The three common phases of matter are,jl qs1y0t*o;:mg 8wa8tu yhk

  Density is

  Substance A has a de y9aagx1kbb(x z ,y uh8po2)lm*4 :thlnsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?c5mtyb g7o ,9k8ra r9o

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have therz1w azv9mh a-30heli2di3s bsul-1- same area base, and all three are filled to0ir -bs-1liz9u1 lhvdmza s h3- 3ew2a the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a w n5hc5g20ta(b w)cc ig +/ok8fhf)zbtire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens tdgfb*y8m.r 8 yo the absolute pressure at the bom.y8 yd8gr*f bttom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a uwd/mb4+mi6*olqo, j pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on yo, uobjlm4+om/w*6qi du?

State Pascal's principp fz ewl e/wk77pj;i/7le.

State Archimedes' princip serd6yxi8-7mnadav5p , r-s9le.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens tzh)4y k 0q3b3)r qolkop69mf3mtv*w mo the 3o3 qrbmzl yk) 39)wm*f0qh46pvm oktbuoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greaterrw107v p)s s5jjmpe5+h nw9o l density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in+57r 0plwms5v j)h1w9o senpj salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more de-sklu 03)8gbfwcw0 klkuw . 2mnse than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and w)kl kug w l20 -sc83u0kbfm.wsalt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the -se 8ae ( lun1j sss:5iyr,k3jbuoyant force oe-lsj5,s( au isrk: 1y8nj3se n the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bott7 +,or jdth.evkurl;3om of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which hasvkh+3jle .ro ur;td ,7 the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of 0 p) w, gausb/kax-nn1a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the w, n0/n- )kuaws1abgpxood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtu+nq5 . ,8bw u-kcnurvub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the fir5u . r8kv +cwnbuun,q-st piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larg ,1osv n:+h3 ;md. uptsodbqz:er than nu;so:ms: hzv3 ,p.t+b dodq1at point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens toz9*vsv7pg +lmji t+eda i+(;z twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider ;z+ts* av(dlgvizjim7pe+9+ section?

  An ideal fluid flows a e3w378 grlcbat 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, ebw 73 8gclr3awhat is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princ81c-r st2izk* one (e/ yg1dxpiple.

  Which one of the following is associated wipi; 9p bcp3hmc4dz/v,.tq- bith the law of conservation of energy in fluidst-zp miq/d3;hp. ,ivcb 9pb 4c?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the )1nibb 1v n8 dj,ubfh0v d 3bgw92lo+vpressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pi q wvcefwrp * go)9uh+jvcol81+0 h7p+pe at point B is larger than at point Auw9h+or wp v7jle)810 vohf+ +c*pgqc. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This p xb oj d6ntn2sam 7)c+a81nrq w0g ic,59xot3is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminalqam6btp2i5 l bb,c;*k velocity. The force of air resistance on l5b6qc t*;mbbp,kai 2 him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are relkblzmcw )j +9c *dog6,eased simultaneously from a tall tower. Which wiw+kcgb lz* ,d)o mc9j6ll reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through5dnkg y5w:s4d water, it experiences a dradd s:54n 5kygwg force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a n3s4ff j5fm bw)arrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities mf w34b)s ffj5below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes c y1 o-kd7(i3n4m zcu*yrkpt/are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the p 7/oy*k3-ic m( u4 cytk1rzndsame pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same 6v58d/a s xohbdiameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe bs x8od/hv5a 6A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tasapxsq l1am374tes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globul aps14 mxa73lqes. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h;woc9o6 -r.svyjmdq x25*qmj. If the diameter were half as great, how highyj o*s6;jo2qmrcd wq x- 59mv. would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are su2jfyc *bidw l*.xki; 6fficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface te .cfkyj w2*ilibdx*;6 nsion. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the xs;pa02h4lx j water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, b 0 sxla24jh;pxug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. xpe/:rjv0)ek What is its densrp /0jv:xke )eity?

  A liquid has a specific g(42(:b vid vdoetwp w7ravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What isrc9kp9 mw c))o the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surmrp w9k))co9cface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowsrq +,a,khq6jthoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depnz 0 z batn3o4 yfrc7i9u9x0f7th of 120.0 m in zf9 co9r0 b0 inzn4x y77au3tfthe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diamfo p ym:eqrr0230 :otzeter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force of oerr:f320tmz0o : qyp $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressyb 2x l (7/xudxg8uqv8ure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a bape1v5 x g-)ulocation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density 5v pae)bx1 -ugof seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea* e0v n-zbm(gmx0t/dw? (The dmt g v-eb0wzx*(nd0/ mensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraul0v8 htulv ;lpzhc0w+5c 9de m;ic machine. The small piston has ah+vz;85cuw0 mhc0el;v9 plt drea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the smallcq *e2j( dix/b piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of ce(xbd *j/2qi 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. qp97l ho.z3j.mrn7d av0 f ,qyWhat force needs to be applied to a 5.0 3q l7,ohzj0.q.yn m va7dpfr 9cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of zu2b;z/6zj- bw 0/gkdfmrae8a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm.2rbm 0/ dzw8fza ;6-gzkjeb/ u The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighsmk wrg+2 csjknh0,7 bme.f,e*1zybv - 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the watec +eb7wnyfz.mrhs2-kbj k01,em*v, gr?

  An object has a volu8iw; kg z--godme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a stomyuj5 9kc//1rpe/5e iy6 fifring while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.865k/ r eye//fpf6i1o9 j5yc uim.)

  If the density of gold is h1+eh6;tkuur $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densc 0wn*(j*ucmt268azh4( gpudmd ya 1b ity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N whenn*o-xro(l wa 0 it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of th*ox an-(0 lwroe object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. sysh+2; x-h sk;mkhce 8 *xil.Now a 20-g piece of copperes+ ixs;hx s8ckyk m;h hl.*-2 (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 :1u0ie/ l )he.doyldmkg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and o nc,pl 9 i : +jh+s31isoe6xrij5oj-idiameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in wa1 6ie+jsi-scl9o5o ix j:3+ nhroipj, ter. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.zlcf1pq1e 7+b 35ardq bcok2:w1b dm550 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded or57z dedfk5m q2 boqb1 w+pa1:bcc1l3nto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume bie*z8szu 5timx950y 9+xrl;d5 lo rxo eneath the surface of the water. The weight o80dxlx s9im orr+;z55 z et *i9uxlyo5f the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths n3f./d cn4 e*j:woxajof its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's 3c x*jwf4ndoan :ej./ density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-c17p2k-7 n3bi pbx0irorj tl6 lcb(u3fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the wat2p(cjix3n0 br7pcroi-b7 6 ulbk l1t3 er. What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on apmdi+ :pjnknz s 247(7z3eaecn ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in na e:+ p7n7ep3zcs mkizd4(2j saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. F/bv qm7amz), hind the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There *wsx xymn3u73 is a 2.0 cm diameter restrictionuw3x3 m*sn7yx in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pr ff9wovi8 i-p8y/t2 diessure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drijmw j0+p jjk5// fx1fqnking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the p1/0 jjqjw5k fxj+pfm/ ump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the z gd/m h(h;d)h p.3ketbottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hohe(./hz kh; g 3dp)tmdle?

  Water flows through a ho+hdgmm*kwvkg 5 mxex7u+9w1 9rizontal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a qzlyaj+13)1g7 osphuviscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a fun) 3h+sgy1pou zl17jaq nel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased w5 13 4; bagtof42kmzwivg+kqthe radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be incg;t +bo w m244fzkivk3aq1g5wreased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of wao1 /g 1 p0jh2ha3duahwyz.;fg n)jh3lter. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it 0op) 1na.;j ggd3hy/ h1h2ujw 3al fhzrise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capill;s re g)s83kmz s8sk;m)gz re3ary tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would watb(j)kto/0r.hy a 0 hgper at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diametopr ak)bg0.0( th/hj yer of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan ofab, 0:xul1 apg water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens t,xpbl01ga u: ao the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soa, hya mgf/uez5 )xs3wp:zs:/ zp film formed wiszm /hzpa yuz,3sw::5 e)xg/fthin its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and ib3 ;1.kp u-3acakzhbe s built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. .k a3z1ucb-3 khe;p baSoapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?