The three common phases of matamh**h :1 (hq fdgpvil cwr w. 2ze:7.jjag8i3ter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a dens g+0zx5phbml9 ity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pres mbaj .gv t)g5s+q.t-csure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All thre:50-w e u3 uoe6 xhpiixpq7i,ie have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C i7xp,6-io xq:i05e uu3h eipwis narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire cjlt rf8 /:rnt)alled?

  When atmospheric pressqj2j2++,pd6b 0 yrra rp+ancuure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a poob6+2++pp j2 j0u raycan,drqrl?

  You are originally 1.0 m ben6,wi vrrov44e eath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pre,rri4v e ov46wssure on you?

State Pascal's principle.w sp63+ r,iy+tu+/;bzwjru br

State Archimedes' pri0h ohte3+qyh -nciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into waterp1ocb a+c8yf8atf8 h;3j f-wn of constant density, what happens to the b8ynf-ob8; ff +ct3c a ajw81hpuoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater densit 3v)n u+l;xwyoy than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt wate v wnx)3ylu+o;r. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. Asj1e)ekx6jt*8bqg ;32o nj ol+.uh qy ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in th b;u3*otnyk+ lq8g. ej1e2jq6s j ox)he salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water butcinn)1.t ;ldd floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball ;n 1lcid nd).tgreater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg 4o/6uzcjem z4cjb o7 tx u9y8z74mzpk49ii/epiece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force onbpic4 / 699/zjcxj744zm 4keue7my zot uoi8z it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the ire6q2kg8+t(zfy 0 hiln on is removed from the wood, what happens to thetlg0 iyz 86efh(2n+qk water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floatip1e1m: n )pxgwng in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and do1) gexnppw 1m:es not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B iiq2-0z h2z uvr ic.a3c 6iafsva.:gtgbn6 y4; s larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water gresf6 20i.bagvi -yara t .:qic6unc 4hzvz23g;ater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a( uzxwvej(q;0 horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wijq(v ew0z;u x(der section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s is :vu en*0 kggo*x11mqgx, (uen a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in tu**x0eg: nxm og, 1ues( q1vgkhe narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle. ldc4o 4xzdwd;mh 9c88w2bf. m

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservata) -c o1 ipsuu,cw6(gm8zls,sion of energy in fluidlc)p1m s,uazs icg- 6 owu8s(,s?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in the flwboo p4g hs+ 3vqz7;k.uid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is large /pnji *vy 8pkcfl:32dr than at point A. Where is the water pressure fni3lc dpj2v8kp *y/:greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is becaea58ejk l-tt0f d ot-kdfs -amt*ap8v+z :59c use

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The forcsazc-7vnq0yu+ k(x7 n0jx)( y dyj+uqe of air resistance on him iky j+c7s0 )u nu0(jqxy dvny+-xazq(7s

  Two Styrofoam balls, ok6 gqb bhk8pk5 b9 e-b:wa0ud3f radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall t eqbb 56bdgkbh3k w0ap:uk9-8ower. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through wat*xe:3e u:upwcer, it experiences a drag 3e x:ew:c *upuforce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid thrd-g*0v3 c a+38m8 l simhgbfctough a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quagd*mc+-vil h80t3f c 3g sa8mbntities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipui:d+o),a9;kxebr wye B has twice the diameter of piexb kir o+:9d,;wyua)pe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long c; cjxxw.*ef9 ,qfgz,as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the leng9w.zqc *, gfxf,ej; xcths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it of+ :k9m.t,zws/ i /mwmo57 upek;okibhten tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in:uk +pwzim ho5 es7bo.k//w,;mtikm 9 little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is j2x,qrv 8gbrh2bdz y8wjz*g2/a4 -bvj /ny0 xplaced in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would bx*yr x0vjh/2n,yj84/ j abvr z-22gdz gb8qwthe water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the wajy :yev)d9) octer bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weig)j )y:o ceyvd9ht of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lik/ 8(v j3ph/kj xyt(qqa0siy4ghtweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimen8/ i(hp vtq0jkxsqy jay/3k(4 sion. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2knio;r2, a;m0wuab t *.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What uoma2tk nr ; ,;a*w0biis its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravityp80.umw 1f y, 4ecve*gx e.jke of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is th3hkn1: ; ifyqgc7x 1dzshh/mfuz / 2i,e maximum pn qd/z7u/y,xig3 h1h;h cf2ikzm :fs1ressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area o,f twt;1scy4 kp6mf)d1+npq $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submar-6 :k9wi0hp kw+mc dr:bktwm, ine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oc:mrpwid bc+ ,0h-k w9ktwkm6:ean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter i(5kmim 3 vt;mz 9brt8tn a submarine can withstand a maximum force omkt9i(5m8t vrt z3bm ;f $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge press +c oqcs6me5j36mza;uto*4vs ure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a locatio /7b4,jblurexz n 8l)zn 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density ofrx84el) j bnz/u,bz7 l seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m belowm mw2w*))cjti the surface of sea? (The density of sjt2)*m wi)wcmeawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of svz( cusp:j9q- i3b8 da hydraulic machine. The small piston has aru -qzvp 3d b:i(8s9scjea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the sqet31qvf*f1mp* z (gymall piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radiff v (1*qtqp*1 zg3meyus of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameterspod5q;hwgm+. *kw ,*fq* otc hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diametg*.5p q;*m owsdoh*wk ,ftq+cer piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter xwa h0*9ucz)pof 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameteh *09wxcpzu a)r of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air (uvo y3., uuftand 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the u, uu 3f(.ovytwater?

  An object has a volusbha ;v1mm 0r:s p-:x( l1nqjgme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid ir pd+/hcd:y7bj dctu2 *on is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.b+7cdh:*j t2y cp ddu/86.)

  If the density of gold isuv(817nsuqivsb0 m7h $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submar1nxpp pycvyo; :j c(l2v7.,qbine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84q5xbv6d yi2rf bi03d02 ;* ktgzvu.rk N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. Wh 3ir6;yr.t020*zvdukbbixk dg fvq25 at is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is plac yrlww (uuw*7:h v9/z q xgr.7lscg25aed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered int *swygz 7rg7:.r 5vxa(2luhl9w / wcquo the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and d(iabaac . /n6nahha4n/8s;d m8 m,xk kensity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of lengtht19sa5 pj+g+ )7kal3.ekx7ztuqw hqm 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in wa19a sxqj 3eqtz5l++m 7wktk ph.)gu7ater. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0y8 rx7mt4ku*s m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can y t xr8sm4ku7*be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volu2o )w uwwxy/wmw3- v .n,je;smme beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the/; w x)w,2wvymj mse.wuo-n3w object?

  A solid object floats in water4iomdgpotuh b 008h ,+ with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is ti0hdm4 8bohop t ,+u0ghe object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths ofhcu 9mt)22w6 nlogkw4 its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant co26 2hg49ulw) t wkmnforce on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. Why08a,j9vanfn. ngp 4ebx,s, a73rulxat is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity o, npa .n 9,var,xbu3f 40elxsg njya78f ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of dimpl 2 n-wrbxp)guqx5jg( :,d3ameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. Theres7 )grlmlf- 3*ukb5ln is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the lin)-rl *slg5kmfu7 3 blne. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontx 63abyq.mpg) al pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply ps fs5lvw6n fkc,z90y-e:n8 ka drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if -zkf908c: 5nsye6l,s k fnpwv the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the eh/u ie45*pt rbottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a dep tie*hu/er4 p5th of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal p iu rw+z4p-q 4*nmrm4-qoe1 0dpr3myi ipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of e e.z)j wcq2qd9jlr;)fcja900.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cmqjc0a) q;ee2z9f)jlcw. dr j9 above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue ona soir7-+u 0yh the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the+ 0-husroa 7iy pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice e2 i:x tz+ 8t,v(akuijthe diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it ,2+x8kiaevjz :i (u ttrise in tube B?

  The surface tension of wz:vqi k/1 zk-mjw.- ky:m)ve kater is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillakj e.-mz1z )/vi y-kvmq :kkw:ry tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a gla (n15t avkrdn1ss capillary tube with a diameterrdn1an (tv1k5 of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertical-n65 fmn7ni jlly in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level o6 n- ji75nmflnf the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m w fnu ntet8vw(.a;h8b*ith a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension o8 nath.*f;t n (bewv8uf soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has lu7b k(y15n i6xya ox+fength 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the (5if 16+ uy by7naxoxksoap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?