The three common phases of ma;*62m/z kxgyr5 fki.n8ec0dhyr:wv:j lh;r qtter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a den24;hhix6cel, d92klxfm ) gk lsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is xyw i.,1 0r9((h9e yfqje ktwlnot a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinkixcpz5g) w3yi z7:rm,yng glasses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which g,pz7i)wz 3:ym5x rgyc lass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between tk-yp.0arxt/ -s / mtbahe pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens onb4c :uf 84j s7s;m5srkspmc5a- e 1eto the absolute pressure at the bottomj;s5fk8:cms71s o se a-eu4cm4r np5b of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool gv3;kxv j2.(a;jfe9j vw5h so+o*9f6mir whm . If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to thoajm;h5f9 o;9mkfwvje+w6 2hv vjx( *r isg .3e absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlcgpf n1*s6 ke7e.

State Archimedes' print0mdx5 y o:ftc8zm,j67ma +ta ciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant debf-d3x)kel0j c1ggz7l q-np;nsity, what happens to the buolqzepdgn 7; ) 1 bkf-30xgc-ljyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than f:y3jlm 8zojdbk gy-nj1.ij- *resh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoo -nib3y.jzyjl gjm jdk1:*8-yant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship flot;u 7uu knhs)+ats in both fresh water and salk) tunsu;uh 7+t water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pc /w*1nd ta7icf 04 b 9zyj*86g-zutmzzpzr0qool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball g1yjd 6t znz- cbr0ifat 78c z*m pz4gz/0quw9*reater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg p+zmlt*eo3 e9l5n+f t oiece of lead. W+5et9m 3nftl*ol z+ oehich has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in ak.nd5 p8707azsrh)dde ja 7uv bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level iakj)75v8danezud7 hp0.dr7sn the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a batzz( ws+hdrz ij2dna;z-)oc *2htub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first)z;izaj- w( noz2 d zsh+cr*2d piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point /i053jfuqt9+2pc pb(ctxdyz B is larger than at point A. Wher/ 0( y9 +q23xfpcudp bzjt5itce is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the di zusz v097ge*f wx8/pipe widens to twice its original radius, whatew9 8zz07vgiuxf*d /s is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to d,- q xe j ub wjh(*:;te,28d0evkpllihalf its original radius, what is the flow- l,w qdu (xd jb,*v8hpe0j ;k:2leeti speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's przyj-gzf(dt 3)cha/8k4ozqczt ;.n4sinciple.

  Which one of the following is assocwxthd,3-qsn4 w t19 a-f krz/xiated with the law of conservation of energy in fluids? ar3twn9s kwxx4f- tz,/q-1h d

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in 5q2,cd-)vekl six83+e ulx- tmxs7c sthe fluid

  Water flows through a pifg6.japwb p;/q2 w2li 4b/xjjpe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressurw 2p .;62 /jfw /jlibjgxqb4ape greatest?

  When you blow some a /otf1sznh:)k -vi*12gv lxc yir above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal veloce4uv*e.t ezp eyz2(-vity. The force of air resistance onzeyvu4etez*2v- .(e p him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are relhgojmgoo:u6 j3ux x;5tn9: j2eased simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground first 2jxo3;9g56otog:nuxh: ujm j?

  When a small spherical rock of ,*n0kb y htjik 3c2(7)-wf0hvilmi ewradius r falls through water, it experiences a drag f0f 0)iie l 3mww(cvth7hbin*k y-j2k,orce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrossu w2 wn/z kmcd/,9e2jj3j1qw pipe? That i e2m392,qjuk/cz/w1sjw njs ds, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter r -n6rm:uqkiv uy*-s/of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in p-yum-rk6*n/v :qi usripe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice+ g5rbd9k5qag6byz 6e as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If6dyq56a+b ez bg9r gk5 the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greh: irkysi3e) 7asy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of7k)yr3 shi i:e

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h33 k ;x-awy+1dubemd f. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the water ;+d-w e3dfyu1kamx3b rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that th ay c;i np k:ui75qwzt e++ha0cm((e.ley can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etkyz( nt+0eiqcw;lc(i em+:7a5a.h up c. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, arjcbfk(3 o* j0ce sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feetj*(jc boc03fk of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x hk0d zu ;2,rwo+f)zxq 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its deh2k f+r0udo;qwx z)z,nsity?

  A liquid has a specifoa9u 4 z.euzm0ic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. Wh b- mn 8qqmse7zk0ip//at is the maximum pressure it can exertkq qb-n/im/ 7z es80mp on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoeelh)9i)zny2 11ld u fw has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of ;xsfp0w6*ovsc5h . jq 120.0 m in the ocean?p ;s.6f0 c 5o*qjvhswx

  A circular window of 30 cm diamet5j3b 67m d/aoevt,aedwv5y8sk j n(c-er in a submarine can withstand a maximum force b dae8736e/a,vktj mn v-j(ywo5c5 dsof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if thewd:gq30 5amoc8ite8 r absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure;u)bc 7mueqy 8kz7.p a at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of s8zbkq;e7mc .7ya up) ueawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locatf s.lvxq+6i*hp5/ qbz ion 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The *+ p5b zvhl.is/fqq x6density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the esn+ kvef.n e7l3t1z :small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small piston has aresn3.z7fv 1ee lkn:e+t a $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radiuq zz 9.c;e5c2b wj7erzs of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radiusqce2z.r w57cb9 ; ejzz of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What fokh*dp:*1fv +f3vf mlorce nekfo3*+dvph*: 1l fmvfeds to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large,nj,g:s0xent)abd +p piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift rap),set+nb 0dn, x jga:ises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the b55o2k2punlsuys/*t9ut g9s buoyant force of the wat2pu*ltn 9y59 s 5ob2skuusg/ter?

  An object has a volum0m.x,-az vlxwk:e,6ii c1btg e of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supportdt;vkj+bhj 2 j)z7 zp4ed by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity 7 j)z2v hjk4pd+bj tz;of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold i/cgmfgl3o5.y2 xjx7h, 4wr d ns $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine cs99p; r ygk5f(density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N wh. ssclu (/3qw hwtl ila-66+2m; s/kdqcq(t enen it is immersed in water. What is the s+(nhs/awt qs .l mc6;(eq/wlt iu6-ld 3c2qk specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-gj o)e7i+6g d d;2xdbic piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered7 ); 6be2d cxodii+jgd into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg j14ubt5 c83qzwgaz,g0lfu:z and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 z z rp+bkh-l8 vx55wp./ ipr,pcm will just barely float in watex8rpw bh.zlzp5pv /5-+pir ,kr. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m widmwo- /jyakr5*-s /hs se, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can 5s*//r-sy m asokh-wjbe loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with hal* e8to, c)j 9.;ojibpg9jxvf + m*ikhsf its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. b+kog.) jjh8evip*; ,9ix *t m9 jcsof What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneaflt*mg)p7u jg49l5a2s qil swb o4:ms ol;;y1th the surface. What is the object's dm5l;;a24s 9 1*wty:ll) qbmgg lfsos7o4 jupiensity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volu kfdx* 10sw+vn 7po df;jut)x4me beneath the surface of the water. What is the bu d17ofnu+tkfw djx)4;xv0*psoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. g c*x5spbr*e6* t9por What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of *o 5pgrsc x* epbr*9t6specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find th0i,t 8d s6yexc i*sip2jned0b, hw7* xe flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1 (-m*so:rwsgc6lna87:ffs rf .0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction is7(nc l:frfw-m 8o gar s*sf:6n the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizonta8drgp c*vc;a 5xxm2w7 wk n3ol-ah*w7l pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take ftaf38kqlt*4)lqm1 .fc fv 3bwor a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountaintfqq)4 8 bmafk*tvcl3l1f 3.w is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a wmk ( 4b3zk:rplater storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At wzb:rm3k p l4k(hat rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cxx-q9 7/akoa4*za tckross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pod)hl5zq2 -s5m:hv ,hpo3zyvh ur 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag e-p):2d hv, hzl55hmsh3oyv qzffects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on thelobnmq1mmqjsq + x7)936 5 ysu wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10qyx6u9q l)bm57sm+m 3on1 s jq%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diamete9 gd).rs25thf vt v6xhr of 26h.)9f rvthv d5s xgttube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension orz-v0 .zu/ ootf water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter-/zrv0to.oz u 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree xwxzpf16 7l/byulldk7 ,of qlb28.e 7 Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a7/efl682,l7 wbpdxolz .bkf ylx71q u diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pa88j*fou xfhfjz a 6k5/7xak0dn of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the l/ *u65fof7fk xz8j8 jh xakda0iquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of lengf/acpvei/ rr )r0 .jg4th 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much fp0raijc)r g.v er/4f/orce does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is*lwl j)r+r 6xi built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without x+rl6 j*i)r lwbursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?