Which of Newton's laws best explains why motoristwh6uuup7q. gpog:3cqvnr( 3* qw2r 8ys should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultant force on you isob-.5dq jf+4 ib)wz pb

  In the absence of an external force, an(m1t1l-zwh) j fzn2 3ir*mk x moving object will

  When the rocket engines on the starship o 8h1j;b,h /0ol oabtqNO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly turned off, whil0o,j; ohtl q8o1ba/ bhe traveling in empty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space insa hd3 . g3*cic*80ukmwruwe5 a straight line with constant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force that must be applied to c5 ugmsd* *e3w8w3ua .ik0rhcthe rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, and you si; jq* 9cbkc2vuddenly fall forward. Yc*vqbi2 j c9k;ou can imply from this that the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, and youwifv0if at1/u j5z x9: suddenly fall forward as the bus cof f :t5/0 ixwuijzv1a9mes to an immediate stop. What force caused you to fall forward?

  A constant net force acts on an objec/dtt ywt32*1zv iq;cit. Describe the motion of the object.

  The acceleration of an object is inversely proport - 4.3 m ihrgntzvd.*fz9egsb;ional to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m with an ag+ + dz4ff ;ddcw6f3bjaudy2:cceleration a. If the same net force is a6 bd+ca fzjwdd2:df +yu43gf;pplied to mass 2m, then the acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass m and produces an acceleration : rg/yzin37kvf9v,f o a. What acceleration results if a net force 2F acts on mass 4m?fvk ,37fznyi 9/g r:vo

  If you blow up a balloon, an7y cdxmixqm-n + d(*f)d then release it, the balloon will fly away. This is an illustratim-7fy i d+xndxqc m)(*on of

  Two cars collide head-on. At evermh .m/mdbi pf11r u t4)ous56ey moment during the collision, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on the second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example o dos6ehm1.t )mr4 /5f1uupmi bf

  If you exert a force F on an object,l5+li+ed,sa(y* ed-o fk 0l)4 al2u cyqojv b4 the force which the object exerts on you wil eloldsdcl-,0 ko+eb24j (5ua*iy qaf+ 4)v yll

  Action-reaction forces39 xlz/epe2;eeqzwks 3kkz 7f42va t)vuds( )

  Action-reaction forces afiqr n7tki+4/nl ( eeq+tq:5ore

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb car and causes a lotig -r o/b0g,ym2twsn0 of damage to the car. Since a lot of damage is done onis o,0wtgnby0 g2/m-r the car

  An object of mass m sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on tq8b j(*m 4et,gy1 co *fxaee*jhis object with force mg, which we will call the aefxt1jc**ea*j(ym 8 4qg, boection force. What is the reaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from l*k32 nbl 73,evwi e)0lc-n k uopqt4othe ceiling by means of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force,q lpil 0-nk tk73o) c,vnbeuo4e 23*lw" what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball6cp *y w; 6ef6aj4frlh pitched to you with a 1500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits the bat with an instantaneous force, whose magnitude iy;a4rpf*jlecw f66h 6 s

State Newton's three laws.jc (7f z(b,aej

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is lower on the Moon thad3lr/:/n *uftdnu +jrn on Earth. Which of th/dr3t nr dfjun/l*+ :ue following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which acts at a disterbnfy0 hrl,;-qxgnm2 vyn2k , 9y;.vance is

  Who has a greater wei)z*y1nby t5-5k 56 p lananxg dd8be9qght to mass ratio, a person weighing 400 N or a person weighing 60y55ea6bnnn *y k d15g)qzap9lb8-d tx 0 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the net fat*i :cz17k qjorce acting on it i7jz tk:q1*cia s

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are droc4m f:d8 zwle7pped simultaneously from the same height. Ignore air resistance. Compare their acceleratio zlfmdw7: 4ec8ns.

  A brick and a feather fall to the earth at their respec6nfd dh .ducctv(a +4nt- mr+:tive terminal velocities. Which ouna-v.dn6 ctmd (t +d4c+f rh:bject experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from t 4 d8)kw+lt9gazstg w25/tag ghe ceiling of an elevator. The elevator k24lad5tza9 /g+) ttgwsw gg 8is moving up at constant speed. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an eaccer)2 f(k j f,s-mc5levator. The elevator is moving upward, but slowing down. What is the tension in the strinf5 csj,) -am2ccr(fkeg?

  The force that keeps you from sliding on an icy sidewalk isu;: fgl x;) ly;psuc.r

  It's more difficult to sop3e;ra cxd 9 :duo ).n)rrg2ztart moving a heavy carton from rest than it is to keep pusgr )u9r2o pn) ea.o;d 3crxz:dhing it with constant velocity, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest a alpyqy v) rd;,fj1y99cross a horizontal surface (friction is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is reqyyrv,f;9 y1jlp )da9peated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inclined ramp at cuyeywcb40;vvt8fe17 z g;wfz* 1ydu:onstant velocity. Thus we can deduce ve yf 7ufyctgb4v:wu ;1*;ze d8 wy0z1that

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane incl+,+c00vspm qdu*5jc a mpz* npined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the0v*p sz0p*mn ,qa+ucpdm+j 5c block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionle8.qjs:ps:ft2yto 2srss plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction fotrp.2s 8syfotsq:2: jrce exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q wi34g* d8u95)rukb-rarf ki *zp a-zk dith the horizontal. The gravitational f5ruafu)p3r*agri8-kz d4 9d kk-i*b zorce is directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are released simultaneouszvf6s2bl kw- 7hsxm66ly on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their accelerabsw76v6lz 2hf6sk m x-tion after being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surfa ,n op4)-3fb9 no3ujhl-gzmr tce. A 16-N force is applied to the object, and it u,h3m-fng o)b9-3 jnp trzol4 accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kghpm kzn;q39nd 4p4lg lo81. id can accelerate from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 s. What is t ng;kd49li 13qnd4lmp pzo8.h he average forward force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. Whad:mtllmc :h+uilw/x04ea*ys) xr -3wt is the ne xyl)eshwxtd/ mi3 r4m-* la0w::+lcut force acting on the body?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires a speed of 50.0 m/7,ugf nr+o ,mfs after travgf,+u7nom,f r eling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that you push a 10-kgneo jwgl0b71j(ih j2/ mass from rest,jjge jbh2/1n70ow il (

  What is the mass of lywczh)yoc0u8x v4 1me)6o: y a person who weighs 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the surface of the Earth wh, g/j/ z(tg 9 /rdz*fqpphn8xzere the acceleratz8d,/*fq/j(h t9 gg /zppzrxnion due to gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on the Earth. What is the mass of the o+o b,p5b mi6i.xqfj(z2 m c9xrbject on the surface of the Moon where the acceleration due to gravity is only 1/6 of that on the Eox6qr5 .i2zc,j9(m ipmfx+bbarth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Earth, and object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The M7*v qcgukxqz 1 2a(b)roon's gravity is one sig27c)karxbqv* qu z(1xth of Earth's. Compare the masses of the objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tuguu-+ghhmvy0 0 -of-war by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.0-kg ropemvuhh-0 + y0gu. Sue pulls with a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level 843 t8mkmm e bfl3ko/ofrictionless surface. A force F acts on the stack, a3mokobk4 3t fem/l8m 8nd it accelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elevator.1o td*s), e* )wwrjqtt;wd1v v What will the scale be reading *ewd1vt) wwsv,dt t ro)qj; *1when the elevator is accelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in ivnl x5c10t jb2ed3l3 an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward with an 0d3cxlt53jv ne i 2bl1acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass t76fv+fi o ec5l*m .gfof the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates upward with v 6l5*ffe.imft+7cog an acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One force has a magnitude oa4h59kpr ic p3g0d3hohdu 9r9 f 8.0 N and is directed due north. The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?30apchr9dd5h9r9oup i4 gk3h

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a trqt3f cd7i: mv;uck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal fo3icf : ;q7dvtmrce of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg yz5;ojpm. k oprz+)k2 rests on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, whatkpry;)om.p o z5zk2+j is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg )levnw4h,e n;wtd4 mi 49nkh:and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of theh elhv :94)emnw;,nnd4itw4k system? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown 00vq ker84x kiv5+8 ofpflt4din Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the tension in the string? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulle qilovp0508x kkr4tefvd f4 8+y.)

  A student pulls a box of books on j,bu+u e:)xu0* egtk .p4jtieh ;gwmxz;f *5sa smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a4t;e wje,k*uxuzt)5gb;.f m0gh:jp+* suxe i direction of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of1z.ifs8ew h- 4p pv4hw 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, e-h .i18sw wzppfh 44vwhat is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported by two ropes as shown em m6 ./:wugdres zh-cl9p(t +in Fig. 4-2. What are the whud9eemg - .spl+(c6m:z/trtensions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ropes are 50 N, what is the mass of the t:t/o d(fdv,n trafft,dtf /ond(v :ic light?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each othe09kwnj6cduxya t 4ea65x p(q+ r on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the acceleration of the x4 at +65qawkd ue09cy6x pj(nmore massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each other on a frictierp(2-a nzw :ionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the net forpr a- i2n:(ewzce on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m.2a)leoyrk0 edf7 s :j and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward forc2a 7y)0e .fsej:ldor ke on the more massive box is F, what is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Figfz2d 2ov3)o06yl,7 a s,nn qxar h,rtn*bx7er. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what t *0 r hndafl,n6x zn7sybe2o aq,orv),327xris the acceleration of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a p4:jmiqib 4p 9op ;v:(dztq1rcord running over a pulley as shown in Fig. 4-5. Box I 9p bqtqz;:mdri41p (iv j 4po:of mass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic fricti)7bxego jpd)2 ons between a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on the box when a 15 N horizontal force is applied to g ))e2opj bxd7the box?

  The coefficients of static and kinetic frictions for plastic on wom:hg s .4esh4jod are 0.50 an.jgem44 hh ss:d 0.40,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direc k6c/el,rbfw4tion. It slows and comes to a stop with a constant accelera w6f/,blk4ecr tion of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal/2vr9 +y9z ci lsffibub+:t2 f surface is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards the motion. What is the acceleratc: iy9 2bbr i9ff+t2z+vfsul/ ion of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg mass, fro6n n rrs*f1:mym rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is given an initial speed of 10 m/s. It 4fr. ss4m .,w -majkjnb,c2 geslides 50 m ogsn ekmfaj44 .js,wc2rm.b, -n the ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a traffic ac5n cots;ym9tfodaxx/. eq7g8: y q4 q7cident, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car wcx qqqte/gt7a 5x8fod9 s:y y4nm;o.7hen the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface betwee )v0qxjbd5:j6ddhm1w n the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not smjdh1dw06)d xqb: j5 vlide on the more massive box, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked8 lepku29wsv 7y4eua0. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between t sl2vw807 e9upyae4ukhe more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a fridt;lfhfybgoq 777:-qfx -e p4ctionless inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an angle of xqf-goqb4-l fy 7d7h:te;7pf$30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down a flat hill that ma*a8u9yssn )3wuxv zz 3j*fb:r kes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth inclined plane with an ano/d a*e*ynxix*y7 8azuf2-sdgle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclined plane tilted at an angle omv*x n e om,od+2;gh(sf $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an inclined plane, abjkb t i,qv7-nzsdx 1-)sm,2zt a constant velocity of 6.0 ns2b ds ,j-btvi71xk qz)-mz, m/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mas, gc.ks8h py9qh6-pxt5wviz+q wb;f,0qf -avs m slides down a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides down a rou+r t12kz7. jtl xp1lfzc6j1 wcgh $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log w0cq (2mk3wil; qe1ae/m )oceceighing 500 N along a rough surface. The cable attached to the log makes acekec/q 1a momw2(ce;l)q0 i 3n angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is releasedg0d t(yia wjsw/ft vf;(*t1 l) from rest on a rough inclined plane tilted at an anglet/wvt fif(w;( y*1ats g0ldj ) of $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined pllkx.ppwe 8* )e z(lk9rane. The angle of incline is gradually increased until the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction bexe9 pl8pz.lre*kk( w )tween the object and the plane?