The three common phases of matis 3w8:vqyltlyc2t/. ter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density 4c.+z (ezeascbx8l h, of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of premxaa rzg2)r/.ssure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. 5 ffc7u *gn6n0axz 4ja All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glnzf x56* 0 jcanguaf47ass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference betpd2 (0h )xtizeween the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressty,xr +arfd 5 ioo9.2bjh;c /mure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bodmtbi25/;9f raj+hx., yr c oottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surfals-s1ld pu,vh.t+j , gce of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolh-jlg1s, ,vpslu d.+tute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlex,oiw*6wb x+i8 g:4cdz 0lqgc.

State Archimedes' princ3j)h g/lfwkpx 0sy t,.iple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water w4c4x va l b3wf*pwq94wp9ch5of constant density, what happens to the buoyant fop49fwlxc 4 h a9bwpv 54w*qcw3rce on it?

  Salt water has greater density than 8dl6s y1qjn5k0u ,konb6we k.fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoya6 jywo5ukke,n bd8kl0nq1 .s6nt force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh wao.phvx96b3:q6 wo mn6pl*ah c ter. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared36q x pphnocw6:a*. b6 lh9vmo to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is thrag( tj nqd8-(e buoyant force on the ball greaterjr a(ng(d8qt- ?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, rightn4pxb s2be5p 0 8nl;krb8swj/ next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on8 0e;j/ p nkb2sw4bps n5l8bxr it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating r jtwk28w 5x nq)7(3x,a)v7;+xnwg cpugub ebin a bathtub. If the iron is removed fbbx2cwkve7 +5g3)npr;7wj)n, qxt xug(wa8u rom the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A h( g2jf9-oabs7e6b xcp/xqh*second piece of wood sits on top of the first cx6aq gx hf/b-o9*e2(sphb7j piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of i 5)ks*aw2nlj( eiit2the pipe at point B is larger than at poinitawil(22e ) *ikj5snt A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizonta o33:sd0ifjz al pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flo3zjf :d0sa oi3w speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal hbtcb+ /n hj ok-/n13de( .kbhpipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, whch+1(hk/ / d -bbb.nh eknot3jat is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princb0o6ks0rysmfy g )e3-1k uvf-iple.

  Which one of the followinv w5n)u9 af7bgg is associated with the law of conservation of energy in fluid7wu f5g9)vbn as?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the presjw)kp, c 2 mf,n0xfdz:sure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The truz ms81pl9 )diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pr)sm8 r z91ultpessure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is becausdemm:qr6 w tdb3a,, zr+0yr4ge

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air rescuscdh(/5y d 2se0sg y75 6becistance os0 gb cyusdc5e2 7c(6e/dy hs5n him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radhnvni0 : 2y-q 1o:ndey)gmomx) 2sb5 .fwmmo2ii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which win2- 15qmi ne0)vgom ydy)mb:m :.o2fxn 2wsohll reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rockcl 02bviil k+nd:4ep 2xo:av5 ,xjy)d of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag byvojn dcl,:420+:i l)kdxe2 ax piv5force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of flu prhww jkq9)-gky u6db09-hj;s;9 sfjid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantitie u9w6 spgqjkwj0)9ry9bfjhs- h;kd ;-s below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the dio-qys5 xn0g2s ameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across tys-gs2x 0n q5ohe lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipq1p n j5lb6n6pe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in 5n1p6jlqb6p nboth pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be as1 uu/iiyut*t: sociated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little glo:iyu* tu1u t/ibules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to atm gr7)+pj.zg i4xe65jr s2 vy height h. If the diamem5 vzrix27yj+ 46r )sg. jgpteter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficienbi3e3xoyy6 4lqzd,(o g ziww19p (0hjtly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, inie xoihwlj(b dz3w94g (10q,o y6 3pzy all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that theyzd2n8: t9h; 2o e*i(blf wvgsi can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, hfvito9z2 ; s8*lwib(ge:dn2due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4ee9f btcq;kw/ +b 00fd.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its den0bb+ kf /e09fqdtc;ew sity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its density084kfpay v(5n tq*bcm?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. Wh,h b;teqz pr26m9xqg4 lw9 kb7at is the maximum pressure it can exert on a ho 6 bwm,xr29qg;ebpzt hk479lqrizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snows) )sio)koqt :5 lpv9ykwnz91t hoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a k0zv2dm4l+bvdepth of 120.0 m in them2+l 4kvv0bzd ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum + a bv;qb8mhia2im,7z9ppr i k++sut+force of zp9bm+h++tai , m i8v+k 72siqubap;r$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300aaf4*g7iid d,1f a 3cs kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m bel5kbxk6avj s)5v)+l anow the surface of sea? (The density of seawaja +bakk s5 xv6))nl5vter is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surfa 7 hzxc v deo*+fkrqp2rm5z845ce of sea? (The density of seawater is p+ehd25zkr4v8 o xrm 7f*5qcz$1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pigy94 rtx3a9i pston has areayx9gp93atir4 $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the sma9ja2anck ,d.tll piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,009nca j t2.ka,d0 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic pi,am2+q 7l7n bpeqc2wwston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplishm pc2wn+2e q qa,7bw7l this?

  The small piston of a ;gwkidc,atr1: l1d0o hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has d dwtikgc:,a 10r;lo 1a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air andm 677lnue k(+lb) lmte 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the water?l7u b6mmn)l e7ket(l +

  An object has a volume3z45 ot2s7sra .k+jke drv: +ciin(qb of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string y -,vy2u(qei nwhile submerged in water. What is the (qv,iyune 2y-tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of golo(qo2t 0 8hbv493xmvs5zch wsd is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densi1nj b3 p/;,e(xrmuimrty = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is (aovc+7fzr6txm 3fx. in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is thaz trx3. c(7mvx+6ffoe specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is place(dm r3 ;njeh6yd on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity =dj6(;e nh mr3y 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and density ofc - w:w.2ljerloq(y i*w -ljs926hfnl $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will jus pft9jdcmj b++o1rp(;t barely float in water. What is its maso cmd9+ b1jp(jp;t r+fs?

  A rectangular box of negli3a.8p5 jrpie. ew qxz7gible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kixwe7z8..i 3rjq5 pa eplograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats wituwb 8,tst6)ujs, 9gxr7juvx- h half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced watert7jjv ,ux) w6trsu-8 9bu, gxs is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats i hbsj,q(c0 dr:n water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the objcrbs0 ,(dhjq: ect's density?

  A 200-N object floatsi7v8t8sy 4o2t 4 t-kzizq(8gy lw.3h mst hhw* with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the object 8zl-sv*mh2hy3 hzt8w s4tq8. ik74(t ig wtoy?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the3(s1ar:/-til gb yo vd:vm)wv minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity o:/1v yo )lrwibvg m(a:s td-3vf ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe ofn u v5ldzxzwv:1+8 un1 diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pij 6:tp5o-dh uope at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrict -tjduh:o5op 6ion?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a prns.kds* -u:baessure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinrs, 7.v(n9/kd8rz z d,ngbzo aking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain na8z,kvzd d (9o/gb ,z7s.nrris 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water-it/j;o+x 3gm; :.vyi+tvkqt 2 tq ofu storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?voy2ttfuj:tqvqi3komti +g x/-;+ ;.

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sect2c)vk: g.pvy gional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 0 i5xe5idsl,o L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assum0id,ies 5l5x oe the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decr f.+yhy4ct4 p w+ (es/zisjii0eased the radius b 4s 0p+iweiityzc+j(s4/ yfh. y 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice thexjr .i+ic qxtnz(xvs(k (6,i( diameter of tubc+z(6 niks v,(irqixt .(j( xxe B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of (cwu v31ao9o1 fcfz9s( v; eagwater is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of dio(fu99gw3 vv ;af1ac(oz1ecsameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise ic eae;9 e,tzo.n a glass capillary tube with a diace.9 ztoe; ,eameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises: vayxw22hc:q :3qbcng h-9qb in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. qbc:h :n w bx2y-qaqcghv32:9 What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and widt0,jmp,+4 l/vlhpio yqp- qkg6 h 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on thp, pp+v/ h yigk -mjqq4ol0,l6e 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cmevzwky8ix -k 1/ e*0fpz ( p4pf1zwf:s and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0./kzfw4 p1f:z zvpi(x-s8e y* 1kfp 0we026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?