The three common phases of matter ym1(jzb . tyi+are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density n2u3 tb4tefgke-,o8 gof $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of p3wcuu) artxhmf, j ll9;c-8s 1ressure?

  Consider three drinking glasse muesq0q.0yozj6 beq/gm /5/as. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so h q/ y/u jba ge65zo.0ms/0mqqeolds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference betwtxf aq6zavc,j 84:njbo1o 03q een the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens;kbcsab9znk/4+qs hb( w 0qe(u/lac; to the absolute pressure at the bottb; e lab q4k9bschw/0uaq/sk;( +( zcnom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m bene uj,q-7kw- eqsath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on y-uk sqq wj7,e-ou?

State Pascal's princip. 1nswkk u;, oz(qe-zole.

State Archimedes' pr 23e,qzx4:t y 4fb6isos*ldtfinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water oc2n+qxdux b n,q 9qnrsj1f3.7f constant density, what happens to the buoyant force7qn,31drnnq x.ubf s xj29qc+ on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh wa2; 69mdch6 o7uqf1b 3odnd zbqter and in salt water. Where is the buoyant for;obmq znu13d6fd 9bc6dh2 oq7 ce greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. Au )ovmwrp1w22 ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water,2ov1 urww2mp ) the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is thqt hs +1bjq ptitj(32t ,2tmz9b 66dqhe buoyant force on b16tm6z9t qhq2td+2ipjhtj,tb(s q3 the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right ntbsr +igcc83/-doz *xs za+b4 ext to a 10-kg piece of+ *c4izb+oc /zsx -g8dtbrs3a lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wosv9k o:h8,suiod floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in theih o 8s:uvsk,9 tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in z8y76w;sm .i:4 vnq n nf7oltea bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not 8f6o nmz:iv7 y7qnlt n;.ews4touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pi45m2rl edsri8 oknghgi 0 tb:*,v*v c)pe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. W4 0vv 5**:csbh)igrkl d2,8tm ieo grnhere is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in f- y)gdj lc q5+/4a1+jw uqhzia horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow spc-+1z dh4 j ui5q)wyjq af+lg/eed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 ch rdgbeerx,+nm25/ *na,h c .m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in thea . hd n2*n b+hg/emcr,xe,c5r narrower section?

State Bernoulli's priu+:qf ;;c6x kmgg9g0 ve *d- ikx*skzpnciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conser i9nmqw0:/bp1r.ehfzvation of energy in fluids?w0. qifpzr e/19 mhbn:

  As the speed of a moving fluid incr;)gfwby n-- hz z-je:keases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B issu/5dzsie7.9o-kp 0vto(eo k larger than at point A. Where is toee0s /o o59zvdpsi-.tk( 7 ukhe water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is bec*d-clv qna5dfg) k1*wause

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal veloci(qe q )r+bq:u z;zwvdx0y+ 4dzty. The force of air resistance on hid;r+ dwz(zuyq :qxz+q)e 4vb0m is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tu q 9g +u996o szhxf5zt2jo; bdk-,fhcall to;g -f9+q5u hz cu6ox2h9otfjdz,s9kbwer. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radiusi : 6ch;b8 juhrmxaf(( r falls through water, it experiences a dr c;h 8(uah 6:fxmbirj(ag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the y-v,)g kvx y4rflow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the qu4y-g ,v)xyv krantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the si*d8 juftxk7tqz; 8 b7/laj/8j(ffzsame length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pbajuf f7xtk zz//(t8j 8i qflj*8 s;d7ipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diamet:-x1hn cw sjuoo; x)o5er, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difwcxhu5o;-:ns1 x)ooj ference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "; bhlbf p0(im)greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explainp)0b;f (bi mhled in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, t tnhryw//ce, ,fniy57uaz k17 he water rises to a height h. If the diameter were hal,,7ta1r7 5wnzuc fhniyy ek/ /f as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweightyr/) 5xjz2gw d that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as widg25zw/dr )xjy e, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sy s40 9qh3;atznq7k vrufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's 9n k yqvah70r;z4qts3 feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 c+ ht942rtyvn2 * huqslm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its density?92sn l*rhqt +4u2yt hv

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.s ybq/,,e;gy 5 bv+lzl357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What + in96fnb bs; p-dv,vvis the maximum pressurnv+pn-b;b f,d6 vi vs9e it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each s rdqw) hqv k62qe*) /vl7brbp. 4v3wdpnowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand aq,*xencoi 29*n9 hffj t a depth of 120.0 m inifjc9qnx *,29 hfno e* the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a subma-cr3;*gumsu ba2l+ z(ju3dy99 dedq hrine can withstand a maximum forced3q3s;j(*l-+9 gu 2ryuazd bhucm9 de of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure ist/+n titw0 7ib 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a locatios -kr2dpoonu7i z y7;bij+5s 0n 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densb+; u pz7i-ork iyoss250 dn7jity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pre/+ik ifwebtv1f .2q /mssure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawqt+/f .kv/i1fweb2 imater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hy9u d(ic ed-2gedraulic machine. The small piston ha dcd- 9e(uge2is area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and t +4az5 + yovz9i:xcj*loau5 ighe large piston has a radius of 15 cm. Whaji: yco55ugx+zaoazl9 v +i* 4t force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by3l04 q- oqunvu a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs 03qqo-l u uvn4to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter ofde*jm71m b my; 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter*je mmy1m7;b d of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N i6n(bqx .emvjjzzt 1)8 n water. What is the buoyant force of8. vtm6(zqjj)nez bx1 the water?

  An object has a volume of f,ic3algw4* k $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of soliddo(- c1-iu7ql .lm9;rof z)zxtmsj8e/a;v th iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron iso d(i. 17ol-s)harmt/zxq;9uzl ; jcf e-m8tv 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is ikt( ;e+teq t;$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine nyl:qx.z y9a /ul: k;v(density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in iox6 s) y*.ciwair and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of the object.ici)xwys o *6?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 2 6ba6ecldt 3 9h1 tw1 m*lxmco1j(unt90-g piece of copper (specific graj6ma d(te3lb t 9ccnmou1 *1 twl916xhvity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kgn.c5l mk f5+;9jlhvgt and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm wil //edg bn/:k-udc-y4yiii r.tl just barely float in water. What/ude i: ykiy/cit b4n -.r/dg- is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.vu o-,k6wu g9f0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many,6w u-ov9g fuk kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface 90 gly s:frr+sc7.mfy of the water. The weight s+m7.rg0syr9y ff :c lof the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths453ouk+m ggj stauh1. of its volume beneath the surface. What is the objec u .hg4+ojsgu3a5mt 1kt's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourt*x(+ cfyd yu 22n1hj14fb q7 ,xskuwx(rwx0ixhs of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buo*,x+w(yujy1k xx4i ( xwf2 2usqr xf17 ncbhd0yant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 x9s(vts7mjn4v ; o-fykg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of v;xosfjtsv(9 4y- 7mnthe floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diam bn5/f-.a:*ue qjiot deter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cs*m+.0b mui. kw 2od g+qlv6qdm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the l qg .d+o*sv6bqm ukwm+lid02. ine. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a prst7iqc ld0;at58 d6uressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinkin g)2c 1q0-nhg.q5 8 pylywrjjrg fountain with 300 kPa, if the four-2 0wgn yy5hj1 .jlqcp r)8qgntain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bot :/wth3r jkof)tom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth rfkwh)j/o: 3 tof 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectiongc)9 feb)cax1l(eg0k4 j t uv/m8g3ht al area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour x;kq3y z7a u-kgmx1.n4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of th.1g-xa37kq;mx u znyke neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue oykkft +0g/ nn-fd v4a1n the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have tv nkt /d4fk1+ga0-nyf o be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of yn*,77 4knko)p jcmyv water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If 77nnpvk ,y4oc* kyj)m water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension gtpkx9 (t1j;89 fqsehof water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.29skepx(jfgq1 9t8 ht; mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary u9r j58;f/qvwp-tynt z 5ybn/tube with a diameten- b5y//p;5q nrt wu9tyvfj8 zr of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in c-uric0f m-y94 f:4j/h wrb pbx-h h*ba pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid i4 y -ib--hrr/ fc0bchx ump b*wf9:4hjs lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.b:f8 g. m e3sv,dzqba(hap6o5 120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface.pmag, 8bzfo d 5ebsv63a:h(q tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 1a dba.40vyr* c5rxc m;2 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sid cb .car4vra0x y;5*mdes can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?