The three common phases66n ;(4zwpql ray0lln of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a dens9z,4xxrgwk)byayc( ,y . m7d nity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of z 3d(t 8 cbocg5/b7m0.duqtlf pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, a7zby1 yxv nz)fz.,1iu -(ugh znd all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glassi.)h zz-,7vux 1n bzy(gyu1fz C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the press4vyq0 (w.b*ye lyvy0omew 70 gures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, qhrs /70/nu x2u bgtw4what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of tg2hw40srq7nu/ xu/ba pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface oxpe+v:+cro z7 f a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure rzcxoe+v+ 7p: on you?

State Pascal's princip 5p8j)c(extuc*yl cx )le.

State Archimedes' prleq11 -cyn 8wxinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, wv5tv33q7m+n gshnnk 3hat happens to the buoyant vnkthg5nmn7q333vs +force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fref8yso b,ta2h h- (wsf-sh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on f , 2-ytfh8 sosh(a-wbthe boat?

  Salt water is more dense than f4i;jnkr9/yw 3zzu d8n resh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in theiwk4 u89jnz/nrdy 3;z salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is te) mc*d+hli (pi(fx s *+ye a;zq1k r-4kx/kujhe buoyant force on the ball greater?pjqhl;e mi) xe/4kd1s((x i *+*kukc-r+yazf

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of ctela+i0pfd-i,01cq a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which e1p+ 0-ait,0qficlc dhas the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a( ethue -.gzp5/z ii idp( (nqk3h(,nt bathtub. If the ironpk5z z, (e.tnid- (nh3t(gp i q/i(uhe is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits oz3.9neqkx g+sn top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tuxsn.kq9ezg3 + b?

  Water flows through a pipe. The fb0+: w2bdun - p3vunkdiameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the :wv -nfbpu 03u+dk2bnspeed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal- e 1r2;bm k8gd*pfscf pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flof-1dbk82pg sme;r*fc w speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narro ue3bxlzq958rws to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narroweu3qxr l5eb8 9zr section?

State Bernoulli's princip9 13.bfjlapauarbn(nt(6rh c 7 5bg )vle.

  Which one of the following is associated with hkasc1+8nc, -qq dm wjl6hc5-the law of conservation of energy ih q+ cd 6lqwcj 8-a,-n5c1khmsn fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in the flu,umkq;p ge 5*eid

  Water flows through a pipe. The dian p y ,f0pbvz26j72fnfmeter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?6p072yf,fnjzb npv2 f

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rist9tit**i1cbzhr7(kes+c k+u 4m sw 1hes. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocityk)d6(bx12uzi3y 6qm creky 8 y. The force of air resistance on him ise yk(xi1 c36) yz2r8qkuybdm6

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, areu)sf-wb,-r g2ro ui8 d released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground firsts,b2i grdw- )-r8fuou ?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through wj, 73 dfg sm9zibi6.bdater, it experiences a drag forcb mdgisz7 b6i.dj,93fe $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a49aghcguhs(7 wnw s53 narrow pipe? That is, if g3nsa7cwhgs4 5uwh(9you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, b;xnc z3u (ppm 4h /w3zqzela1w88/bta ut pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes 8q3z1z4a 3 n/apwc/( p8xm zw;bulehtviscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as po0el5j6 zm a41hp*tru ipe A. Water uj1ot406h p*m ze5lura ndergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" tass8y0 i;ixz lq5 hll52jte seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over l8; j2 s5i lyqi0hlxz5the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter *r c/,bd hsbe b) yqf.(iw*2ikv/v)xx d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high wouly q(/x 2bk,dfcve*hxr ).b/iis w)*vbd the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water e zi(k6sun) 5lou6u4c6e* ezsbug, are sufficiently lightweight that they c6z s(c )6u4ule zeu6o5s*eki nan run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bugpgd4 vpi 1gk:ngqr 312, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B i4 i 2 vrdg3np:g1pkq1gs twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.006jd ts0 c9qzjhn bmxu-7eo7 ;9 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What;mco0 e7-b99jjqdush6zxn7t is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is i3+iav396 z38el nbiyd.,,2 s skkwf fmegrl)qts density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0e9smpqu*p-,fjd qcz5- o ku *:1v pzs1 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it coqp- *ks5eq zc1:p-d*m1,p uvf z9jus an exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each fpn*:6l(l.yvgd79d e co1 cw k e*woq;snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.bq1tmep6r ;c9+jnsn2h- 0iue 0 m in the ocean?jue6neq0 np ;im2bs-t1cr+9h

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maxi+(puj 2+fbo bzmum force u(bj +z +2fbpoof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 b5);) de ornmode08p fkPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The 8-x qs5.idg/b-2(g;k djmx +bo evkxl densitykdxj gx-mg xl.-q;2/kd8i v5 bes +ob( of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sn ud5)tuei+m .7k c(htea? (The density of seawattehk( tm5.idun 7 uc+)er is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine.2f 97frxbkc1a The small piston has ar71 9rc2fbxk faea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the largvio+;/5 3th ewmvphy3e pistoeht 3vm ;whviop35 y/+n has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 c7az9w/a 2a,o-uzuxbkm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish bk7- 9uauz/oaxza2w, this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large g d7e e2ezwg04-1v,kfd4wpqh piston has akgdw-,zfhg 20e ev d4 p1wq47e diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs ok nm q:k349p,m vl3fc+mix0o 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of thqoc0i43 onmm3fmkv ,+lk9px:e water?

  An object has a volume/jz,lk;uhop,(m p mu0 of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron ,iv j8glicm 91is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is vcm81i, 9iljg the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gokowpe+i-wzu5 ph/9 9 ald is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (de(a -lndzqi;srg wbh09.b7qz fj6m01 tnsity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N whefn9e u-h l- sv7z94ktmn it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gm-lkz 79 nfsveuh9 4t-ravity of the object?

  A container of water is plard sjfx, v47;m 2fnb0v9w )l.yi0nzwhced on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (0bny;mir 4wvj 0 2)lwzfx7 vsd, .9nhfspecific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and densixgqh 6i4 gd8bt+nh-s4ty of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just b- nxh o2eh*jxh(2srzd)d enox(hn ,0*arely float in wat -x s2 e (x2d*0jedzh *o,r(hn)xohhnner. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1. 0xvtbn-u x:*v0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can bb *vn:txvx -0ue loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volwh; vifem /g 5f2dp;5w0w.nigb)d3bjume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the disgbf0 /deww5g.) ;p mb3i;2jnf5hd i wvplaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the suchrz 0rmsh2(g,w -mn 1xb7dmm6 r,of7rface. hm o 1m7-mg,(mz20df xn ,6rrbcswhr7 What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of8thb7;y*l mu tcb n )c7i5b8zf the water. What is the buoyant forcycczuift*8 7mh;nl7t) 5 bb b8e on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What g8zlmm pv 2 :ihya h:6v66bh*cis the minimum area of the floe that wi2: h ph z:gc*6ay8libv6mh 6vmll just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the floji bg8-pac(s*f c(ntq6ki (/tw rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2yq70w*be (zr e.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. Whate* q(e70ywbz r is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s 0wc;jm0n8nfr;d 7 -rrv3qk ra in a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to h8l(mp+h81+ ln.omtid auz8ka1ah e; supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if th lo+ h8m(+h 11iaad e8lzt.phkma8;une fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a mgdi((j sjn-)xqr;l0water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. Ajgq(0sjd) n-(lmr;xi t what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a ag)zdimqoxn77m f9. /bv*c74dek.to horizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it takeqcx2.9a cl hjz :3cpe7 to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper. pz e:xcl 9q3hc2cja7 part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artea3x8i.b l0yz( hfbq;vry decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to mifa38bz xbly;qv. 0h(aintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pana *vabx+r52* uouv-uf of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube * + 5vfao-2*buauuvx rA, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a cf6f fd3 -pys u,jku6-yapillary tube of diamej, uu6fpdkf- ys3-fy 6ter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise ifpxh: 01m6lm.ik*pd /* z drorn a glass capillary tube with a diamemlxzr6*:p.dfpd0 i/o1h* r kmter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of wat* ya*qk *feq7k4e rr +bp*qoc6er, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered topkc 6f+y *kqo 7*brqr*q4*ae e one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.so*2wt dghqo vda;-)( 600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the suro2*s;g v-) wqd (hdatoface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has r.ylji5 ab5..ci :kku length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soap: cy.l5u.ab i .i5krkjy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?