Which of Newton's laws best explains why motoristg(9: ntrorwupn c9sl +:)3s vvs should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chnxt6tq/5 i -9hyivry4 air, the resultant force on you is

  In the absence of an external for/zpnflo3 ccf x3de m;;s j,0m5ce, a moving object will

  When the rocket engines on the starship NO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly *pu.vd0 (q(: 4fhttp 3troe1khz5mfcturned off, while travzu*ohpf 43t.kttp1r hc(0dv q5: me(feling in empty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line with constant sp 9jrt c(d:d*rehp.b, beed. It is far from the gravitational effectjrded9 *c(h b,rpbt. : of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force that must be applied to the rocket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, and you suddeu7. xk4/m u 3dsev,bvauqvb /:nly fall forward. You can imply froma7.k3 e/ vs:, bmv u/budu4vqx this that the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, lutjta7 5nv c1:aw ng0gx d7:.and you suddenly fall forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. What force causvn17l:ax u t:0d5a7c .jgwtnged you to fall forward?

  A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motion of the object.tri dc)h /z,i6pw d/3c

  The acceleration of an object is inversely proportion1;trsy*5y gj)6 qur t2gm6xafal to

  A net force F accelerates a mass m with an ao( zmvf7bb8b7cceleration a. If the same net force b7vom(8 f zb7bis applied to mass 2m, then the acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mass wfo9+b9 qckd7zow b-,m and produces an acceleration a. What acceleration results 9ob- o, q 9zd+bfk7cwwif a net force 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, the ball;rthfxk12j-x pp .pd4oon will fly away. This is an t 1;pp.xxpf 2d4j-hkrillustration of

  Two cars collide head-on. At every moment during the collision, x li5lkzf9 52y ky0be7the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on the second is exactly equal to the magnitude of the5 7fl0iey bz9k5yxl2k force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the force which the object exertsdm f9zto,*.qq on you wilqmz*9qt,. od fl

  Action-reaction forcesylnhu6* ;k3ddgig +m:

  Action-reaction force8co s3)4fdoqvs are

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb car and causes a lot of damage to vwc*8n ermwoz:+n; xd :q*ip- the car. Since a lot of damage is done on the*q:n on; xw+wz* :-rmcpi dv8e car

  An object of mass m sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this cz 9ds v04-2p2 llvncyobject with force mg, which we will call tpdn l40 y-2slcz9v2cvhe action force. What is the reaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceiling r7vof 1h v9h3nc :5dphby means of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force," what is the "rv r9hofc1 p:vdn5h3h 7eaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to you with a 1 uo r7a(n871h 1muao+o)rzdf r500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits the bat8) oauf7 m7(hznr1oo1a rudr + with an instantaneous force, whose magnitude is

State Newton's three/gy1bp jb/me 6 laws.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to grav 25fc3ron usj;as+ 4pmity is lower on the Moon than on Earth. Which of the following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surface, compared t+3un5posjr fc;2m4 aso Earth?

  An example of a force 0 7:csu2l yk/e5a dwruwhich acts at a distance is

  Who has a greater weight to i(dd525k+j :ltoqfcn -ihl4nmass ratio, a person weighing 400 N or a person weighing 600 Nndifl(h54l 2kdq:5 j n-+oi ct?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the (/9runutqq :cnet force acting on r u( /:ct9qnquit is

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are dropped s3fxoso e moxc:)6 7:z1vjzq f6imultaneously from the same height. Ignore air resistance. czm1e3 :q7 oxsfj6 6vfoz )xo:Compare their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather nfmg8cc6 l/5 q um-0z9py; cp 0z2beyxfall to the earth at their respective terminal velocities. Which obju8 ;cbmyzfy0p/xnmcqc59e 06 plzg-2ect experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string nvp3lc*+rz;.f 1brq sfrom the ceiling of an elevator. The f;nq p.+*1lc rs3vbr zelevator is moving up at constant speed. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an elevator7*r4*g 7ckm:y k*qa wfmrz *:xssua r0. The elevator is moving upward, but slowing down. What is the tensiokcfw uxr*asy* gm:z 7qa*m0 :4srr* k7n in the string?

  The force that keeps you from sliding ohzrggd(r+4 z9 xw0l l;h:z rl*n an icy sidewalk is

  It's more difficult to stac:sh,gfvfo:i9ygk(;d v -+kfrt moving a heavy carton from rest than it is to keep pushing it with constant velocity, becauidv (:fgfsv9+-, y:;fg kkhc ose

  A horizontal force accelerakz +p7ra)u*c1c/mo6x qxhr /xtes a box from rest across a horizontal surface (friction is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's accrr)7px +ahk/u* zcqmc1x /6oxeleration?

  A packing crate slides down an incline-+ 1,owev,d4kejuhx r-m*gzh d ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can dedumzxkoh-+ e vd4,,-gwrej1h *uce that

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle qsni,( j gf4wkyu88sc7 with the horizontal. The normal reaction fngyj,wi u(k8s c4f87sorce exerted by the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane in ..j6os ryxost zgk58lw*,kni,eq d:.clined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction forcein 6jsr.xd,o yw8sg k*ze5qo,l.:.kt exerted by the plane on the block is directed

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an ayn.14 /)i;pv bgb6+cjq 5sf zla6jpvbngle q with the horizontal. The gravitational force ibv6/p)gsb.c1bn ;zf4ljq 6a5p jyi+vs directed

  Two toy cars (16 kg and 2.0 kg) are relea kkaf * 9vaws/ho7ex-9i12n+sn ch8pi sed simultaneously on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acce nkn+9fp-a 8 wo9a/icveh*1sk h7sx2ileration after being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surface. A 16-N force is applie6jvy8tq bb7paxsbzy46v ev1w8l /5 -xd to the object, and it accelerabv j8/6y q147by8 apx w5-tvlxvse 6zbtes at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accelqba.--d a ewy+erate from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 s. What is the averagea.ba+q- -ydw e forward force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a sp9 (zvl ucb7ras*.d4p u+9izkheed of 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. What is the net force acting on t.+klu9b79 ( rh s*4zzpia vucdhe body?

  An antitank weapon fires ieeq+as g*q2*5u 5wioi0 hb2u a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires a speed of 50.0 m/s after tw+*qu bs5 2 g2iq5e*0uheo iiaraveling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same forc.f 91:0b)zdl:xytom8oj -+ hyq gwvspe that you push a 10-kg mass from rest,v1d+pgw:by8z :xos 0ytjo-l 9hq.)mf

  What is the mass of a person who weighsfl5 7 :v/outdi4j8vk qa z8:mk 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the surface of the 2/k8wtzw. iu )3xd qllEarth where the acceleration due to gravity is 8ql. wzt d)u2i klw/3x$9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on the 8abxexx:;, 8t:-y s u)pwthujx4 l *qtEarth. What is the mass of the object on the surface of the Moon where the acceleration due to gravity is pl-jut;qhs8*:bta: ,xx 8ye4utw)x xonly 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on o5 nvx tf,ix )jc3(l,oEarth, and object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon's gravity is one sixth of E(i,n)xt fx5o voljc,3arth's. Compare the masses of the objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a b)c 8 raop/o3pdnjlq6(+dpm+ tug-of-war by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.0-kg rope. Suerjol6/3n)o(m+8p p dca+ qd bp pulls with a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a level frictionless surface. A force F acts on thame 09mnb0lmsph-iruv2c:c2a; w5g .- k xg5re stack, and it a;l0rgx 9m52: euacmw g5na-rv s-bh0c.2ik mpccelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a scale in an elevator. What w+.h sc8 7hivh lva/q a7n.pqonbfr, -*ill the scale be reading wa-rn q v.q.vla77i,+hn*/coph fsb h8 hen the elevator is accelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale r xxt (3bi1dk5mm93jnddx 2l0tides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward with an acce1t(il5d j x3db2k 30xmntx9d mleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 ;*jesif7r vh;kg and the elevator accelerates upward with an i*hs;ev ;j7fr acceleration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mas8,it.1dii.6d+y5 eo fblg ljr s. One force has a magnitude of 8.0 N and is directed due nt br6ldjfiigi.ol,8.5d1 y+eorth. The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It;l /w-m hvru5q is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. q5mrhlw;v/- u When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg resoicj(q)tera i.dyf9:d u1( x0ts on the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping time if the lo.1i0:ir fdqd9oat( u(cx jye)ad is not to slide forward into the cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fi5opcn 95c /slgg. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the system? (Ignorelo g5 5s/c9pcn friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown inb*wm(5 - s s,gh7i45wa7ngebufg ,fvp Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the ( ggbi- 7vs fhm,bf7p5easg,*5wwu n4tension in the string? (Ignore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of x7 -aq wx3kz)3es kz35bjorq ;100 N in a directiozax kjz3 5ks33 q -r)woe7b;xqn of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontj f86ytpt7j) c4hfm6e al floor with a force of 100 N in a direction of 37.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of ejm8yj7tcphf 46ft6) the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported by two ropes as sbhon3dje*lr44c8 j50 g: leljhown in Fig. 4-2. What are the tensions ilj l4 :nd4b*e 05gjroh j8lec3n the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the tensions in the ropes are 50 N, what is the mass of the trf,rug-a u h3(x :,bxszxc,q*saffic ligqbszxrg :fcs,u-x (h*, ux3a ,ht?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each other elof84e*pxnjg 8rl(+on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the af onxe8llp g+*r (je48cceleration of the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each otherllajo)2 0 4 .gbw*jilk on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) What is the net force on the more masbl 4k0liwa2*o .gjl )jsive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a ro0qe5dedodl 53pe. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, whato50le5 d dqed3 is the tension in the connecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-99agpsiza*dfh4gm-( 4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the acceleri4aaf pd 9(s9h*g-gz mation of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a co-yxz2u; wc 1fgrd running over a pulley as shown in Fig. 4-5. Box I of m;ywf uzxg2- 1cass
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic frictions betjtvpc6ky :,)4 9i3/*mcdt+c izf eofkween a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the net force on the box when a 15 N horizontal forf,9t3)ji6m*o+ptk4f i e/cd: cvk cyzce is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of static anmmb (8 ek(b(zop83tlrd kinetic frictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 and 0.4zmo(8pb m(8 l btk3er(0,
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. It slows and c5 zv xzn-uyd:d(y; s1c/ jam1vomes to a stop with a constant acceleratu:a s5dnyv/1(dc xy-zmvz1; jion of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal surfzpi 3r+f9j6e. gfwvyh5l/ lh8 ace is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards the motion. What is the accelh/ vl rpyf 8hfliw 6g.ezj359+eration of the object?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates a 4.0-kg ma.4c+ y :ycbitwl1z x 2ei)ybr)ss, from rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is given an initial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 u e7+ozn7rt (hm on the ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of khu (t7+nzre7oinetic friction between the puck and the ice?

  During the investigation of a trai)8c4 dt*1 shqg+akbs9fpajkn// d)bffic accident, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing condfa8qk)jd9gs 4*bst1p/n ia+ )c/ b hkditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were applied.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are s ctqsrudp( *k9(fe41 dtacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes ist4*qd( (cuerd f1p 9sk rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m arht7ta7anfq68;b s 45snd9szoiik66 e e stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizont z6n7daa56oq7 4s tshisnbet; 8kfi6 9al surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of static friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a fricti:/t( w wg(nz-5r wkdhmonless inclined plane. The plane is inclined at an angl(dw w5r kz:g(m/t -nwhe of $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down a flat hill thayk9uwn6t, s -1xxna* ct makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smooth inclined plane with ann ,qovfv6agqo6 o 7th-:v8k1n angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth inclined plane tilted ajjbg 9ls-r n06t an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an inclined plane, at z,t)v4ws 95 hbjxb l/qa constant velocity of 6.0 t, 9wz5qbbvlhs)j 4/x m/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m slides doj6+ 8s;n 2jsyo0wmdhqwn a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides down a epnv)uka t65 f7mm ,i/rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighizw ;.f9nwqvihk ;h)c *ng 500 N along a rough surface. The cable attached to the log makes a)h;v. k hnqi*wz9cf ;wn angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest on a cz+g449cwxi)f+ zsz drough inclined plane tilted at an angle of +cigs44z 9fz w+) xzdc$33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. The 1sy(9umm m0xj2wwh,k angle of incline is gradually increased until the object begins to slide. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is th9m ,jsxk1ym0(2 mhuwwe coefficient of static friction between the object and the plane?