The three common phases of matter ara .fkf ( krhsy6dgl42:e

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitynv8y9fepxisi 5 ,qd9*3 t lim( of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a ):4ibfcwsk03 rs iep.unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and all thhq x+p291slnlg .7kzz8b go6u ree are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. x6s 9+ npz8 o2bkglqzh.lu 17g Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference b nrsjery2(38o oix,mpf *9le1etween the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at th 8km):l5 tr85as0e w*bv qrjzse bottom of a pmrv8t:e kjlq 5zssa *08)r5b wool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. h7nymtmu y::fk;o 2 tj(vp5. zIf you dive to 2.0 m beneath the 2j k5 ; yvyuptm (z:.not:7hfmsurface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlj anbk7 ou82oaknm kv6vvag/9/ -,uc8e.

State Archimedes' priscgwd2 afr2/ t6g + o2ygmdm+8nciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper in 6 sb7kn9vzs/1la,wsjto water of constant density, what happens to th kvzla/jn7,s sbsw916e buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh watp7c1k pttyj 00*, alr)9lrputer. A boat floats in both fresh water and in sa70ltlyp9) j,a10*uprpkc rttlt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats ;l, 2 ginqzpl9uf1u3iin both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt 3fp1i l;2 zgi lqu,9nuwater is

  A steel ball sinks in watecf0mxn h8h eesj/w(u4)l1e f(d3qm6lr but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greatj((e/ )lwx8e f1sm 6h3eul qnmf0cdh 4er?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-u8efj7h ot (i cni,./n;b2mol kg piece of lead. Which has the greaj7ob.nmt(h l;u 2c/ o, ienif8ter buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piecwdk3 g050rtm me of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the w05m g3 mr0twkdater level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a5nlhcb*ez- - o bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water-len 5h *-cboz level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diamet/9ly:z;adssa+4pd3o)inex xer of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where/+ol s 4dsxz ipax3d) :a;y9ne is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widf2mfi0lo )ui,6 -*j f plcxn*iens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the widel*uln0jp2 i*c fmf,6 f-)oixir section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the7 )nmd7oo* :b6egnjox pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower sectionnoj6xn* me7d :)7o gob?

State Bernoulli's princiz; t9bk9m5wz ( x)bldhltc 5-dple.

  Which one of the following is a g.t rh:tp2:trq 1u.fnyko5z.ssociated with the law of conservation of energy t.u5rn: f1ky h.o .gqpzttr:2in fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressu+cmtmvt p ta )3j7*(atre in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of4iz hk)u.yo 6kh b3rxt 6erm 03ngyx53 the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure grea gzne y3h6xu6t3moh 4k5ik.rx 3)yr0btest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This io0ort/x mn rck khb/.av5 7s)5s because

  A sky diver falls through thc ed n0.m hdp-*e1zv*b3cdhm 3e air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance 1. mnm ce*3cd0v bezhdh*3-dpon him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall6 )iny*a, lcua tower. Which will reach the ground f*a,l6inau c y)irst?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it experienthhpmh 9*kwa r 1)a8(fces a drag forchh m rwat98)pk* ah1f(e $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? Thatdd,gl 8rcl q 7:k7c.zsgogx:/ is, if you made a 1dq:zgc:ol sdrgk7,l gc7/ x.80% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice thebp(4bu,2c,p xu7/a(sc(z ts0xka3r ugtusr+ diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the fl u0c2gurkp(rc x st,/7,asa b4 u3((pxsub+z tow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pi35:;kzgewxs s8y6xmroq5w b nq;96 iz pe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, 965 koq6w b;;mn5rzxsx:z q i83gywessubject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems 8l 1h*rzp3tz w.gdm 3zto be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms 83p3. rthdg zmz*wz1lof

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the wahp 1ew+- *7aayel5n wwter rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?w+ ael* ay5w7h-e1wp n

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight thfj; *mgab c*1hat they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, et;cm 1a*gfh*jbc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently li lga8 7m6mvb)hqolo5ymbf/ va,px) 18ghtweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. a87m , l5xbv)mb8gop1yo) mfhvqa6 /lThis is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm n0hpoc sv9 k 0iz+d-5bhas a mass of 30.0 g. c o5in90bvsdhpz 0+-kWhat is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 5kzaz9aomd/zrg 1;p9 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cmf4el -8jp 8xdz x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal 4zelj x8-dpf8surface?

  A person weighing 900 phkx 38 ceuc*;o)x w;yN is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a d -/+8cxkg pjply4l9v,taqmm,e5w e v :epth of 120.0 m ing,em:5lk l ,p9vv/m-8qjyt p4cxa+ ew the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cmyt4sm f8m63ue diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum forceftus3m84 m6e y of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure ifvrw 3:i(we xu7 the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sdfc6dg jcsh k 6d:fx,) 95wmc/ea? (The ch df:g6 c9k,5f/ dx6wcjd )smdensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of u.o al:3oy6ar) fyc:5cs n*fd sea? (The density of seawa.)lcc nu:yo6far* :5y sadof3ter is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston agpz;vet x),cu:;9x h of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has areavtxhz;)ux9;p,g a: c e $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm tu1--b4xlhl yi il06 7o,sqg2r)gwju and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N onu6x g)hlbl-g q -uwsri y2t 40,i71loj the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameq86nqumj x.3z0 aww3n; p/j qtter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accojj30p aw q.8mzn3n;u txq /6qwmplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic liz m(4fsktk,u2 ft has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a dik sfk24u t(,mzameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. q 4vrv 4-wxa) b5mbj1s.gm di-What is the buoyant force of the wr -vswb1v.d m )5mjgba4xiq- 4ater?

  An object has a volume ,gr9zi a/ pgr-of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solivul8b d 6j(oc2d iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The speci jlbdv8(co2u 6fic gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold *s1 cxg0)ct5u 3dh hr sm3(vdris $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine nxsx7 a1r2*wm(density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air an; k fd3 by;k*r;u+kknad 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of thnr* d+;kuya 3; ;bfkkke object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 2m1 1o6e-xxcz - / y zd9g2,rv.imuslnw0-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8 dvzz mr21loi/y6.um1,s w xn9e --gxc.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with ao m6*xm :3bfxx2p)g 1 mcpbv2-q29nov7j rpar mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of lnbuo 9 pb i/:-bakc)f-pnw3t;ength 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its mass-u c3-wa 9bnt:nbib p;/ opf)k?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass qh:h,z6 t4 8 wn8cnearmeasures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilogq zc4a8hn,:n6e htw r8rams of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the sufh-aakf iz,8jk)bx3 .rface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. Whabi f.3zh)af- ,kj kxa8t is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the s9tfe fls ;rz+eex z2 17hm4oe0lk 4+scurface. What is2lesectzfk m41l0 r7 ozhe++f4sex;9 the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats withix(s h 2m pj5jmf tnj:8b+vk+7 three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the nm ij+st58:7(xmj2 bh +fjvpk water. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an icejann h32wj5 6t floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will ju n6atnj52 hjw3st support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/(h v h8t6job0is. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0ewk:nuthv- is4)88xe cm diameter restriction in the kets:wn) x8-v4uhe8i line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pi9(9vv3hi4k1xk dm pyvo w yf6)pe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a btaq 2k5*b36eummd7 odrinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0kte*m5b 7a2m uq6obd3 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom ofk j;* n6q h)vzb,ae2ct a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rb6a*2;j zet, nqh)vckate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through aj 6.b)1qoka cw horizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscs n 5m5l;9mruu v8*zyaosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the sur8luma 5usz5 y r;nm9v*face of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on th;,vgtsw*cl o;of j(t1gp n/:re wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have (ogt,; rpc jos:l1;wgvtn*/ fto be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are pl+ bacsv6y, mv*aced in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will i* vs+c m,aybv6t rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of wa 6jr3 t.;qjdhgter is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillar.j3rh; dgt6 jqy tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height wouldr :hu5;x ge9vez6 bxb8 water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube withe8hv6xuz re;5:x bgb9 a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically ini7 6ry/;r/hf2q ehchx a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition ofr ef;/hqy i 6/xh72crh some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m an6q iiz xln7/6nd width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. qi/6ninl 7 z6x If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 v( y4-ggunjwujcw,d +0 3y,qtcm, and is built in sy4 j-g j( c,dqgtuuw nw03y+,vuch a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?