Which statement about eukaryotice e)xsf ; v61/oah1*pagpzg) c cells is correct?

  Which are common features of bacterial cells? zi8is-g;x3r6vs swra3aym3)
I.
Have a single chromosome
II.
Have plasmids
III.
DNA associated with proteins

  What type of cell is shown inn28; uz ut8dd m5 lhcrp vxu5spg7;q31 the image?

  Which statement(s) about tu tg9)r0 eux)iom /un i45 7+ba6hpqlyhe endosymbiotic theory is true?
I.
It provides evidence for the origin of prokaryotes.
II.
It provides evidence for the origin of eukaryotes.
III.
It provides evidence for spontaneous generation.

  What provides evidence that ax d0ma2b+1y(epbb :hk 2oq)zill life on Earth evolved from the same population of cell m+b21(b kzq0d )yhoap :ixb2es?

  These photographs show the same sectio;u b-;ckbm+r pjvdab.pi-8+ hn of a human retina. What is the reason for the difference between the two diagram +b;u b pvp aji.k8m-;bhrc-+ds?

  Paramecium produces enzymes that catalyse different chemicir9s:3m nt .+*ma y5xhgt wv3cal reactions taking place in the cyto .m3h35*:aiwyrtvntx9 mcg + splasm. What function of life is demonstrated in this situation?

  What do the two labelled organe7lbi -dx edn5l-tn6lzw-ow; 2lles have in common?

  Which organelle has a double membr. mbj y4,yg1b+y7d(ayx wjk s4ane?

  Which row in the table correctly identifwb(44v5vzj e bkkq8y2 +oa0 zyies structures which are present (✓) or absent ( jy4y2o8z54 vba kz0k( eqvb+w×) in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

  Which structure found in a eukaryote has a double membranery7;;p:h90hs2y2 ch q g /6yaehbvpk e?

  
Chlorella contains the molecule chlorophyll which makes it to appear green. What life function is exhibited in this example?

  Which of the following statements -w w de; 16j59u3 (clk.:yj bbytsxuzjare true about the structure of cells?
I. All cells contain cytoplasm enclosed by the plasma membrane.
II. The microscope was important in understanding the structure of the cell.
III. Prokaryotes do not have genetic material.

  Which of the following is not a functidhriz901 ,d:t vbi(yxon of the Golgi apparatus?

  Which statement(s) abouutlqu7 :rv+qeueq72z5 1 wes* t cell structure is/are not true?

I.
Prokaryotic cells have a compartmentalised structure.

II.
Only eukaryotic cells have a Golgi apparatus.

III.
Only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

  The image below is a 7lvmo lk 69(s7 .x vwy5ojun2jmicrograph of blood.


1.Identify the part of the cells labelled A and B.
arrow    points to the plasma membrane
arrow    points to the nucleus
2.Outline why blood is classified as a tissue.

3.State where the stem cells needed to produce red blood cells are located.it is      .

4.Progenitor cells are produced by dividing stem cells. These cells will eventually differentiate even further. Blood cells have a common progenitor cell. Describe the process that happens to these progenitor cells.

  The micrograph below3m ve,4di/yzc2 tzjo9 shows E. coli cells.


1.Identify the structure labelled I in the micrograph.

2.If the magnification of the image is x36,000 and the length of cell II in the image is 54 mm, calculate the actual length of cell II in micrometres (µm).The number=  µm.

3.State one feature, other than the structure labelled I, that can be used to identify the cells in this micrograph as prokaryotic cells.

  Which structure is found in both eukaew1 +xxxetc5k s78v; dryotic and prokaryotic cells?

  Mesophyll cells are found in plants. Plant cells have unique c9ny/d 0 s4pw f/ky40x ig2xxthharacteristics that distith/ pwkygxi 09 0y/n4sx4fdx2nguish them from any other cell type.

In the micrograph above, one of the cell parts is labelled X. What is the name of this structure?

  The micrograph shows a transverse section throupukty5:obuc yoqa4.l * +r1 f, c;:bgei8u(ex gh a leaf.



1.1.Identify an adaptation of this leaf for its function.

2.2.Identify the cell organelle that is found in particularly high numbers in the palisade mesophyll cells.
it is   .

This micrograph shows a transverse section through a pancreatic acinar cell. Acinar cells are found in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas.


2.1.Explain how the structure of this cell is related to the function of the synthesis of proteins for release from the cell.

2.2.State why an electron microscope is needed to view the ultrastructure of the acinar cells.

  Which row correctly 41 bnobgq;4hnkgt1fz x,+,z rdescribes the DNA and chromosomes of bacterial cells?

  Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes that can pe3o0zhk oo,x2/pzmv:4 d smaq,rform photosynthesis. Which structural fq0 ,34kxmvpd oha2:s,zmzo/o eature is common to both cyanobacteria and plant cells?

  Which statement provides evidence foxcrl tvpclhb 4oaqi6)ax0.ox 74*;p)r the endosymbiotic theory?

  Which part of the cell is labelled with the lett;d/2hkyz6p7gpa n6ft er P?

  What feature of chloroplasts provides evidence for the endosymbiotic theo5w 6k(g0i 3n 2ejfd+onq-vom mry?

  The micrograph shows an image o2.8ydd4h cwtnn nz e /.uhh,4ff a plant cell taken with a light microscope.

1.Calculate the magnification of the image, showing your work.
Magnification=   x

2.Label, with the letter N, a nucleus in the image.

3.The image was taken using a light microscope. State how you deduce this from the image.

4.Draw and label a diagram to show how the same type of plant cell shown in the micrograph would appear when examined with an electron microscope.

5.State two differences that would be seen when looking at an electron micrograph of a bacterium cell compared to this plant cell.

6.At first, the student who took this image could not see the cell when focusing the microscope. Suggest what may have caused this problem.

  The electron micrograph below shows a ceood+d 97j +(,ss- .upqrpy luzll of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Which of the labelled structures maintains the cell’s shape and protects the cellz++osod q jls d yu9u7.,r-(pp from lysing during osmosis?

  Which process is most likely responsible for the origin of mitochondria as a euay ta*xy k(cybl9;m(3karyoticy9m ylxba(a* ;ytc( k3 cell organelle?

  Which organelle is the site of protein synthesisezw(xr4 xn* t jc*u-ty7h65 qm?

The diagram below shows a cyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongaj is ldiuruk24d;06zm/ 8y2i ytus.

1.1.State whether the cell shown in the microphotograph is eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Give a reason for your answer.

1.2.State two features found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell structures.

1.3.Identify the type of microscope which was used to produce the microphotograph above. Give a reason for your answer.

1.4.Describe the function of X.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic reticulum.

  1.1.Identify an organelled8* zhmn56 5vttb)gnomyu: o( visible in the figure below whose structure provides evidence for the endosyo td) om (y*5t:5unbmnvhgz68mbiotic theory.
organelle is   



1.2.Label with the letter S an example of the organelle that you named in part (i).

1.3.Describe three features of the organelle named in part (i) that support the endosymbiotic theory.

2.Compare and contrast the structure of a mitochondrion and typical prokaryote.

  Which statements about unicellular and multicellular orgaw). gd:q *3 iam;iqo5b,f ubzanisms are correct?

Below is a diagram of a motor neuro3w-j v+q.nk8x*vjij jn. Neurons are the longest cells in the human body.n *q-j j3jiv 8v+j.kwx



1.Explain the factors that limit cell size in humans.

2.Explain how life functions are performed by Paramecium.

  The following electron micrograph shows part of an exocrine pancreasosv7 iv3xle 9t6v0+a b cell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for 3t7av v6s9ibl+oexv0 the production of vesicles for exocytosis?

All organisms contain gecygb(2u x3m (r2x,azn netic material. The type, quantity and location of genetic materialm (axcr 23u2,ngb(zy x differ between kingdoms and species.

1.State if the cell shown in the image is a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Give a reason for your answer.



2.Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA.

3.Outline Cairns' technique for measuring the length of prokaryotic DNA.

  Which statements aboudr hbz- q94fy7aja vnw0*8*ljt chloroplasts and mitochondria support the endosymbiotic theor74qj9*dwvl0f rabz8n* aj-yh y?

1.Outline the steps in calculating ;/dkfb hm ge8;the magnification of a micrograph.

2.Describe the steps taken to focus on a specimen using the 40x objective lens of a light microscope.

  The diagram below shows a . :kajxfb 1.aocell.


1.1.Deduce with a reason, what type of cell this is.

1.2.Calculate the magnification of the cell.The magnification of the cell=   x.

1.3.Outline two functions of life carried out by the cell in the diagram.

2.1.State the type of microscope used to produce the image.

2.2.Explain your choice of microscope for part (i).

  Palisade mesophyll cells produce and release large amounts of carbohydrates. Wkj8d-qavu : qhbaz)te23 f3c:hich charz e8jc3kqa2qv- b3dhf :au): tacteristics would you expect to observe in such cells?

The diagram below shows w)l(m si4goh c)k0ao /a cell.

1.1.Compare and contrast the structure of a mictochondrion with the structure of the cell shown in the diagram.

1.2.Explain why the cell in the diagram is structurally similar to a mitochondrion.

  Which statement applies to both mitochondria and prokaryo nxlvcw0rv/1(f ng;2ztes?

  What is the correct m,9rtlie7gn;( .r mq ezagnification of this image?

  Which characteristic isp+0, p7rqdp ec not true for both mitochondria and chloroplasts?

  The electron microgru2+kca/ao9qmu5oblz *4-kl e aph shows a prokaryotic cell, Cyclotella litoralis. What is the actual diameter of the cell in this image?m/u2u ka 9ko4 czl5*-e+ qlbao

  The electron micrographmq5 o97.nlrt so k )69gilhpj+ shows an animal cell.

  The electron micrograph shows a 4xzk..;cp+dw h-d l 9j+uoap zsarcomere, the smallest functional unit of striated muscle tisdcxl9o..4-j;p +zuhwkzd+a psue. What is the actual length between the two Z lines?

  Which organelle is fok.cdx7r / ; snqu2 vf*:vp5bwovc:mdlx..8 ojrmed by a vesicle derived from the cell membrane?

  Which organism contain2y5 *xx jfnba0s DNA in exactly two different organelles?

1.Outline one way unicellular organisms can carry outssk1w( fm0j63 k3or f75 xd mbg0fjwt7 each of nutrition, movement and excretidw10x ksg70sfjmj63f ob5 tf3wk( rm7on.

2.Draw a single mitochondrion, and annotate it to outline the role of four labelled structures.

3.Compare and contrast the structure of E. coli and a palisade mesophyll cell.

  What feature distinguishes fungal hyphae and striated muscle from twoosssm v6-aq6w 3:)r 0g0ety he two cell types showsye v0 wqw:0sa6om sr )36t-ogn in the images?