What property of water helps living organis83.j vm3vvh aqms maintain their internal body temperaturq mvavv.3h3 j8e?

  Which of the following/ br7p96bq/e*u+ uxls sk7pug is not soluble in water?

  What substances are attracted to water and form intermolec1 plbd fn.4a kj6v0wtd01+ dcjular bonds with water moltfjwcvdk+l0 jp6 da1b.d401n ecules?

  Which of the following is a reasjso-v4q owt+w ;/j 1dcon for the retention of water on Earth?

  What is the most accepted theory for the origin of water on Ea1/ ecn0zisoovgy r280rth?

  What intermolecular bond is responsible for water's cohesiv*nk 7wn7fsrzt*:9 yo8r t l/i+uswi7be, adhesive and thermal ps**7oz t+lf:wnwbynt rs7 k/ r79 ui8iroperties?

1.Outline how hydrogen bopkprn4(4h ,oqdhr puf4 (6ull30 xly( nds form between water molecules.

2.State one of the ways how hydrophilic substances interact with water.

3.State one of the ways how non-polar molecules interact with water.

4.Distinguish cohesion and adhesion.

  Which property of water g b. palquo0pip 1vv7i:,c+ c10pvuq8enables marine animals such as the ringed seal (Pusa hispida) to stay afloat in water without expending l1+.p v7q8pv ,ug 0o0ccu :ipvaibqp1large amounts of energy?

  The cohesive and adhesive properties of water allow xylem vessels to transport wk 6 2;2zco hygc7cvcp2ater inside plants6;ck2z72ccyo pcvg2 h.

Which of the following are correct descriptions of how these properties are related to water transport in plants?

  Which of the following is a reaha nsbzoh22:/ w ad;c-son that the Earth is considered to be in ‘The Golo; :wa/zdh2-hn2sca bdilocks zone’, but Saturn is not?

  Which of the following stcw13b 5ff1kx /xs9eotatements about the dipolarity of the water molecule areetw1c xbf x9 5k31fo/s true?
I. Oxygen attracts the shared electrons stronger than hydrogen.
II.Hydrogen atoms are partially negative.
III.The shared electrons spend more time closer to oxygen.

  Which of the following is not a reason that scientists look for the prese9v+ t-oju6yar nce of water on planets as a sign of extrat uj-+a6ovy9 trerrestrial life?

  Which term to describe a property of water is matched tu;px667 +wwv nub pw/xo its correct definition?wv7px6wn 6u b;w+pux/

  The image shows a water striderzrw;m;4,0bi pvb nal g82/wek (G. lacustris) on the surface of a pond. What prme,ziv ;;albg/ nb4 wp802 rwkoperty of water is not depicted in the image?

Below is a picture of a water strider (Gerris sp.)su7bc.e*3m t: n0bd er.


1.Explain why the water strider (Gerris sp.) does not sink.
2.Describe, using an example, the importance of water as a solvent in living organisms.

The image shows a ringed seal (Pusa his9hc,:xr g31gjgooz w6pida) that lives in the Arctic Sea.


1.Distinguish between the physical properties of air and water that allow the seal to mostly live in the sea.
2.Ringed seals glide into the water head first from ice shelves, rather like humans diving into a pool head first. Explain the advantage of entering the water in this way rather than ‘belly-flopping’ into the water.

  An investigation was carried out into the ej.ve1u 0v 3ffdffects of household detergents on aquatic habitats. Scientists tested the effect of different household detergents on the surface tension of water in order tdju ef .3f0v1vo better understand the impact they may have on organisms living on the surface.

A paper clip was folded slightly on one side and rested on the surface of the water, maintained at a constant temperature and contained within a water tank. Drops of detergent solution were slowly added to the water tank until the paperclip sank to the bottom. The volume of detergent solution taken to sink the paperclip was recorded.

Detergent solutions were made by adding 5 ml of detergent to 15 ml of water.


1.Describe the relationship between the volume of detergent solution added and the surface tension of water.

2.1.For the Easy Clean detergent, calculate the mean number of drops of detergent needed to sink the paper clip.
Mean =  ml
2.2.Estimate how many drops of Easy Clean detergent solution it would take to sink 5 paper clips.

3.1.State one variable, other than those given, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve a valid result.
3.2.Suggest one method that could be used to keep the water at a constant temperature.
3.3.Explain the importance of maintaining water at a constant temperature.
3.4.Identify one potential source of error in the methodology.
4.Suggest why different numbers of drops of detergent solution were needed to sink the paperclip between each type of detergent.

  Which of the following is not -odac-gg g m(6plu8z i,fi1c6 a real-life example of adhesion?

The image shows a cross-section of tyo-ins(cq, 01br.wi,jyk if4he vascular tissue of a woody dicot stem, showing the anyr,0(-1isio cjf.,k y n4q ibwnual rings of phloem and xylem.


Explain how the properties of water allow it to be transported in the xylem.
Describe a physical property of water, other than those that are important for the movement of water through the plant, that makes water essential for the survival of plants.
Outline why plants cannot use water to transport lipids.
If the temperature drops to -1$^{\circ}$ for a few hours suggest a reason why the water in xylem may not freeze.

  The black-throated loon (Gavia arctica) is a bird that lives near lar )6u-/6 g*mcnajvfrvp htbo2 5ge bodies of water in cold climates. Which of the following is a correct description of how the properties of water bjuogc 5ma -pvvr6 h 6nt/f2)*may make winter temperatures more moderate for the black-throated loon?

  Which of the following statement(s) aboutj82atem7ou z y*e(s(a the role of water as a solvent is correct? 8 e( 7ut (aejsyzam*o2

I. Salt can dissolve in water because it is hydrophilic
II. Lipids cannot dissolve in water because they are non-polar
III. Cellulose can dissolve in water, as it is able to form hydrogen bonds

  The micrograph below shows the longitudinal z62 d 8fsaus/across-section of a stem from a plant in the Pinus genus. Xylem vessels z a82dss /f6auare clearly visible.


The xylem is composed of hollow, tube-like tissues that transport water through capillary action. What property of water explains capillary action?

The diagram shows a solar system very similar to ours, where five planm*/v,)c;flns lb+ bldaw m* 6zets orbit nl fb/*+m,ms lc)v6w* bd; zlaa central star.


1.Define the term “Goldilocks zone”.

2.1.Label with the letter R the planet that is least likely to have extraterrestrial life present.

2.2Explain reasons for your answer to part (i).

3.1.Some of the planets in this solar system have water present on them. Suggest where this water might have come from.

3.2.Explain why the planets referred to in part (i) have retained water, whereas others in this solar system have not.

4.Suggest one other biological molecule, other than water, that may be a sign of life on a planet.

  Which of the following statec+z8 fwg6dy*.i ,j furments explains how water has facilitated the evolution of life on +.j6w cf, izgd8fr*yuEarth?