w8blm hqt(mgvi5 of 100 Noq ( 8g29wvt hli:m5mb in a direction of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box oe4rg7 :gurq+8d v6lah f books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horiz7lgqrae6vg r8 hd4:u +ontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N iydc -fmbqpsw u0i3p0 eu-/:.m s supported by two ropes as shown in Fig. 4-2. What u fc-0/ p0ubymwe: -3s. idqpmare the tensions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ropes are 50 N, whx 2w7frrp4s ob*r: gh/at is the mass of the traf7/ sx*r f:4bp2ghor rwfic light?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with ehc5lvn .exy/ (5cua.2spr+4u hd4t tyach other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acc5lhsyx+tnavutp5cue4.y(c. h/ 4dr2 eleration of the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with eavg7-m wo*0wfo1 56si ydoxq5ach other on a frictionless surface. (S1o isdo6a0 fqxymw*gov75-w 5ee Fig. 4-3.) What is the net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4utvpf ml-r 7(k n/:b*,ldpu9z .) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the tension in zkt,9ub(/ frpp dm n:-l*lv7u the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and +qnvz9- pf- qk2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box i- k9-p+qnzvfq s F, what is the acceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord running over a pulley as78g 2pq:zyoksc lc( o3 shown in Fig. 4-5. Box I7oy:opc8k (q2 3c lgzs of mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of staticpa0ucu u pet.8 +ld,*y4f vy6h and kinetic frictions between a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on the box when a 15 N horizontal force. dep+4hv8u0p6fuay clu y,t* is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of static and kinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 at0a8z n r*hu;bn;0azurn8* tbh d 0.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level su8x s;orwd9:* gfd fx7(fm2 gfhrface in the +x direction. It slows and comes to a stop with a constant accefhxgf7fmr o(g :s*2 ;wxd89dfleration of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal surface b(h+atx:j2w q is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N fric(:hqw2abj+tx tion force retards the motion. What is the acceleration of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, from reswt21l4zej xhdj 5s+;bt, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck mepxy u85 *wb2is given an initial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on the ice before it st p8ybwx5 me2u*ops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a:bt ie aqb /0 etqxxk*am+4h)1 traffic accident, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's xt+bt)h:biex0 4 */qqe1aka m tires and the roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stack2 yzblywru+545b1 ,u x /iwrucr+lp ge-*drp7ed. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horiz -,u5li7bwy+ r1gu2durblr ec*rz+x /5w yp4p ontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stackedfy uh1(i8pzl 3. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more ma8f1ph3yzul(i ssive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictionless inclined plane. The plai rpwtcz0 71u3s;/czi ne is inclined at an angle of uici 1z3wcz;t/p7s0 r$30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down a flat hfi ag(s2un7z7 ;-.ylf ija.dqill that makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth inclined plane with an 5bgz q4:ld doua iktc-byx ,;35;ev6langle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth incli ar*-ilbphh73g r ;w3jned plane tilted at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directcz 58qn tif2v6ly down an inclined plane, at a constant velocity of 6.0 m8i cvz2qfn 5t6/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m slides down a roug0h7,bv0 aiz gzh $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides down a ro.wlv s d znq*9fvm2 l+9k8l7rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log wel wlg4+rwgc5u/ m66 qpighing 500 N along a rough surface. The cable attached to the log makes a l u5gplg wr/m6qwc6+4n angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a rough inclined plane tilted at an angljvp j/ ;2k7wvvh1m)w mevm2vp wjv1/khm 7;w)j of $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. The angllzhg 2jer,.o )ordc(zd0 d15be of incline is gradually increased until the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction betz52 ( r)b,d0.zg jrdclhd1ooeween the object and the plane?